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131.
Manuel Eisner 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2009,5(2):163-183
Recent studies suggest that the reported effect sizes of prevention and intervention trials in criminology are considerably
larger when program developers are involved in a study than when trials are conducted by independent researchers. This paper
examines the possibility that these differences may be due to systematic bias related to conflict of interest. A review of
the evidence shows that the possibility of a substantial problem cannot be currently rejected. Based on a theoretical model
about how conflict of interest may influence research findings, the paper proposes several strategies to examine empirically
the extent of systematic bias related to conflict of interest. It also suggests that, in addition to improved standards for
conducting and publishing future experimental studies, more research is needed on the extent of systematic bias in the existing
body of literature.
相似文献
Manuel EisnerEmail: |
132.
Juan Dios de Montoro Pons Manuel Cuadrado García 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2008,26(2):153-173
This article aims at identifying differences in copyright protection in prerecorded music markets, and more specifically the
impact of the legal system on the demand for original music CDs. To this end, we use a panel of 28 OECD countries in the period
1999–2005. After testing alternative specifications, our results show that differences in legal origin lead to differences
in intellectual property rights enforcement. Our results also consistent with previous studies that find that common law countries
have more secure property rights.
相似文献
Juan Dios de Montoro PonsEmail: |
133.
André Freire Marco Lisi Ioannis Andreadis José Manuel Leite Viegas 《South European society & politics》2014,19(4):413-433
The emergence of the economic and financial crisis has already shown important electoral and political consequences in southern Europe. Drawing on the experience of two bailed-out countries, Greece and Portugal, we use original data collected before and after 2008 to examine how patterns of political representation have changed during this period. We argue that austerity measures have significantly affected the way MPs represent their electorates, namely in terms of policy congruence. In addition, the economic crisis has also deepened the legitimacy crisis in both countries. Finally, we find that the short-term impact of the crisis has had a greater impact on voters' attitudes than on those of their representatives. 相似文献
134.
135.
Our article attempts to explain the differences in the extent of corruption related to urban planning in three Spanish local settings, all of them being important touristic resorts: Marbella, a municipality in the Costa del Sol with a very high level of corruption; Lanzarote, in the Canary islands with a high incidence of corruption despite its pioneering role in establishing innovative policies to limit urban (touristic) growth; and Menorca, in the Balearic Islands where corruption has been very low. We argue that the explanations focusing on the different features of the local integrity systems (LISs) face difficulties to account for the variations in the incidence of corruption across these Spanish municipalities: despite some interesting differences, the LIS of the cases considered is basically quite similar. Thus, we turn to the analysis of social values and social expectations on the political system by local citizens, testing whether a different set of citizens’ values and expectations on the behavior of local decision makers may explain this local variation in corruption practices. The article presents the results of a public opinion survey on values and expectations administered in the three cases. Against our expectations and the literature on the topic, no significant difference in shared social values and expectations has been found. The article shows that, as for an empirically tested explanation of the cross-local variations in the degree of urban corruption in Spain, the jury is still out. 相似文献
136.
Cern Karolina M. Aroso Linhares José Manuel Wojciechowski Bartosz 《International Journal for the Semiotics of Law》2020,33(1):3-15
International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique - The chief concern of the paper is to initiate discussion on the difference between the private... 相似文献
137.
138.
Ingrid Obsuth Aja Louise Murray Tina Malti Philippe Sulger Denis Ribeaud Manuel Eisner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2017,46(8):1661-1687
Previous research suggests a link between the quality of teacher–student relationships and the students’ behavioral outcomes; however, the observational nature of past studies makes it difficult to attribute a causal role to the quality of these relationships. In the current study, therefore, we used a propensity score analysis approach to evaluate whether students who were matched on their propensity to experience a given level of relationship quality but differed on their actual relationship quality diverged on their concurrent and subsequent problem and prosocial behavior. Student/self, teacher, and parent- (only waves 1–3) reported data from 8 waves of the Zurich Project on the Social Development of Children and Youths (z-proso), a longitudinal study of Swiss youth among a culturally diverse sample of 7- to 15-year-olds were utilized. The initial sample included 1483 (49.4 % female) students for whom information relevant for this study was available. The sample represented families from around 80 different countries, from across all the continents; with approximately 42 % of the female primary caregivers having been born in Switzerland. Following successful matching, we found that students who reported better relationships with their teachers and whose teachers reported better relationships with them evidenced fewer problem behaviors concurrently and up to 4 years later. There was also evidence for an analogous effect in predicting prosocial behavior. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to prevention and intervention practices. 相似文献
139.
Credible commitment without independent regulatory agent: Evidence from the Security Council's United Nations Compensation Commission 下载免费PDF全文
Credible commitment problems arise whenever decisions made according to short‐term incentives undermine long‐term policy goals. While political actors can credibly commit themselves to their long‐term policy goals by delegating decisions to independent regulatory agencies, the member states of international institutions rarely sacrifice control over regulatory decisions. Against the backdrop of the United Nations Compensation Commission established by the Security Council to settle claims on damage from the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait, we present an institutional arrangement that promises to credibly commit member states to their previously defined interests without excluding them from the decision process. It separates the stages of rulemaking and rule application, and is reinforced by conditional agenda‐setting of an advisory body. We probe the theoretical claim with evidence from a unique data set that shows that the Commission settled compensation claims in a remarkably consistent way. The arrangement provides a blueprint for comparable regulatory tasks in many areas of international, European, or domestic politics, in which independent regulation is not feasible. 相似文献
140.
Manuel Hidalgo 《Electoral Studies》2011,30(4):872-875