全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1322篇 |
免费 | 79篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 109篇 |
工人农民 | 83篇 |
世界政治 | 143篇 |
外交国际关系 | 71篇 |
法律 | 731篇 |
中国政治 | 3篇 |
政治理论 | 258篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 12篇 |
2021年 | 25篇 |
2020年 | 41篇 |
2019年 | 42篇 |
2018年 | 66篇 |
2017年 | 89篇 |
2016年 | 86篇 |
2015年 | 49篇 |
2014年 | 66篇 |
2013年 | 180篇 |
2012年 | 57篇 |
2011年 | 45篇 |
2010年 | 25篇 |
2009年 | 37篇 |
2008年 | 48篇 |
2007年 | 51篇 |
2006年 | 46篇 |
2005年 | 41篇 |
2004年 | 46篇 |
2003年 | 41篇 |
2002年 | 39篇 |
2001年 | 46篇 |
2000年 | 21篇 |
1999年 | 21篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1972年 | 6篇 |
1971年 | 11篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
1967年 | 3篇 |
1966年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1401条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
151.
152.
In this paper, we test for causality between GDP growth andsocial protection expenditure in the European Union. To that end,we apply Hsiao's (1981) sequential procedure to data for twelveEU countries along the 1970–1994 period. Our results suggestthat, for Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands,Portugal, and Spain, causality runs only from social protectiongrowth to GDP growth, while for Denmark, France, Greece, Italy,and the United Kingdom, no causality is found between socialprotection growth and GDP growth. 相似文献
153.
Access to Power Versus Exercise of Power Reconceptualizing the Quality of Democracy in Latin America
Research on comparative democratization has recently expanded its focus to issues of institutional quality: clientelism, corruption,
abuse of executive decree authority, and weak checks and balances. However, problems of institutional quality are so different
from those involved in regime transitions that it is unproductive to treat them as part of the same macro-process, democratization.
Whereas regime transitions are changes in the form of access to power, problems of institutional quality involve the exercise of power. Abuses in the exercise of power affecting institutional quality are best characterized not as indicators of authoritarianism
and deficiencies in democratization but as reflecting—in Weberian terms—patrimonialism and failures in bureaucratization.
Moreover, struggles over the exercise of power involve causes, mechanisms, and actors that can be quite distinct from those
at play in conflicts over access to power. The proposed analytical framework centered on the distinction between access and
exercise enhances conceptual clarity and provides a stronger theoretical basis for tackling fundamental questions about politics
in Latin America, including the failure of democratization to curb clientelism and foster other improvements of institutional
quality, and the prospects of democratic stability under patrimonial administrations. 相似文献
154.
Adorján F. Kovács 《Berliner Journal für Soziologie》2010,20(4):499-526
In the light of the increasing political influence on German universities (amongst others, the excellence initiative) with effects on the selection of top positions, this article examines the appointment of chairs (department heads) in a “small” surgical specialty during the last 30 years. Following the delineation of official indicators of competence (inclusion criteria) within an appointment procedure, it can be shown that a broad distribution of institutions and persons that meet these criteria exists. The empirical examination of the actually successful occupations shows that closure mechanisms play a role because the successful candidates stem from no more than 10 out of 34 clinical departments. The monetary capital in terms of third-party funds is the most important allocation criterion, but cannot sufficiently explain the way appointments take place. As there are candidates who in formal terms are in a wide measure equally qualified, and a consequential uncertainty of the basis of decision within an appointment procedure, the derivation of the candidate in terms of a personal relationship to a chair holder (department head) from whose clinic he applies and who acts as a patron, proves to be the decisive distinction following the examination of all inclusion criteria. This results in a reproduction of the chair holders (department heads) largely from the same clinical departments and the formation of an academic caste system. In perspective, this cartel-like closure appears to be getting increasingly worse. 相似文献
155.
Julia C. Daugherty Mar Marañón-Murcia Natalia Bueso-Izquierdo Pilar Jiménez-González Pilar Gómez-Medialdea 《The journal of forensic psychiatry & psychology》2019,30(2):322-340
This study examines neuropsychological impairment in women who have experienced intimate partner violence using DSM 5 criteria for mild and severe cognitive impairment. A total of 108 females in Spain were included in one of three groups: psychological abuse (n = 24), physical and psychological abuse (n = 45), and no-abuse (n = 39). There were differences between the control and IPV groups in attention and executive functioning. Furthermore, approximately 25% of women experiencing IPV suffer mild neuropsychological alterations and 5% severe, mostly in memory and executive function domains. This evidence supports the growth in research that suggests psychological violence on its own to be as strongly related to poor health outcomes as physical violence in intimate partner relationships. 相似文献
156.
M. Pilar Latorre Ramón Hermoso María A. Rubio 《The Journal of Technology Transfer》2017,42(6):1255-1275
In the last years, Science and Technology Parks (STPs) have been considered facilitators of inter-organizational relationships, as well as instruments of public policy, by creating networks and allowing access for the learning of local innovation. In this study, we propose a quantitative tool as support for measuring the efficiency of STPs through the analysis of the complex networks they form. We present a generic framework called the Inter-Relationship Science-Park Analysis (ISA) framework to study STPs at three different levels of management: (1) individual entities (research centres, universities, innovation companies, etc.); (2) STP global management; and (3) productive sector development. Moreover, we have applied the ISA framework to a real-world case study: the Walqa Science and Technology Park. Through it we have been able to know what relationships are established within this Science and Technology Park and which are the most important nodes in this network of interactions. 相似文献
157.
158.
Eduardo Alemán Margarita M. Ramírez Jonathan B. Slapin 《Legislative Studies Quarterly》2017,42(4):637-659
This article examines how parties organize legislative speech. Electoral incentives and legislative institutions affect speech participation. When electoral systems create personal vote‐seeking incentives, parties are less concerned with screening speeches and more supportive of members seeking to garner name recognition. But in many countries, legislative rules and norms constrain opportunities for individual position taking during the lawmaking debates. We argue that parties resolve this dilemma by organizing speech participation into nonlegislative speeches and lawmaking debates. In each instance, different types of legislators are more likely to speak. We examine the case of Chile and test the implications of our theory with data on congressional speeches. 相似文献
159.
Edward R. Maguire Belén V. Lowrey Devon Johnson 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2017,13(3):367-391
Objectives
Examines the influence of positive, negative, and neutral police behavior during traffic stops on citizen perceptions of police.Methods
Participants were randomly assigned to view a video clip of a simulated traffic stop in which the officer communicates with the driver in a positive (procedurally just), negative (procedurally unjust), or neutral manner. After viewing the video, participants completed a survey about their perceptions of police, including their level of trust in police, obligation to obey police orders, and willingness to cooperate with police.Results
Observing positive interactions with police enhanced people’s self-reported willingness to cooperate with police, obligation to obey police and the law, and trust and confidence in police, whereas observing negative interactions undermined these outcomes. The effects of these interactions were much stronger for encounter-specific outcomes than for more general outcomes.Conclusions
The results from this randomized experiment confirm that procedural justice can enhance people’s prosocial attitudes toward police, whereas procedural injustice can undermine these attitudes. While positive (procedurally just) interactions tend to have weaker effects than negative (procedurally unjust) interactions, this study finds little support for the notion that only negative experiences shape people’s views about the police.160.