Characterization of Printing Inks Using DART‐Q‐TOF‐MS and Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) FTIR

The rise in improved and widely accessible printing technology has resulted in an interest to develop rapid and minimally destructive chemical analytical techniques that can characterize printing inks for forensic document analysis. Chemical characterization of printing inks allows for both discrimination of inks originating from different sources and the association of inks originating from the same source. Direct analysis in real‐time mass spectrometry (DART‐MS) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR) were used in tandem to analyze four different classes of printing inks: inkjets, toners, offset, and intaglio. A total of 319 samples or ~ 80 samples from each class were analyzed directly on a paper substrate using the two methods. DART‐MS was found to characterize the semi‐volatile polymeric vehicle components, while ATR‐FTIR provided chemical information associated with the bulk components of these inks. Complimentary data results in improved discrimination when both techniques are used in succession resulting in >96% discrimination for all toners, 95% for all inkjets, >92% for all offset, and >54% for all intaglio inks.     

A Novel Forensic Tool for the Characterization and Comparison of Printing Ink Evidence: Development and Evaluation of a Searchable Database Using Data Fusion of Spectrochemical Methods

A searchable printing ink database was designed and validated as a tool to improve the chemical information gathered from the analysis of ink evidence. The database contains 319 samples from printing sources that represent some of the global diversity in toner, inkjet, offset, and intaglio inks. Five analytical methods were used to generate data to populate the searchable database including FTIR, SEM‐EDS, LA‐ICP‐MS, DART‐MS, and Py‐GC‐MS. The search algorithm based on partial least‐squares discriminant analysis generates a similarity “score” used for the association between similar samples. The performance of a particular analytical method to associate similar inks was found to be dependent on the ink type with LA‐ICP‐MS performing best, followed by SEM‐EDS and DART‐MS methods, while FTIR and Py‐GC‐MS were less useful in association but were still useful for classification purposes. Data fusion of data collected from two complementary methods (i.e., LA‐ICP‐MS and DART‐MS) improves the classification and association of similar inks.     

‘I Think it Just Made Everything Very Much More Intense’: A Qualitative Secondary Analysis Exploring The Role Of Friends and Family Providing Support to Survivors of Domestic Abuse During The COVID-19 Pandemic

Journal of Family Violence - The COVID-19 pandemic, and associated social restrictions, have amplified women’s experiences of domestic abuse (DA). In usual times, female DA survivors reach...     

Wiltshire Council v Cooper Estates Strategic Land Ltd: Development Plans and the Restriction of Town and Village Green Applications

The Court of Appeal has, for the first time, considered the scheme of ‘trigger events’ introduced in the Growth and Infrastructure Act 2013 which preclude the registration of land as a town or village green (or TVG). The event in question concerned identification for potential development in a development plan document. The court was required to determine what constitutes ‘identification for potential development’ for the purposes of the statute. This note suggests that the court's interpretation of ‘identification for potential development’ is unconvincing, and was motivated primarily by policy: to render it more difficult to register land as a TVG. It argues that the judgment constitutes a further and significant restriction on the future viability of TVG applications, rendering entire settlements liable to lose the application of TVG law.     

Fiscal Crisis and Community Development: The Great Recession,Support Networks,and Community Development Corporation Capacity

Community development corporations (CDC) are a cornerstone of neighborhood improvement in legacy cities. Yet they face challenges that threaten their financial sustainability, challenges that grew exponentially with the Great Recession. This article examines the impact of the Great Recession on the revenue and survival of CDC in Baltimore, Maryland; Cleveland, Ohio; and Detroit, Michigan. An analysis of financial data from the National Center for Charitable Statistics from 2004 to 2011 highlights issues of industry contraction, revenue concentration and loss, and CDC survival. Interviews and examination of multiple secondary sources of information on CDC activity and support networks in each city further our understanding of the financial results. We find that the CDC industry in all three cities was severely impacted by the Great Recession and that the CDC support networks in each city had a significant intervening effect on the ability of CDC to adapt to the fiscal and service pressures created by the recession. We discuss the implications of the shared trends and the city-specific dynamics for the role of CDC in neighborhood improvement in legacy cities.     

Understandable Failure: The Eisenhower Administration's Strategic Goals in Iraq, 1953-1958

The present article contends that while the United States did not link Iraq to the West in a Northern Tier alliance aimed at containing the Soviet Union, the failure to do so was not principally a result of mistakes made by Washington. American actions in Iraq were constrained by the competing imperial ambitions of the United Kingdom and by the regional political goals of the Iraqi monarchy. The criticism that the Eisenhower administration undermined the stability of the Iraqi monarchy by not supplying it with sufficient aid, and encouraging it to join the unpopular Baghdad Pact ignores the importance that Britain and the Iraqi government itself had on fate of the Iraqi monarchy.     

Unintended Consequences: Implications of the 2014 Australian Defence Force Pay Deal

The Workplace Remuneration Arrangement agreed between the Australian Government and the Australian Defence Force (ADF) provides for a 4.5% pay over 3 years for ADF personnel. This article makes use of the concept of the psychological contract to argue that this pay deal represents a breach of the Australian Government's obligations towards ADF personnel that is likely to have unintended consequences for their long‐term commitment to their ADF careers.     

Sport on the snowline

Japanese Expansion on the Asiatic Continent. Vol. II. By Yoshi S. Kuno. University of California Press and Cambridge University Press. 24s.

A Key to Victory. By Lieut.‐Colonel C. Garsia, D.S.O., M.C.. with a foreword by Field‐Marshal Sir Philip Chetwode, Bart., G.C.B., O.M., G.C.S.I., K.C.M.G., D.S.O. 8 1/2” x 5 1/2”. Pp. xvii + 328. Maps and illustrations. Eyre and Spottiswoode. 12s. 6d.

South‐west Persia. By Sir Arnold Wilson, K.C.I.E., C.S.I., C.M.G., D.S.O., M.P. Pp. 305. Oxford University Press. 1941. 15s.

Things Mortal. By Lieutenant‐Colonel Sir Frederick O'Connor, C.S.I., C.I.E., C.V.O. Dedicated to H.H. Maharaja Joodha Shumshere Jung Bahadur Rana. Preface and illustrations. 9” x6”. Pp. 256. London: Hodder and Stoughton. 1940. 10s. 6d.

Bid Time Return. By Margaret Ferguson. 8 3/4” x 5 3/4”. Pp. 256. Illustrations. Hale. 1941. 12s. 6d.

Sons of Sindbad. By Alan Villiers. Pp. xiv + 346. Illustrated. Hodder and Stoughton, Ltd. 20s.

Drinkers of the Wind. By Carl R. Raswan. 9 3/8” x 6 1/4”. Pp. 288. Illustrated. Hutchison. 18s.

The Fire‐Ox and Other Years. By Suydam Cutting. New York : Charles Scribner's Sons.

Helvellyn to Himalaya. Including an Account of the First Ascent of Chomolhari. By E. Spencer Chapman. Pp. xv + 285. With 44 illustrations and 2 maps. London: Chatto and Windus. 1940. 18s.

Assam Adventure. By F. Kingdon Ward. Pp. 304; 16 illustrations, 2 appendixes. Jonathan Cape. 1941. 12s. 6d.

A Long Look at Life. By two Victorians, Lady King‐Stewart, O.B.E., and Miss Ella Christie, F.R.G.S. 8 1/2 x 61/4”. Pp. 256. Illustrations. Seeley Service. 1941. 21s.

The Viceroy and Governor‐General of India. By A. B. Rudra, Ph.D. Pp. xv+ 362. 8 1/2” x 5 3/4”. Milford. Oxford University Press. 1940. Rs. 10.

The Co‐operative Movement in Bengal. By Professor J. P. Niyogi, M.A.(Cal.), Ph.D.(London). 9” x 6 1/4”. Pp. ix + 267. (Macmillan and Co., Ltd.) 10s. 6d.

Twilight in Delhi. By Ahmud Ali. Hogarth Press.

The Red Tortoise and Other Tales of Rural India. Told by N. Gangulee. Pp. 90. The India Society. 1940. 3s. 6d.

When Peacocks Called. By Hilda Seligman. John Lane: Bodley Head.

The Voyage of the “Kaimiloa.” By Eric de Bisschop. Translated from the French by Marc Ceppi. Pp. 310, with illustrations (11 photographs and 1 sketch‐map). London: G. Bell and Sons. 1940. 12s. 6d.

Three Ways of Thought in Ancient China. By Arthur Waley. George Allen and Unwin. 1939.

The Tower of Five Glories. A Study of the Min Chia of Tali, Yunnan. By C. P. Fitzgerald. 8 1/2” x 5 3/4”. Preface and 280 pp. 3 maps. 31 illustrations. Cresset Press. 16s.

The Current War. By Captain Liddell Hart. Hutchison.