Die Kolonien in Europa

Ohne Zusammenfassung

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Managing incidental findings in human subjects research: analysis and recommendations.

No consensus yet exists on how to handle incidental findings (IFs) in human subjects research. Yet empirical studies document IFs in a wide range of research studies, where IFs are findings beyond the aims of the study that are of potential health or reproductive importance to the individual research participant. This paper reports recommendations of a two-year project group funded by NIH to study how to manage IFs in genetic and genomic research, as well as imaging research. We conclude that researchers have an obligation to address the possibility of discovering IFs in their protocol and communications with the IRB, and in their consent forms and communications with research participants. Researchers should establish a pathway for handling IFs and communicate that to the IRB and research participants. We recommend a pathway and categorize IFs into those that must be disclosed to research participants, those that may be disclosed, and those that should not be disclosed.     

Using GIS to evaluate post-release prisoner services in Newark, New Jersey

Discharge planning is increasingly prioritized by correctional systems in order to prepare prisoners for their reintegration into society. A goal of discharge planning is to link prisoners with appropriate service providers in the community to meet their needs. A successful discharge plan requires that an optimal level of services exist and work in a coordinated and collaborative way in order to ensure a continuum of care and treatment during the reentry process (Queralt & Witte, 1999). This study utilized Geographic Information System (GIS) to assess the size, demographic characteristics, and needs of the Newark, New Jersey parolee population with the availability, location, and characteristics of health and human service agencies servicing their needs. A random sample of parolees (N = 800) released in 2006 was selected for this study. Social service agency data were obtained from an on-line service agency data base. Results of the analysis include the degree of spatial distribution, accessibility, and availability of services to where the parolees live and the degree of spatial overlap of specific services in an area.     

Zurechnung des Verkäufers bei Einwendung gegen finanzierenden Leasinggeber

Beim mittelbaren Finanzierungsleasing ist der Vertreter einer Verk?uferfirma (= Lieferantin des Leasinggutes), der auch Vertragsformulare der Leasingfirma mit sich führt, auch Mann ihres Vertrauens im Hinblick auf die richtige übermittlung der Anbot- und Annahmeerkl?rungen den Leasingvertrag betreffend. Zur Gew?hrleistung und dem (Nicht-)Bestehen eines Einwendungsdurchgriffs beim mittelbaren Finanzierungsleasing.     

Rechtliche Handlungsmöglichkeiten zur Offenhaltung der Landschaft – am Beispiel Baden-Württembergs

Zusammenfassung  Viele l?ndliche Regionen sind mit einer Ausdehnung der Waldfl?chen konfrontiert. Dies wird vor allem dann als problematisch empfunden, wenn die betroffenen R?ume bereits waldreich sind. Zur Steuerung der Waldzunahmedynamik bieten sich verschiedene rechtliche Instrumente an, deren Potenziale derzeit nicht voll ausgesch?pft werden. Weiterentwicklungsm?glichkeiten bestehen insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Normen zur Aufforstungsgenehmigung. Hier ist ein grunds?tzlicher normativer Paradigmenwechsel denkbar. Neureglungen k?nnten aber auch über die Einrichtung einer Experimentiergesetzgebung zun?chst beispielhaft erprobt werden. Der Beitrag entwickelt zudem einen Leitfaden für die Beurteilung einer “erheblichen Beeintr?chtigung des Landschaftsbilds”, einem bisher nicht ausreichend konkretisierten Versagungsgrund für eine Aufforstungsgenehmigung.     

Besprechungen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Flourishing retail in the post-soviet sphere? Potentials and constraints of small-scale retail activities in rural Kyrgyzstan

The demise of the USSR led to the collapse of its centrally organised retail system. With this collapse the supply of consumer goods dried up, especially in the remote parts of the former USSR. At the same time the advent of capitalism offered a new institutional framework for independent retail activities. In the Kyrgyz Republic, where the economic liberalisation followed strictly the Washington Consensus, a large number of small shops emerged in both urban and rural areas. This study analyses the reasons for this boom in retail start-ups as well as the constraints the mainly inexperienced merchants encounter. As will be shown, any success in retail activities depends greatly on the performance of other economic sectors. The main goal of starting a retail business is to minimize risks within the overall livelihood strategies of households in rural Kyrgyzstan.