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This article focuses on the implementation of the federal law on unemployment insurance (LACI) by the Swiss cantons. Starting in the mid 90s, the second revision of the LACI reformed the Swiss labour market policy. Resulting from a political compromise at the federal parliament between left and right wing parties, this law juxtaposes instruments of reinsertion of the unemployed into the labour market with instruments of control of the unemployed. Thus, the implementation of this federal law varies not only by the degree of application but also by the orientation of application. Some cantons implement the reinsertion instruments and neglect the control instruments, others make intensive use of the control instruments and neglect the reinsertion instruments. Some cantons make an intensive use of both types of instruments while a last group of cantons implements the law in a very sketchy way. The second part of this article deals with the concept of policy style, operationalised around four variables, as an explanation of the diversity of LACI cantonal implementation modes. One quantitative variable—the scope of state intervention—is statistically tested in the entire range of Swiss cantons. The other variables—style of state intervention, co‐ordination and interaction modes of social actors and the main traits of the regional political culture—are examined in six cantonal case studies of the LACI implementation process. 相似文献
54.
Bo Carlsson Monica Dumitriu Jeffrey T. Glass Craig Allen Nard Richard Barrett 《The Journal of Technology Transfer》2008,33(6):549-559
This paper examines intellectual property (IP) management in U.S. companies and addresses three questions: What are typical sources of IP? How do companies manage IP? What role do donations of IP play in IP management? We used in-depth interviews and an on-line survey to gather data. We found that firms develop their IP position from a wide variety of sources such as joint ventures, acquisitions, and consulting contracts, but internal development is still the primary source of IP. Organizationally, three structural archetypes of IP management were identified: a centralized structure, a purely decentralized IP structure and a compromise structure involving a divisional assignment where a multi-business unit or division committee oversees IP. IP donations clearly do not appear to be a major phenomenon at the present time. Our survey results suggest that tax benefits are an important driver and that recent tax law changes have diminished the incentives to donate IP. The uncertainty of tax benefits and the costs associated with IP valuation appear to be the main disincentives. 相似文献
55.
Diane Hughes Carolin Hagelskamp Niobe Way Monica D. Foust 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(5):605-626
The current study examined relationships between adolescents’ and mothers’ reports of ethnic-racial socialization and adolescents’
ethnic-racial identity. The sample included 170 sixth graders (49% boys, 51% girls) and their mothers, all of whom identified
as Black, Puerto Rican, Dominican, or Chinese. Two dimensions of ethnic-racial socialization (cultural socialization and preparation
for bias) were evaluated alongside three dimensions of ethnic-racial identity (exploration, affirmation and belonging, and
behavioral engagement). Mothers’ reports of their cultural socialization predicted adolescents’ reports, but only adolescents’
reports predicted adolescents’ ethnic-racial identity processes. Mothers’ reports of preparation for bias predicted boys’
but not girls’ reports of preparation for bias. Again, only adolescents’ reports of preparation for bias predicted their ethnic-racial
identity. Thus, several gender differences in relationships emerged, with mothers’ and adolescents’ perceptions of cultural
socialization, in particular, playing a more important role in girls’ than in boys’ identity processes. We discuss the implications
of these findings for future research.
Diane Hughes is Professor of Applied Psychology in the Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development at New York University. There, she is co-director of the doctoral training program in Psychology and Social Intervention and of the Center for Research on Culture, Development, and Education. She received her B.A. from Williams College and her Ph.D. from the University of Michigan in Community and Developmental Psychology. Her research focuses on ecological influences on parenting and socialization processes among ethnic minority families. She has authored numerous articles and special journal issues devoted to identifying cultural knowledge and the use of culturally anchored methods, and has studied issues of special relevance to ethnic minority populations including racial discrimination and ethnic-racial socialization. She is currently co-chair of the cross-university study group on race, culture and ethnicity. Her research has been funded by the National Science Foundation, The National Institutes of Mental Health, the William T. Grant Foundation, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, and the Carnegie Corporation. Carolin Hagelskamp is a doctoral student in Community Psychology at New York University’s Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. She received a B.Sc from the University of Kent at Canterbury (UK), and a M.Sc from the London School of Economics and Political Sciences. She has been a senior Research Assistant at the Center for Research on Culture, Development, and Education since 2003. Her research interests are the relationships between maternal work-family experiences, adolescent development and ethnic-racial socialization across ethnically diverse urban families. Niobe Way is Professor of Applied Psychology in the Department of Applied Psychology at New York University. She is also the Director of the Developmental Psychology program and the co-director of the Center for Research on Culture, Development, and Education at NYU. She received her doctorate from the School of Education at Harvard University in Human Development and Psychology and was an NIMH postdoctoral fellow in the psychology department at Yale University. Way’s research focuses on the intersections of culture, context, and human development, with a particular focus on the social and emotional development of adolescents from low-income families. She is primarily interested in how schools and families as well as larger political and economic contexts influence the developmental trajectories of children and adolescents. Her work also focuses on adolescents’ experiences of social identities, including both their gender and ethnic identities. Way is a nationally recognized leader in the use of mixed methods; she has combined quantitative and qualitative methods to examine developmental processes during adolescence for over two decades. Way is the author of numerous books and journal articles. Her sole authored books include: “Everyday Courage: The Lives and Stories of Urban Teenagers” (NYU Press, 1998); and “Friendship among Adolescent Boys” (to be published by Harvard University Press). Her co-edited or co-authored books include: “Urban Girls: Resisting Stereotypes, Creating Identities” (NYU press, 1996); “Adolescent Boys: Exploring Diverse Cultures of Boyhood” (NYU Press, 2004), and “Growing up Fast: Transitions to Adulthood among Inner City Adolescent Mothers” (Erlbaum Press, 2001)”. The latter co-authored book (with Bonnie Leadbeater) received the Best Book Award from the Society of Research on Adolescence (2002). Her current projects focus on the influence of families and schools on the trajectories of social and emotional development among middle school students in New York City and in Nanjing, China. Her research has been funded by the National Institute of Mental Health, The National Science Foundation, The William T. Grant Foundation, The Spencer Foundation, and by numerous other smaller foundations. Monica D. Foust received her M.A. degree in Psychology from the Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development and is currently a doctoral student in Developmental Psychology at University of Michigan. Her research interests are in ethnic-racial identity development and in sexual identity development. 相似文献
Diane HughesEmail: |
Diane Hughes is Professor of Applied Psychology in the Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development at New York University. There, she is co-director of the doctoral training program in Psychology and Social Intervention and of the Center for Research on Culture, Development, and Education. She received her B.A. from Williams College and her Ph.D. from the University of Michigan in Community and Developmental Psychology. Her research focuses on ecological influences on parenting and socialization processes among ethnic minority families. She has authored numerous articles and special journal issues devoted to identifying cultural knowledge and the use of culturally anchored methods, and has studied issues of special relevance to ethnic minority populations including racial discrimination and ethnic-racial socialization. She is currently co-chair of the cross-university study group on race, culture and ethnicity. Her research has been funded by the National Science Foundation, The National Institutes of Mental Health, the William T. Grant Foundation, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, and the Carnegie Corporation. Carolin Hagelskamp is a doctoral student in Community Psychology at New York University’s Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. She received a B.Sc from the University of Kent at Canterbury (UK), and a M.Sc from the London School of Economics and Political Sciences. She has been a senior Research Assistant at the Center for Research on Culture, Development, and Education since 2003. Her research interests are the relationships between maternal work-family experiences, adolescent development and ethnic-racial socialization across ethnically diverse urban families. Niobe Way is Professor of Applied Psychology in the Department of Applied Psychology at New York University. She is also the Director of the Developmental Psychology program and the co-director of the Center for Research on Culture, Development, and Education at NYU. She received her doctorate from the School of Education at Harvard University in Human Development and Psychology and was an NIMH postdoctoral fellow in the psychology department at Yale University. Way’s research focuses on the intersections of culture, context, and human development, with a particular focus on the social and emotional development of adolescents from low-income families. She is primarily interested in how schools and families as well as larger political and economic contexts influence the developmental trajectories of children and adolescents. Her work also focuses on adolescents’ experiences of social identities, including both their gender and ethnic identities. Way is a nationally recognized leader in the use of mixed methods; she has combined quantitative and qualitative methods to examine developmental processes during adolescence for over two decades. Way is the author of numerous books and journal articles. Her sole authored books include: “Everyday Courage: The Lives and Stories of Urban Teenagers” (NYU Press, 1998); and “Friendship among Adolescent Boys” (to be published by Harvard University Press). Her co-edited or co-authored books include: “Urban Girls: Resisting Stereotypes, Creating Identities” (NYU press, 1996); “Adolescent Boys: Exploring Diverse Cultures of Boyhood” (NYU Press, 2004), and “Growing up Fast: Transitions to Adulthood among Inner City Adolescent Mothers” (Erlbaum Press, 2001)”. The latter co-authored book (with Bonnie Leadbeater) received the Best Book Award from the Society of Research on Adolescence (2002). Her current projects focus on the influence of families and schools on the trajectories of social and emotional development among middle school students in New York City and in Nanjing, China. Her research has been funded by the National Institute of Mental Health, The National Science Foundation, The William T. Grant Foundation, The Spencer Foundation, and by numerous other smaller foundations. Monica D. Foust received her M.A. degree in Psychology from the Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development and is currently a doctoral student in Developmental Psychology at University of Michigan. Her research interests are in ethnic-racial identity development and in sexual identity development. 相似文献
56.
Recent studies have identified various negative effects of public sector corruption. We add to these by considering the association between corruption and deaths due to major earthquakes. After developing a brief theoretical model of the relation between these two variables we test the proposition by analyzing 344 quakes occurring between 1975 and 2003. The empirical model takes into account the endogeneity of corruption and controls for factors, such as earthquake frequency, magnitude, distance from population centers, and a country’s level of development which influence quake destructiveness. The results indicate that public sector corruption is positively related to earthquake deaths. 相似文献
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58.
Monica Sharma 《Family Court Review》2008,46(1):198-215
In the midst of a genetic revolution in medicine, Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) has become a well‐established technique to help infertile women achieve pregnancy. But many women are now turning to ART not just to circumvent infertility, but consciously to shape their families by determining the sex of their children. Many patriarchal cultures have a gender preference for males and to date have used technological advances in reproductive medicine to predetermine the sex of the child being born. Women have sought sex‐selective abortions, where the pregnancy was being terminated solely on the basis of the sex of the unborn fetus. The combination of ART advances and gender preference has led to the disappearance of at least 100 million girls from the world's population leading to a mass gendercide. This article examines the societal impact of unbalanced gender ratios and the need to regulate sex selection to avoid nations of bachelors. 相似文献
59.
Monica A. Walker 《Law & social inquiry》1992,17(1):109-113
60.
Pearson d'Estrée Tamra Fast Larissa A. Weiss Joshua N. Jakobsen Monica S. 《Negotiation Journal》2001,17(2):101-113
This essay outlines a conceptual framework for discussing success in interactive conflict resolution and in conflict resolution efforts more generally. It first proposes reasons why evaluation is crucial for improving practice. An overview of the new framework and its development are then presented. This gives the reader a window into its construction and some of the challenges of evaluation in conflict intervention processes. Next, the uses of the framework are explained as well as how its use helps to change the debate about successful processes. Finally, this article discusses how the theoretician, practitioner, and researcher-evaluator can use this framework for their own purposes, and how evaluating processes based upon their goals helps to improve the theory, practice, and research of the field. 相似文献