论新时期社区共青团工作的实践与推进

随着改革开放的深入和社会体制的转型，社区在城市发展中的地位逐渐提升。为适应形势，共青团组织将触角延伸至社区，社区共青团工作由此应运而生。社区团组织在城市社区中具有特殊的地位，必须遵循一定的思路并掌握必要的切入方法展开工作，才能有效地凝聚社区青年，更好地为他们服务。但从目前的总体情况来看，由于青年与社区团组织关系的松散性，社区团工作与其他基层团建相比仍较为薄弱。因此，需要寻找对策，对其加以改进和提高。     

Struggling to stay out of high-poverty neighborhoods: housing choice and locations in moving to opportunity's first decade

Improving locational outcomes emerged as a major policy hope for the nation's largest low-income housing program over the past two decades, but a host of supply and demand-side barriers confront rental voucher users, leading to heated debate over the importance of choice versus constraint. In this context, we examine the Moving to Opportunity experiment's first decade, using a mixed-method approach.

MTO families faced major barriers in tightening markets, yet diverse housing trajectories emerged, reflecting variation in: (a) willingness to trade location – in particular, safety and avoidance of “ghetto” behavior – to get larger, better housing units after initial relocation; (b) the distribution of neighborhood types in different metro areas; and (c) circumstances that produced many involuntary moves. Access to social networks or services “left behind” in poorer neighborhoods seldom drove moving decisions. Numerous moves were brokered by rental agents who provided shortcuts to willing landlords but thereby steered participants to particular neighborhoods.     

RESIDENT PERCEPTIONS OF CRIME AND DISORDER: HOW MUCH IS “BIAS”, AND HOW MUCH IS SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT DIFFERENCES?*

This study attempted to disentangle the extent to which residents are systematically biased when reporting on the level of crime or disorder in their neighborhood. By using a unique sample of households nested in household clusters, this study teased out the degree of systematic bias on the part of respondents when perceiving crime and disorder. The findings are generally consistent with theoretical expectations of which types of residents will perceive more crime or disorder and contrast with the generally mixed results of prior studies that used an inappropriate aggregate unit when assuming that residents live in the same social context of crime or disorder. Estimating ancillary models on a sample of respondents nested in tracts produced mixed results that mirror the existing literature. This article shows that Whites consistently perceive more crime or disorder than their neighbors. It also shows that females, those with children, and those with longer residence in the neighborhood perceive more crime or disorder than their neighbors.     

The Acute and Enduring Consequences of Exposure to Violence on Youth Mental Health and Aggression

The bulk of “neighborhood effects” research examines the impact of neighborhood conditions cross-sectionally. However, it is critical to understand whether the effects of neighborhood context are situational and whether they endure over time. In this study, we take seriously the notion that there are enduring consequences of exposure to deleterious neighborhood conditions. Using a rich set of longitudinal data on adolescents from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods, we estimate the effect of exposure to violence on both internalizing (depression and anxiety) and externalizing problems (aggression). We find that exposure to violence has both an acute and enduring effect on aggression, yet no effect on anxiety-depression, net of individual, family, peer, and neighborhood influences. Part of the enduring effect of violence exposure is explained by changes in social cognitions brought on by the exposure, yet much of the relationship remains to be explained by other causal mechanisms.     

城市社区治理实践与困境分析——以石家庄市S社区为例

随着城市住房改革的市场化推进,物业公司成为社区治理的主体之一。以石家庄市某一新建商品房小区为个案,剖析了城市社区多元主体背景下社区治理的运行实践。物业公司作为经济组织,经济理性凸显,对社区公共事务缺乏参与动力与热情;居委会的行政化倾向使其难以履行自治主体职责,而代表居民利益的社区自治组织明显发育不足。在目前的社区治理实践中,多元主体之间的责任与角色不明进一步使城市社区治理陷入困境。     

New Opportunities for Internet Startups

正ON June 12,Zhongguancun opened its first"innovation street"in Beijing.Known as Inno Way,the neighborhood has attracted a range of service institutions,all geared to helping fledgling businesses get a head start.Dozens of service institutions have already made Inno Way their homes,including Garage Coffee,Legend Star,Innovation Works and 36 Kr.A confl uence of scientifi c talent and researchers,experienced investors and ser-     

Partners in Development

正The paired assistance policy has fuelled Tibet’s development and benefited local residents Tibetan resident Dorjee,63,is pleased with his new home.Last September,he moved into the 200-square-meter prop-erty located in Zhejiang Residential Compound in Nagqu Prefecture,Tibet Autonomous Region.This August,the area was battered by a heavy torrential rain.Yet his house,along with other new ones in his neighborhood,survived the     

China＇s New Diplomatic Blueprint for South Asia

IN September, following his attendance at the 14th Meeting of the Council of the Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization （SCO） and his state visit to Tajikistan, Chinese President Xi Jinping began his tour of three South Asian countries： the Maldives, Sri Lanka, and India. It was President Xi＇s first visit to the region since he took office. The trip gave rise to significant improvements in mapping out China＇s new diplomatic blueprint on South Asia, expanding China＇s neighborhood diplomacy, and reshaping world geopolitics.     

Do Small Area Fair Market Rents Reduce Racial Disparities in the Voucher Program?

ABSTRACT

A lawsuit that argued that the method used to calculate rent limits in the Housing Choice Voucher Program promoted racial segregation in Dallas, Texas, resulted in the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development developing zip code-based voucher rent limits in Dallas in 2011. This rent calculation approach was then expanded to five other demonstration sites in 2012. This article analyzes whether adjusting voucher rent limits reduces a minority household’s likelihood of living in a high-minority neighborhood, improves their likelihood of living in a higher opportunity neighborhood, and reduces the disparity in location outcomes between minority and White households in the voucher program. This article finds evidence of improvements in the location outcomes of Black and Hispanic voucher households because of the use of zip code-based rent limits, but that these results are only marginal with respect to the persistent disparities in outcomes based on race within the voucher program.