中国-东盟关系四十年发展的历程及其启示:共同利益的视角

中国-东盟关系的发展历程表明,双方关系是随着彼此间共同利益的日益增加而不断发展的,因此,双方关系发展的过程就是不断建构共同利益的过程.建构共同利益是中国-东盟关系发展的基本经验.未来双方要进一步发展关系,应继续致力于共同利益的建构.     

军事透明与安全互信--兼与马伟宁先生等对话

从历史和政策角度看,增加军事透明度不是一项孤立的事务或活动,应将其置于建立信任措施这个大背景和大前提下来讨论,并考虑到其方向性与层次性,兼顾实力透明与意图透明.中美军事相互透明伴随着两国安全互信的起伏而变化.当前中美军事透明度问题的日益升温,反映出在中美战略关系调整的大背景下,美国希望通过促使中国提高对美军事透明度,更准确地判断中国的军事实力和把握中国的战略走向.中美相互军事透明度有待提高,但其程度与双方在安全上相互信任程度是基本吻合的,因此,关键问题在于增加两国政治和战略互信.中国已经并将继续在推进包括中美在内的相互军事透明和促进军事互信方面做出自己的努力.     

Isolation of the DNA minisatellite probe MZ 1.3 and its application to DNA 'fingerprinting' analysis

A minisatellite probe, MZ 1.3, detecting hypervariable fragment patterns was isolated from a human genomic library. A repetitive sequence of 27 bp length was identified which is contained in the probe approx. 40 times. The MZ 1.3 repeat shows variable homology of 53-73% to the repetitive sequence of the protein III gene of the bacteriophage M13 genome. Polymorphic restriction fragment patterns were found with MZ 1.3 using the enzymes Hinf I, BstN I, Hae III, Mbo I, PstI/Pvu II, and Rsa I. An average of 18 polymorphic fragments was observed using Hinf I as enzyme. The band sharing frequency after Hinf I digestion among unrelated individuals was determined to be 23.8 +/- 7.2%. An example for the application of MZ 1.3 to paternity testing in an incest case is given. The probe can be used with radioactive or non-radioactive detection systems. An approach is presented to compare polymorphic fragment patterns from individuals obtained by independent gel runs on the basis of relative band positions (RBP) and calculated in a computerized analysis.     

对公安机关目标管理的几点思考

公安机关实行目标管理,经过十余年的实践与探索,基本上形成了比较符合公安实际的目标管理体系。根据我国加入WTO后的新形势、新情况,改革和创新目标管理体系,必须科学设定目标管理项目,量化、细化、硬化目标任务,建立高效的目标考核体系。要紧紧围绕公安队伍管理长效机制,以等级管理为核心,增强奖惩激励的透明度,切准奖惩的时机,把握奖惩的导向性,进一步提高民警的综合素质。     

Understanding Recreation and Sport as a Rehabilitative Tool Within Juvenile Justice Programs

This article discusses relevant literature on the potential benefits of sport, recreation, and leisure, and how these benefits relate to rehabilitation of juveniles. Many professionals involved in juvenile rehabilitation believe sport and recreation are beneficial adjuncts to treatment programming; however, it can be difficult to structure sport and recreation in ways that directly correspond to treatment goals. The purpose of this article is to provide insights for professionals working with juveniles on how sport and recreation programming can be an effective means of helping to achieve rehabilitation goals. Attention is given to approaches, particularly the Teaching Games for Understanding model (Bunker & Thorpe, 1982), which can be used to effectively link recreation and sport to the rehabilitation process.     

Enzyme activity of PGM1 in erythrocytes

The enzyme activity of phosphoglucomutase (PGM) has been investigated in red cell haemolysates from 142 individuals and compared to the sub-type as determined by isoelectric focusing. The 10 phenotypes showed significant differences in PGM-activity which indicates that there is a correlation between the level of activity and the isolelectric point of homozygotes. No indication of silent alleles or alleles with reduced activity was found in this collective.     

论民国初期律师制度的建立及特点

<正> 律师制度是一项民主的政治法律制度,是现代国家法律制度的重要组成部分。作为一种法律现象的律师制度是在一国法律发展到一定阶段的产物。最早的律师制度产生于西方古罗马奴隶制时期,近代意义的律师制度发展完善则是17、18世纪资产阶级民主革命的积极产物。 我国是世界文明发达最早的国家之一,有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文化。我国古代的法律制度,经过数千年没有中断的发展过程,以历史悠久、沿革清晰、内容丰富、特点鲜明著称于世。然而,我国古代并没有产生律师制度,这是由于我国古代是一个农业社会,手工业、商业不发达,在政治上又是专制的集权统治,不存在产生职业律师的各种条件。律师制度传入中国,是自19世纪中后期西方帝国主义的侵入,伴随着我国逐步沦为半封建半殖民地社会,这一在西方已有悠久历史的法律现象才出现在中国社会。     

Explanation of nonspecific serologic reactions in decomposed bone tissue

Bone fragments were stored in water for 2 years at room temperature and investigated serologically using the following methods: Absorption-elution, extraction of blood group substances and immunohistochemistry (PAP). All 3 methods gave essentially specific results for fresh bone tissue but with putrid bone tissue unspecific reactions were found predominantly with the absorption-elution and PAP techniques. In contrast, more specific reactions were obtained from the extracts although they were much weaker. From this it can be concluded that pure physical binding plays a substantial role in the unspecific reaction between antibodies and bone material. It is suggested that the relevant physical properties are altered by putrification.     

生态社会主义对构建社会主义和谐社会的启示

生态社会主义主张重新检讨人与自然的关系,实现人与自然的和谐统一,实行基层民主,建设生态社会主义,促进人的全面发展.生态社会主义思潮对我国建设社会主义和谐社会有重大的启示.