Analysis of off-farm work decisions among smallholder farm households in Burkina Faso

This article investigates off-farm work decisions by smallholder farm households. Using data on 1,101 households from Burkina Faso, it demonstrates that in addition to the usual household socio-demographic characteristics, remittances, access to information and beneficiary of specific training affect off-farm work decisions, as well as rainfall factors and idiosyncratic health shocks. Community characteristics such as accessibility and number of inhabitants are also key factors. While suggesting that off-farm work is less likely to be undertaken for accumulation purposes, these results have important policy implications. In particular, policy measures should consider each segment as a separate entity.     

What do forensic analysts consider relevant to their decision making?

In response to research demonstrating that irrelevant contextual information can bias forensic science analyses, authorities have increasingly urged laboratories to limit analysts' access to irrelevant and potentially biasing information (Dror and Cole (2010) [3]; National Academy of Sciences (2009) [18]; President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (2016) [22]; UK Forensic Science Regulator (2015) [26]). However, a great challenge in implementing this reform is determining which information is task-relevant and which is task-irrelevant. In the current study, we surveyed 183 forensic analysts to examine what they consider relevant versus irrelevant in their forensic analyses. Results revealed that analysts generally do not regard information regarding the suspect or victim as essential to their analytic tasks. However, there was significant variability among analysts within and between disciplines. Findings suggest that forensic science disciplines need to agree on what they regard as task-relevant before context management procedures can be properly implemented. The lack of consensus about what is relevant information not only leaves room for biasing information, but also reveals foundational gaps in what analysts consider crucial in forensic decision making.     

差异与成因：两大法系消极公诉权之评析——兼及我国消极公诉权之完善

消极公诉权在公诉权理论中占有极为重要的地位 ,两大法系都对之作出了积极的肯定 ,并在立法上作出了相应的规定。但是 ,两大法系对消极公诉权的规定又显示出了巨大的差异 ,这种差异是由于两大法系在国家政治哲学、法律传统、诉讼理念等方面的区别而造成的。本文分析了两者的差异 ,并对我国消极公诉权的完善提出了意见     

论两岸经济关系发展的状况、特征和走向

两岸经济关系问题，是两岸关系的重要组成部分和基础。经过近20年的发展，大陆已成为台湾的第一大贸易伙伴和第一大顺差来源地，台商对大陆投资的数量强劲增长，区域相对集中，单体规模加大，增资扩股较多，且由出口加工型向市场占领型拓展，劳动密集型向技术资金密集型拓展，第二产业向一、三产业拓展。两岸产业正由“垂直分工”向“水平分工”转变。究其原因，互补互利是基础，依存依赖是原动力，经济全球化是外在力量，地缘亲缘是人力量。入世后，两岸经济关系将有新的发展，近期而言，两岸贸易和投资将进一步增长，两岸投资将向科技型、服务型、内销型、双向型转变。远期而言，将加快两岸经济一体化的进程，并逐步架构“大中国自由贸易区”。     

美国工会对中美经贸关系的影响

近年来,美国工会对国际经贸乃至世界经济的影响日益凸现,我国政府和企业应积极采取相应措施积极应对。本文分析了美国工会的特点及对中美经贸活动的影响,并提出了一些应对之策。     

试论竞争政策与贸易政策的关系

竞争政策与贸易政策都是基本的经济政策,并且在主要方面都体现为相应的经济法律制度.在现代社会,竞争政策与自由贸易政策在追求的目标和面临的现实条件方面具有一致性,在功能上具有相互促进和补充的作用,但是两者在作用的领域、价值观念和取向以及具体处理和作用的方式等方面存在内在的差异性和潜在的冲突.     

试论依法管理出入境行为与打击非法移民活动

对公民出入境的严格控制政策作为一项对付非法移民活动的主要管理措施,事实上并未对非法移民起到真正的打击作用,反倒日益显露出诸多弊端,成为当前我国公安出入境管理提高总体水平并与国际接轨的障碍。在我国深入实施依法治国方略和加入世贸组织的大形势下,如何做到既能保护公民的出国(境)合法权益,又能有效遏制非法移民活动,我们认为,从源头入手,尽快实现对出入境行为的依法管理是其中的一项重要措施。     

未来社会新的发展观探祈

确立未来社会新的发展观是面向21世纪全人类无法回避的课题。未来社会新的发展观的基本取向是 :从改造自然、技术、环境等转向改变人类自己。     

浅论政府对投资风险产业的政策取向

由于风险投资产业在经济发展中所起的作用日益突出,政府有必要在政策上对他们予以扶持。本文从创造有效竞争的制度环境,建立高效率的价格管理体制,注意产业的整体规划和协调发展等几方面论述了政府应起的作用。