关于完善地方立法质量保障体系的思考北大核心CSSCI

地方立法质量在一定意义上决定着地方社会治理的水平,也在一定程度上制约着国家治理现代化的进程。创新和完善地方立法工作,以地方立法引领地方社会治理的改革和进步,是推进地方社会治理现代化的必然选择,也是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的必然要求。如何保障地方立法质量从而保障地方社会治理水平,已经成为新时代我国地方立法工作的重大课题。完善地方立法质量保障体系,推进地方立法高质量发展,必须创新地方立法工作理念与规范,进一步明确和恪守科学民主法治总要求;创新地方立法工作体制与机制,进一步健全和完善党委领导、人大主导、政府依托、各方参与的地方立法工作总格局;创新地方立法工作体系与结构,进一步优化和完善地方立法工作总布局。另外,应当进一步加强地方立法与社会守法、党内立规的关系,以高质量的守法和立法立规一体化,推进地方立法的制度优势转化为制度实效和治理效能,从而提高地方社会治理能力和水平,为加快推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化奠定坚实基础。     

A Randomized Trial of Probation Case Management for Drug-Involved Women Offenders

This paper reports findings from a clinical trial of a probation case management (PCM) intervention for drug-involved women offenders. Participants were randomly assigned to either PCM (n=92) or standard probation (n=91), and followed for 12 months using measures of substance abuse, psychiatric symptoms, social support and service utilization. Arrest data were collected from administrative datasets. The sample (N=183) included mostly African American (57%) and White (20%) women, with a mean age of 34.7 (SD = 9.2) and mean education of 11.6 years (SD = 2.1). Cocaine and heroin were the most frequently reported drugs of abuse, 86% reported prior history of incarceration, and 74% had children. Women assigned to both PCM and standard probation showed change over time in the direction of clinical improvement on 7 of 10 outcomes measured. However, changes observed for the PCM group were no different than those observed for the standard probation group. Higher levels of case management, drug abuse treatment, and probationary supervision may be required to achieve improved outcomes in this population.     

Hostility in Homicide–Suicide Events: A Typological Analysis with Data from a Chinese Society, Hong Kong, 1989–2003

As many as one-quarter of uroxicides [Johnson and Hotton (2003) Homicide Studies 7:58–84] and filicides [Wilczynski (1997) Child Homicide, London: Greenwich Medical Media] end in the suicide of the offender. As in homicide- or suicide-only events, homicide–suicide (HS) can arise from a variety of circumstances, ranging from relationship breakdown, to financial and health problems. However, to date our understanding of this disheartening phenomenon remains limited. As an HS event comprises both a homicidal and a suicidal component, the question of whether HS is primarily an extended suicide dominated by weariness or an alternate form of homicide overwhelmed by anger is a contentious topic. This article argues that there are at least two types of HS, with one type being dominated by hostility against the victim, whilst in the other hostility is not apparent. Based on HS events that occurred between 1989 and 2003 in Hong Kong, significant differences are found between these two types of HS in terms of offender and victim characteristics, antecedent, offender–victim relationships, situational factors and modes of killing. This is the first HS typological classification built on the hostility debate that has been validated with empirical data.

Ventilatory and metabolic demands during aggressive physical restraint in healthy adults

We investigated ventilatory and metabolic demands in healthy adults when placed in the prone maximal restraint position (PMRP), i.e., hogtie restraint. Maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) was measured in seated subjects (n=30), in the PMRP, and when prone with up to 90.1 or 102.3 kg of weight on the back. MVV with the heaviest weight was 70% of the seated MVV (122+/-28 and 156+/-38 L/min, respectively; p<0.001). Also, subjects (n=27) were placed in the PMRP and struggled vigorously for 60 sec. During the restrained struggle, ventilatory function (V(E)/ MVV) was 44% of MVV in the resting PMRP. While prone with up to 90.1 or 102.3 kg on the back, the decrease in MVV was of no clinical importance in these subjects. Also, while maximally struggling in the PMRP, V(E) was still adequate to supply the ventilatory needs.     

共建经贸合作区 增强区域经济合作新动力

在中国—东盟自由贸易区建成后新的合作起点上,中国与东盟亟须另辟蹊径,拓展、深化和提升投资合作的形式、内容和效果,在更高层次、更高水平上实现互利共赢、共同发展,而共建经贸合作区就是实现这一目标的现实路径。本文通过对各类多双边合作共建经贸合作区进行研析,探讨部分先行合作区的成功经验,并提出了加强在编制发展规划、优化发展环境、建立协作机制、引导企业入驻、做好宣传推介、多渠道筹措资金等方面的合作建议。     

牛型布氏杆菌苹果酸脱氢酶单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

为制备牛型布氏杆菌(Brucella abortus)苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)单克隆抗体,将牛型布氏杆菌A19菌株的MDH基因进行克隆和表达,表达产物被纯化后作为免疫原,按常规方法免疫BALB/c小鼠。取免疫鼠脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,经亚克隆和间接ELISA筛选,最终获得3株分泌牛型布氏杆菌MDH蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞,分别被命名为C2、D5和F4。ELISA检测结果表明,3株杂交瘤细胞培养上清的抗体效价为1∶1 600～1∶3 200,小鼠腹水效价为1∶12 800～1∶25 600;Western-blot检测结果表明,3株单克隆抗体均能与牛型布氏杆菌MDH重组蛋白发生特异性反应。结果表明,本研究成功制备了牛型布氏杆菌MDH蛋白单克隆抗体,为基于MDH的布氏杆菌检测方法的建立奠定了基础。     

Class or Citizenship? Debating Workplace Conflict in China

While a new working class is in the process of remaking itself in China, the latest trend in labour studies has rejected the Marxist tradition which sees the social relations of production as the point of departure for analysing workplace conflict. According to the new current, influenced by post-structuralism, class is only one of the identities articulated by workers, and it can be understood only with reference to their discourses. By critically evaluating an important book by Ching Kwan Lee (Against the Law: Labor Protests in China's Rustbelt and Sunbelt), this article suggests that her approach generalising workers' protests with the notion of citizenship cannot satisfactorily explain the changing pattern of labour protests in China since 2004. By using fieldwork data and connecting the analysis of the social relations of production with the changing patterns of workers' struggle, this paper argues that migrant workers protests are a significant part of the emerging class conflict in China.