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991.
Ellen Reitz Peter Prinzie Maja Deković Kirsten L. Buist 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(5):623-634
The purpose of the present study was to examine the direct and indirect effects (through peer contacts) of parental knowledge
on adolescents’ delinquent and aggressive problem behavior, using latent growth curve modeling. A sample of 457 13- to 14-year
old adolescents at first measurement wave (M=13.27; SD=0.45 years) filled out questionnaires about their parents, peers, and problem behavior three times with 1-year
intervals in between. Regarding initial levels of behavior, both direct and indirect effects of parental knowledge were found
on aggressive as well as on delinquent behavior. When the rate of change in behaviors was considered, only direct effects
were found for both types of problem behavior, whereas indirect effects were absent. Gender differences were also found, with
stronger effects of parenting on both aggressive and delinquent problem behavior for boys and stronger effects of peer contacts
on aggressive behavior for girls. The present study shows that different behaviors of the externalizing spectrum have different
trajectories and diverse relations with parenting and should not be treated as identical.
相似文献
Kirsten L. BuistEmail: |
992.
Eva -Maria Annerbäck Carl -Göran Svedin Per A. Gustafsson 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(2):165-172
Minor child physical abuse has decreased in Sweden since 1979, when a law banning corporal punishment of children was passed,
but more serious forms have not decreased. The aim of this study was to examine risk and background factors in cases of severe
child abuse reported to the police. Files from different agencies (e.g., Social services, Adult and Child psychiatry and Pediatric
clinic) for 20 children and 34 caretakers were studied. An accumulation of risk factors was found. It is concluded that when
the following four factors are present, there is a risk for severe child abuse: 1) a person with a tendency to use violence
in conflict situations; 2) a strong level of stress on the perpetrator and the family; 3) an insufficient social network that
does not manage to protect the child; 4) a child that does not manage to protect him or herself. Thus, multiple sources of
information must be used when investigating child abuse. 相似文献
993.
Ian A. Elliott Hilary J. Eldridge Sherry Ashfield Anthony R. Beech 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(6):595-602
Despite nearly a century of knowledge indicating a significant number of women engaging in sexual activities with children,
the phenomenon has not yet been fully acknowledged. Recently, however, there has been a marked increase in research in this
area. However, due to the relatively small numbers of detections or convictions there remains a lack of data regarding: (1)
the specific clinical characteristics of female sex offenders; and (2) how these clinical factors link to re-offending and
treatment need. The following study examines potential risk, protective, and treatment factors that are highlighted through
the process of clinical intervention, using an adapted version of the Beech and Ward (2004) risk framework. We describe how female sex offenders typically display clinical deficits in the same risk domains as their
male counterparts, while noting the ways in which these deficits manifest in this population. In addition, we compare these
vulnerability factors in four established types of female sex offender. 相似文献
994.
Although child neglect and substance abuse co-occur in greater than 60% of child protective service cases, intervention outcome
studies are deplorably lacking. Therefore, a home-based Family Behavior Therapy is described in the treatment of a woman evidencing
child neglect, substance dependence, domestic violence and other co-occurring problems. Treatment included contingency management,
self control, stimulus control, communication and child management skills training exercises, and financial management components.
Results indicated improvements in child abuse potential, home hazards, domestic violence, and drug use, which were substantiated
by objective urinalysis testing, and tours of her home. Validity checks indicated the participant was being truthful in her
responses to standardized questionnaires, and assessors were “blind” to study intent. Limitations (i.e., lack of experimental
control and follow-up data collection) of this case example are discussed in light of these results. 相似文献
995.
Communication behaviors, while extensively studied within the marital field, have received only peripheral attention in violent
dating relationships. The purpose of this research was to better establish empirical continuity between the marital and dating
literatures by exploring communication variables that have been identified in marital relationships broadly and their self-reported
manifestation in violent dating relationships. Using Gottman’s (1999) marital communication conceptualization, individuals were assessed on adaptive and maladaptive communication variables and
relationship aggression. Results suggested that negative communication behaviors were associated with, and predicted, aggression
in participants’ dating relationships, consistent with findings from the marital literature. However, repair attempts, generally
considered an adaptive communication behavior, predicted aggression victimization. Implications and how these data fit within
the context of recent research on positive marital communication behaviors are explored. 相似文献
996.
This study examined associations between physical, psychological, and sexual intimate partner aggression (IPA) perpetration
during the first year of marriage (T1) and victim marital satisfaction one (T2) and two (T3) years later among a sample of
202 newlywed couples. Prevalence rates of all forms of IPA were consistent with those documented in prior research. Higher
levels of all types of IPA generally were associated with lower victim marital satisfaction at all time points, when controlling
for initial levels of satisfaction. Couples who reported severe bidirectional psychological IPA demonstrated lower husband
and wife marital satisfaction at T2 and lower husband satisfaction at T3 than couples who reported husband-only, wife-only,
or no psychological IPA. Analyses examining the relative predictive abilities of all forms of IPA perpetration showed that
psychological IPA was the most consistent unique contributor of victim marital satisfaction. Study findings highlight the
importance of psychological IPA, in addition to physical IPA, in examinations of correlates of marital satisfaction. 相似文献
997.
To systematically review the worldwide evidence on the prevalence of domestic violence against women, to evaluate the quality
of studies, and to account for variation in prevalence between studies, using consistent definitions and explicit, rigorous
methods. Systematic review of prevalence studies on domestic violence against women. Literature searches of 6 databases were
undertaken for the period 1995 to 2006. Medline, Embase, Cinahl, ASSIA, ISI, and International Bibliography of the Social
Sciences were searched, supplemented by hand searching of the reference lists from studies retrieved and specialized interdisciplinary
journals on violence. A total of 134 studies in English on the prevalence of domestic violence against women, including women
aged 18 to 65 years, but excluding women with specific disabilities or diseases, containing primary, empirical research data,
were included in the systematic review. Studies were scored on eight pre-determined criteria and stratified according to the
total quality score. The majority of the sudies were conducted in North America (41%), followed by Europe (20%). 56% of studies
were population-based, and 17% were carried out either in primary or community health care settings. There was considerable
heterogeneity both between and within geographical locations, health care settings, and study quality The prevalence of lifetime
domestic violence varies from 1.9% in Washington, US, to 70% in Hispanic Latinas in Southeast US. Only 12% scored a maximum
of 8 on our quality criteria, with 27% studies scored 7, and 17% scored 6. The mean lifetime prevalence of all types of violence
was found to be highest in studies conducted in psychiatric and obstetric/gynecology clinics. Results of this review emphasize
that violence against women has reached epidemic proportions in many societies. Accurate measurement of the prevalence of
domestic violence remains problematic and further culturally sensitive research is required to develop more effective preventive
policies and programs. 相似文献
998.
999.
Assessing the Relative Importance of the Child Sexual Abuse Interview Protocol Items to Assist Child Victims in Abuse Disclosure 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study identifies (1) the importance of using the Child Sexual Abuse Interview Protocol for multiple disciplines to obtain
detailed information of what the alleged child victims say and claim, and (2) the concurrence of multiple professionals about
the relevance of items in the protocol in their practice. A survey with 100 items based on the Child Sexual Abuse Interview
Protocol was self administered by 36 professionals working at a child advocacy center including administrators, attorneys,
child advocates, support persons, physicians, police, psychologists, and social workers. These respondents unanimously felt
it was very important for interviewers to complete two specific items during the course of an investigative interview: “showing the interviewer
is listening to the child” and “showing patience with the child.” As indicated by the average rating scores, 89 items were
perceived between very important and important, and nine items as somewhat important. No item on this scale was rated as doesn’t matter or unimportant. Social workers and police officers did not differ significantly in their ratings of the importance of these items. Both
quantitative and qualitative results support four major considerations when using an interview guide: 1) flexibility in opening
and closing the interview, 2) professional and appropriate use of the anatomical dolls, 3) assessment of the age and mental
state of the child, and 4) determination of the order of questions based on severity of incidents. This study provides data
to identify the importance of using a comprehensive interview protocol for multidisciplinary professionals who work with alleged
victims of child sexual abuse. The use of these 100 items will enhance the effectiveness of conducting a one-time interview
to avoid repeated interviews. This study that was originally aimed at comparing differences among professionals has, in fact,
demonstrated the similarities across disciplines, as agreement among various professional groups was substantial. This finding
dissolves the myth that multiple disciplines brought forth diverse opinions and instead encourages the “working together”
concept of a team. 相似文献
1000.
Egbert Zavala 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(1):23-31
This study examines the role that deviance plays in reducing the willingness of victims of violence to report to the authorities.
Using data from several thousand individuals in the United States, the author found conditional support for the deviance/reporting
link. For instance, victims using drugs were no more or less likely to report than those who did not use drugs. But if they
were high or drunk during the victimization, they were less likely to report. 相似文献