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101.
Julie L. Crouch Christopher R. Shelton Joseph R. Bardeen Regina Hiraoka Joel S. Milner John J. Skowronski 《Journal of family violence》2012,27(2):97-103
The present study examined the extent to which attentional control mediates the relationship between adverse early life experiences
(e.g., harsh discipline, low perceived support) and child physical abuse (CPA) risk in adulthood. Participants included 138
general population parents (30.4% fathers and 69.6% mothers) who completed self-report measures of early life experiences,
attentional control, and CPA risk. Results revealed that attentional control partially mediated the association between adverse
early environment and CPA risk scores, Sobel test = 2.65, SE = 0.86, p = .007. More specifically, individuals exposed to adverse early environments (characterized by harsh discipline and/or low
perceived support) reported lower levels of attentional control, which in turn was associated with increased risk of hostile,
aggressive, and abusive parenting. 相似文献
102.
Richard B. Felson D. Wayne Osgood Julie Horney Craig Wiernik 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2012,28(2):347-363
We examine whether particular types of stress are related to particular types of crime or whether all types of stress are
related to all types of crime. Our estimates are based on analyses of within-individual change over a 36 month period among
recently incarcerated offenders. We find that assault is most strongly related to family stress, suggesting that conflicts
between family members lead to assault. Economic crimes (property crimes and selling illicit drugs) are most clearly related
to financial stress, suggesting that these crimes often reflect attempts to resolve financial problems. On the other hand,
crime is generally unrelated to stress from illness/injury, death, and work. The results support the idea that criminal behavior
is a focused response to specific types of problems rather than a general response to stress. They are more consistent with
explanations that focus on perceived rewards and costs (e.g., the rational-choice approach) than with explanations that portray
negative affect as a generalized impetus toward violence or crime (e.g., frustration aggression approaches). 相似文献
103.
Willemsen J De Ganck J Verhaeghe P 《International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology》2012,56(4):505-524
This study examined two theoretical models on the interaction between psychopathy, traumatic exposure, and lifetime posttraumatic stress in a sample of 81 male detainees. In Model 1, the interpersonal and affective features of psychopathy were assumed to protect against posttraumatic stress. In Model 2, the lifestyle and antisocial traits of psychopathy were assumed to lead to a lifestyle that increases the risk of traumatic exposure and subsequent posttraumatic stress. The authors found significant negative bivariate associations between Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) total, Interpersonal and Affective facet scores, and posttraumatic stress. Model 1 was confirmed, as they found the interaction between the Affective facet and traumatic exposure had a significant negative effect on posttraumatic stress. Model 2 was rejected. The authors' findings confirm that the interpersonal and affective features of psychopathy are associated with an emotional deficit and that the affective features of psychopathy are crucial for understanding the relationship between psychopathy and anxiety. 相似文献
104.
Simpson DD Joe GW Knight K Rowan-Szal GA Gray JS 《Journal of offender rehabilitation》2012,51(1-2):34-56
The TCU Short Forms contain a revised and expanded set of assessments for planning and managing addiction treatment services. They are formatted as brief (1-page) forms to measure client needs and functioning, including drug use severity and history (TCUDS II), criminal thinking and cognitive orientation (CTSForm), motivation and readiness for treatment (MOTForm), psychological functioning (PSYForm), social relations and functioning (SOCForm), and therapeutic participation and engagement (ENGForm). These instruments facilitate optically-scanned data entry, computerized scoring, and rapid graphical feedback for clinical decisions. The present study (based on 5,022 inmates from eight residential prison treatment programs) examines evidence on scale reliabilities and measurement structures of these tools. Results confirmed their integrity and usefulness as indicators of individual and group-level therapeutic dynamics. 相似文献
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Even young children can provide accurate accounts of experienced events if adults question them skillfully. However, most justice system personnel receive little training in evidence‐based methods to question children non‐suggestively and with developmental sensitivity. This paper summarizes key research findings about child forensic interviewing. It concludes with recommendations for judges and other justice system personnel who must engage in age‐appropriate consultation with children and outlines steps judges can take to establish evidence‐based interviewing practices by court personnel in their jurisdictions. 相似文献
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