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Till Pistorius Sabine Reinecke Astrid Carrapatoso 《International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics》2017,17(5):623-638
In the context of the UNFCCC negotiation process on a global climate agreement, policy makers are looking for approaches on how to significantly raise the mitigation ambition of all relevant sectors, including the land use sector. Aside of the formal negotiations some Parties to the UNFCCC have started an informal dialogue and discuss how to merge the fragmented accounting rules for mitigation relevant land use activities, in particular those concerning forest-sector emissions. Stressing that ‘history matters’, we use a historical institutionalist perspective to assess the institutional pathways of the different accounting rules for developed and developing countries, their mutual relationship, and in how far they are supportive or counterproductive for this endeavour. Our empirical analysis shows that Parties tend to use any modification phase in the negotiation process to water down already achieved agreements, and that negotiating modalities after targets have been agreed is not conducive either. In the efforts of specifying the Paris agreement, merging existing rules into a common accounting framework is likely to further compromise the exisiting weak rules and modalities, and potentially what negotiators consider as ‘environmental integrity’. With this, a formal negotiation of common rules for the accounting of the land use sector may yield an outcome below what has been achieved since the negotiations on a post-2020 agreement started in 2005. We conclude that politically acceptable approaches for the land use sector that also contribute to the overall objective of raising ambition should avoid reopening already agreed decisions on rules and modalities. 相似文献
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The investigation of sexual offences is a real challenge, as the injuries are often unspecific or faint and may sometimes be missing completely. Evidence recovery and analysis as well as the statements of the victims and suspects are therefore of vital importance. In both presented cases, the results of trace evidence analysis were basically consistent with a sexual assault, but the victims' statements regarding the course of events and the pattern of traces showed severe discrepancies. 相似文献
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Lindsay Till Hoyt Julie Maslowsky Julie S. Olson Allison G. Harvey Julianna Deardorff Emily J. Ozer 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2018,47(10):2169-2180
Most adolescents face numerous obstacles to good sleep, which may undermine healthy development. In this study, we used latent class analysis and identified four categories of sleep barriers in a diverse sample of 553 urban youth (57% female). The majority profile, School/Screens Barriers, reported the most homework and extracurricular barriers, along with high screen time. The Home/Screens Barriers class (i.e., high environmental noise, light, screen use) and the High/Social Barriers class (i.e., high barriers across domains, particularly social) reported the poorest sleep quality and highest depressive/anxiety symptoms. The Minimal Barriers class—predominately male, with low depressive/anxiety symptoms—reported more sleep per night. We discuss implications of our findings for targeting interventions to address poor adolescent sleep among specific clusters of students. 相似文献
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A case of death due to car fire is described where the carbonised skull of the cremated corpse showed an ovoid defect of the cranial bone. The question arose whether this formed fracture was caused by a gunshot. But the reconstruction of the cranial remains with detached parts of the tabula externa provided evidence that the suspicious defect was to be classified as an uncommon heat-induced post-mortem artefact. 相似文献
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Geoffrey Till 《Cambridge Review of International Affairs》2005,18(3):455-470
This year is the 200th anniversary of the battle of Trafalgar, the archetype of the traditional naval campaign. This article analyses the evolution of naval thinking about the decisive battle, explores its role in the world of the 21st century and identifies several other crucial battles that today's navies need to fight and win. It concludes that despite the differences brought about by technological transformation there is a surprising degree of continuity between the naval past and the naval present. 相似文献
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This article studies invalid voting, which has received very little attention so far, given the broad interest and substantial relevance of voting behaviour research. Existing evidence is mostly limited to rather specific and hardly representative countries. Yet, the extent of invalid ballots is not negligible. Despite undemanding electoral rules, more invalid votes are cast in German general elections than votes for niche parties. Against this backdrop, the article describes prevalence of invalid voting in the mixed electoral system of Germany and tests explanations of its variation between constituencies. Analysing data from the most recent Bundestag Election, results give clear support to politico-institutional explanations: voters are more willing to waste their vote if second-order elections are held concurrently. Specifically under the plurality rule, more (first) votes are wasted if there are large shares for parties without direct candidates and many competing candidates. 相似文献
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Zur Durchsetzung eines Anspruchs auf Herstellung eines m?ngelfreien Zustands allgemeiner Teile (hier: Carport) ist, auch wenn
es um die Herstellung des einem bestimmten Wohnungseigentümer vom Verk?ufer vertraglich zugesagten Zustands geht, nur die
Mehrheit der Wohnungseigentümer legitimiert, doch gilt das nicht, wenn Gemeinschaftsinteressen dadurch nicht gef?hrdet sind,
dass ein einzelner Wohnungseigentümer einen Anspruch allein geltend macht. Identit?t eines Anspruchs iSd § 411 ZPO liegt nur
dann vor, wenn das neu gestellte Begehren sowohl inhaltlich dieselbe Leistung, Feststellung oder Rechtsgestaltung fordert,
wie sie bereits Gegenstand des rechtskr?ftigen Vorerkenntnisses war, und auch die zur Begründung des neuen Begehrens vorgetragenen
rechtserzeugenden Tatsachen dieselben sind, auf die sich die rechtskr?ftige Entscheidung gründet. 相似文献