Does a sixth mechanism exist to explain lightning injuries?: investigating a possible new injury mechanism to determine the cause of injuries related to close lightning flashes

Five mechanisms have been described in the literature regarding lightning injury mechanisms. A sixth mechanism is proposed in this article, namely, lightning barotrauma. A simple laboratory experiment was conducted using ordnance gelatin for ballistic studies. Lightning was simulated in a high-voltage laboratory using an 8/20-microsecond current impulse generator and discharged through ballistic gel. Temporary and permanent cavity formations were confirmed. The cavities formed were directly proportional to the currents used. Findings suggest that a sixth mechanism of lightning injury, namely, barotrauma, should be considered.     

Class Action Extraction?

Class action lawsuits as a vehicle of rent extraction isdeveloped as an extension of political/legislative rentextraction theory. An event study is performed on thirty firmsin which a securities class action lawsuit is filed andsubsequently resolved by retraction, settlement, or legalverdict. The data set is found to be consistent with renthaving been extracted as a result of the class action lawsuit.     

Private Versus Public Charity: Reassessing Crowding Out from the Supply Side

This paper tests a model where governmentand private charity are perfect substitutesin consumption, but the cost of providingcharitable assistance differs betweenprivate and government suppliers. Theanalysis demonstrates that higher costs oftransferring through the government canaccount for the observed phenomenon of lessthan complete crowding out and theempirical results are broadly consistentwith that approach. Overall the evidenceis consistent with the hypothesis thatindividuals both care about the leakagesinvolved in transferring funds to the poorthrough government and respond in theirprivate giving to changes in thedifferential public cost.     

Tentative injuries in self stabbing

The distribution, incidence and character of tentative injuries occurring in self-inflicted stabbings are discussed with reference to 29 cases dealt with by The Departments of Forensic Medicine at two London Teaching hospitals. Tentative wounds were encountered in only half of the cases in our series.     

How mock jurors’ cognitive processing and defendants’ immigrant status and ethnicity relate to decisions in capital trials

Journal of Experimental Criminology - This study examined how defendants’ immigrant status and ethnicity interact with evidence strength and mock jurors’ cognitive processing traits to...     

兔不同时间切创中肌细胞核DNA的定量测定

为了使损伤时间推断手段更加精确化,为损伤时间推断提供新的方法,我们利用显微分光光度计测定兔皮肤切创创口内肌细胞核DNA 含量,结果发现:正常肌细胞核DNA 含量为18. 420Au,而损伤后创外周区内肌细胞核的DNA 含量立即迅速下降。伤后1h 为17. 274Au;伤后3h 为8. 672Au,达最低水平,随着损伤及经过时间的延长,DNA 含量又逐渐回升,伤后6、8、12,24h 的含量分别为12. 563、13. 608、14. 743,16. 448Au。上述结果说明,损伤区域内肌细胞核内DNA 的含量与损伤时间有明显关系,DNA定量分析可作为损伤时间推断的一个重要根据。     

The Profession of Public Administration: An Ethics Edge in Introductory Textbooks?

Given the substantial interest in public service ethics, this study examines its foundations as reflected in paradigmatic textbooks—a unit of analysis that informs both theory and practice in the field. The interpretative framework employed evaluates the context (the amount and placement of the topic, the use of graphics, and sources cited) as well as the content (conceptualization of management ethics and inclusion of implementation issues) of ethics found in the publications. A limited definition of a professional—one in possession of largely technical skills—is reflected in the textbooks. The implications of the findings are explored.     

Fathers Who Kill Their Children: An Analysis of the Literature

Abstract:  Roughly half of filicidal acts are committed by fathers, though the majority of the literature focuses on maternal filicide. This paper reviews the existing literature on paternal filicide with the goal of identifying characteristics common among these fathers. Fathers who killed their children were, on average, in their mid thirties. The mean age of their victims was five. They may have multiple victims. Sons and daughters were killed in equal numbers. Reasons included death related to abuse, mental illness (including psychosis and depression), and revenge against a spouse. The method often involved wounding violence. Suicide following the act occurred frequently. After being tried for their crimes, filicidal fathers were more frequently incarcerated than hospitalized. Given the range of those capable of this act, mental health professionals must be alert to the possibility of filicide in a variety of fathers. Considering this risk, clinicians should inquire about thoughts of harming children, partners, and themselves.