入世对我国少数民族妇女生计发展的影响

少数民族妇女的生计特点决定了其具有高度的脆弱性,在外界冲击下极容易受到影响。中国加入WTO后,大宗农产品的生产和销售受到冲击,而这正是少数民族地区妇女生计依赖的主要支柱,因此,入世后中国的农业承诺的逐步兑现,对少数民族地区妇女的影响非常明显。本文以维吾尔族、蒙族、壮族和赫哲族为研究对象,分析了少数民族妇女在入世后经济、社会福利方面的损失。     

试论加入WTO后少数民族法的调整

WTO规则的适用及成员方对少数民族自治地区法律、政府及其权力等方面的关注,说明少数民族地区法律、法规与WTO规则存在冲突,少数民族法应按照WTO规则的精神进行调整和完善。     

《补贴与反补贴协议》对我国技术创新支持政策的影响分析

由于受正溢出效应的影响 ,市场往往对产业研究与开发的投资先天不足。因此 ,补贴或资助产业研究与开发就成为世界各国首要的产业政策之一。然而 ,政府的补贴或资助过高 ,又会对国际资本构成潜在的威胁。为此WTO《补贴与反补贴协议》对成员进行了严格的规定。中国加入WTO后 ,政府对这方面的支持政策将受到《补贴与补贴协议》的限制。因此有必要对该协议关于研究与开发补贴条款进行了解与分析 ,以便调整或制定我国适应WTO规则的产业政策。     

"入世"与政府职能的转变

加入WTO,对我国来说,既是挑战,也是机遇.作为政府首先要按照WTO的规则实行转变,按照市场经济规律管理经济,使政府行为法治化、透明化,提高管理效率.     

WTO规则与我国民用飞机产业发展立法

WTO规则对中国民用航空产业特别是我国民用飞机产业的发展有着巨大的影响和积极意义。从目前来看,中国的法律体系尚不完善,现行的民航法规和规章,要么在一些方面规定阙如,要么不符合WTO规则的要求,法治观念还没有完全树立起来。在这种法制环境下,中国民机产业必须规避入世风险,其核心问题是处理好政府的行政管理行为与民机产业法制之间的关系。对此,中国民机产业要建立健全法律法规制度,才能使我国作为WTO成员按照WTO规则和国际惯例保障和促进民机产业的发展。同时,通过典型国家民机产业发展立法的经验借鉴,也能为我国民机产业发展立法提供有益的启示,从而加速我国民机产业的可持续发展。     

Rave Reviews

China underwent its eighth trade policy review by the World Trade Organization (WTO) from October 20 to 22. This comprehensive assessment of China's trade policy came at the 20th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO, a time when certain countries are wielding unilateralism and international trade is being battered by the COVID-19 pandemic; and China's foreign trade is bucking the trend.     

China's WTO Membership and the Non-Market Economy Status: discrimination and impediment to China's foreign trade

This article provides a Chinese perspective on the terms of China's WTO accession, highlighting the negative impact of some discriminatory conditions that China accepted in order to join the WTO on its foreign trade and global competitiveness in the last decade. The author uses the non-market economy status of China as a case study to support the argument that these discriminatory conditions imposed on China upon accession have not only impeded the healthy development of China's foreign trade, but also violated the ‘non-discrimination’ principle of the WTO.     

Domestic Openness in post-WTO China: central and local perspectives

This article seeks answers to three basic questions about the WTO's impact on domestic openness in China: is China a more open society as a result of its WTO membership; in what way has the WTO affected reform and openness; and, is WTO membership leading to political liberalization or translating into a demand for democracy as democracy advocates predicted? To this end, it identifies and analyzes the WTO-related reforms at central and local levels which have had the strongest impact thus far on openness to Chinese citizens. The analysis focuses on the reduction of the Party-state's control of economic activity as manifested in decreasing state monopoly and bureaucratic intervention in the sphere of economic activity, improved legal regulation, and increasing transparency of trade-related rules and rule-making. It argues that the varied depth and scope of the WTO's impact are attributable to differences in the congruence between the WTO principles and China's domestic political logic and the varying levels of effectiveness of external and internal pressure for change.     

中国"入世"与政治赢利

"入世"对中国政治领域将产生深刻影响,应当把政治赢利视为中国加入WTO的长远战略目标.从政治层面上说,中国"入世"后必须站在国家政治安全的高度,在争取经济赢利的同时,通过理论创新和政治体制改革等一系列战略选择,构筑起趋利避害的政治防线.     

新时期转变政府职能的经验与途径——WTO规则对转变政府职能的启示

我国入世4年,已跃居为世界第三贸易大国。但我国政府在履行入世承诺的同时,尚需借助WTO之推动力,主动转变政府职能,力求经济体制和行政体制改革两相提升。文章结合新时期的工作和任务,在对WTO关于政府义务的规则作分析后,认为应该借助WTO规则推动我国政府职能继续转变。     

加入WTO与发展广西服务业

加入WTO将促进广西工农业发展加快 ,既使广西社会就业压力加大 ,又给广西服务业发展带来了新的机遇 ,广西发展服务业更有意义。要大力发展服务业 ,广西必须抓住重点 ,大力发展优势产业 ,同时 ,按照WTO规则并结合广西实际 ,采取有力的配套措施 ,全方位促进广西服务业发展。     

Trading and Trending

December 11, 2021, marks the 20th anniversary of China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO). Over the past 20 years, China has won? widespread? recognition? for honoring its commitments to and ob-ligations under the WTO, becoming a country that practices and defends globalization.     

The Politics of Compliance with Adverse WTO Dispute Settlement Rulings in China

Starting from 2004, China's trading partners, in particular the United States, have increasingly utilized the World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement system (DSS) to challenge China's trade-related measures. As a major player in world trade, how China responds to adverse rulings is not only important to its trading partners, but also for the future of the international trade regime. China has thus far held a relatively good compliance record when facing adverse panel and/or Appellate Body rulings, except for the recent delay in full compliance in China—Publications and Audiovisual Products. Through examining the factors affecting China's decision making when targeted in a WTO dispute, this article finds that, in general, China is highly motivated to comply with the WTO DSS due to the reputational costs of noncompliance. Nevertheless, the recent delay in compliance in China—Publications and Audiovisual Products also demonstrates that successful implementation could be impeded by certain politically influential interest groups, especially when the measure at dispute is politically sensitive.     

中国法律服务市场开放问题浅析

法律服务市场开放问题属于<服务贸易总协定>(CATS)的调整范围.在GATS框架下,各国法律服务市场开放主要面临三种障碍,即市场准入障碍、国民待遇障碍和政策障碍.开放法律服务市场是我国履行世贸组织下的具体承诺的必然要求和表现,但我国也应充分利用GATS的规则,采取逐步开放的政策,最大限度地为我国的法律服务市场提供保护.     

A Due Regard for Multilateralism

A World Trade Organization (WTO) arbitrator on January 26 ruled on the case of the United States—Countervailing Duty Measures on Certain Products From China, determining that China may impose trade retaliations against the U.S. with respect to trade in goods in the amount of$645 million annually given the U.S. failure to comply with a WTO ruling in force. China now urges the U.S. to take immediate action to right its wrongs in trade remedy investigations targeting China.     

论中国加入世界贸易组织后政府的责任和职能

加入世界贸易组织对我国政府的责任和职能提出了更高的要求。按照世界贸易组织的规则调整和规范政府职责 ,是我国经济改革和制度创新的一项紧迫的任务。为此 ,必须搞好政府部门自身的建设 ,规范并充分发挥政府的各项职能 ,提高政府的效率 ,以迎接新的机遇和挑战 ,推动我国的经济发展和社会进步。     

The Social and Political Implications of China's WTO Membership

China will join the WTO soon. This article does not question the rationale of China's decision to join the WTO; nor does it challenge the premise that, all in all, the potential benefits from WTO membership outweigh the potential costs, at least in the long term. Rather, it focuses on the social and political implications of China's WTO membership. It is assumed that even if WTO membership is potentially a productivity-enhancing move for China, the benefits and costs of such a change will not be evenly distributed. Unless there is a mechanism that can induce or force the winners to compensate the losers, distributive conflicts between the two groups will be inevitable. Such conflicts may weaken or even erode political support for globalization. Thus, to remain committed to globalization, the government of an open economy must play a role in redistributing gains and costs. The first section elaborates this analytical framework. The second section argues that Chinese reforms have changed from a win‐win game to a zero-sum game. As a result, China has turned itself from a relatively egalitarian society into one with huge and growing inequalities. The third section analyzes who will stand to win and lose when China joins the WTO. It predicts that precisely those social groups who have borne the costs of recent reforms will be hit hardest. More significantly, those losers happen to be the social groups that have long served as the political bases of the communist regime. WTO membership thus poses a challenge to the legitimacy of the Chinese government. The final section discusses the political implications of China's WTO membership.     

WT0的理解与经济法改革

中国加入WTO,无论是对国际经济秩序还是国内经济秩序的发展都是一件重大事件。加入WTO要用尽WTO的权利才能尽最大可能促进我国的社会主义市场化改革的进行。而应对WTO挑战和抓住机遇的基础是对WTO有一个正确的认识。本文分析了对WTO的认识及国内经济法改革的必要性,并提出了相应的对策。     

新形势下我国农业补贴政策的思考

本文以我国加入WTO后农业发展的新形势为背景,对我国农业补贴政策的政策制定、实施效果、制约因素和完善途径进行探讨。农业的弱质性和重要性是我国农业补贴政策实施的两大主要根源。新形势下,农业补贴政策发挥增产增收的作用初步显现,但还存在着补贴结构不合理、补贴方式不合理、政策空间利用不充分、管理体制分散、制度和法律保障缺失等制约因素。要充分发挥农业补贴政策的作用,必须在WTO框架内有针对性地完善现有的农业补贴政策,以更好地达到预期的政策效果。     

入世后加快我国私营经济发展的对策思考

当前我国私营经济的发展尚缺乏公平的竞争环境 ,企业的内部治理也存在着诸多问题。加入WTO将给私营经济的发展创造更公平的竞争环境和广阔的发展空间。入世后 ,私营企业将是我国参与国际竞争的重要生力军。