近年澳大利亚华人新移民离境与回流分析--以澳大利亚移民部相关数据资料为研究中心

近年来，随着全球化的不断推进，中国经济与社会的持续繁荣与发展，华人在澳大利亚移民数量持续攀升，同时亦有越来越多的华人新移民选择永久离开澳大利亚，或回流中国，或再度移民第三国，从而形成了一股方兴未艾的华人新移民离境潮和回流潮，这不仅直接改变了华人新移民的跨国迁移模式，更深刻揭示了中澳人力资源竞争态势及华人移民人口流动趋势。     

A tale of two ex-dominions: why the procedures for changing the rules of succession are so different in Canada and Australia

In 2011, the leaders of the nations that share Queen Elizabeth as their head of state agreed to change the rules governing the inheritance of the throne. The federal nature of the Canadian and Australian Crowns raises the question of whether Canadian provinces and Australian states should be involved in the process for modifying the rules of succession. Australia's federal government has decided to include its states in the process, whereas Canada's did not. This article will assess what the differences between these two approaches reveal about the political cultures and leaders of these nations. The issues discussed include relations between the civil service and elected politicians, the contested social memory of the British Empire, and the relationship between neoliberalism and cooperative federalism.     

The Australian Republic Referendum, 1999

The 1999 Australian republic referendum was intended to finalise the nation-building process begun in the mid-nineteenth century and to exploit growing national consciousness in the wake of post-World War II cosmopolitan immigration and the 1988 bicentenary. Despite strong republican support recorded by opinion polls and a broadly favourable media climate the proposal to institute a republic was defeated. The article summarises the campaign and explores some of the reasons that have been advanced, including the part played by the prime minister, for its outcome; it concludes that 'the model' might have been a contributory factor, but probably not the sole explanation. A re-run is unlikely before the election of a sympathetic, probably Labor, government. The episode illustrates the immensity of the difficulty facing republicans in Britain where similarly favourable conditions are inconceivable in the foreseeable future.     

澳大利亚劳动关系调整机制研究

澳大利亚调整劳动关系的第一部法律是 190 4年出台的《联邦调解仲裁法》 ,其后随社会的变化 ,该法几经修改 ,甚至二易其名 ,对劳动关系的确立、调整起到了关键性的作用。澳国调整劳动关系的政府职能部门是联邦和州的工作场所关系、就业及小企业部、“就业代言”及准政府机构———产业关系委员会。另外 ,由劳、资、政三方代表组成的国家劳资调解委员会从高层面上促进了劳资和谐。工会组织和雇主组织是澳大利亚劳动关系调整机制中的两大主体组织 ,法律要求劳资双方要通过集体谈判及签定协议 ,协商解决劳动纠纷 ,而劳动争议则由产业关系委员会负责处理。近年来 ,澳大利亚劳动关系调整机制日臻完善 ,劳动争议明显下降 ,劳动关系基本稳定和谐     

我国消费信贷立法应借鉴澳大利亚《消费信贷法案》

随着我国金融市场管制的不断削弱,必将会显现出对加强消费信贷立法的需要。我国消费信用立法还很薄弱,澳大利亚《消费信贷法案》中特别体现保障消费者利益的立法精神,有利于信用经营者生存和发展的特别安排、消费信贷合同的担保与保证。信贷提供者、消费供应者及消费者之间关系的有关内容,可为我国消费信贷立法吸收和借鉴;我国应针对消费信贷中存在的主要问题,有步骤地适时合理地吸收和借鉴澳大利亚《消费信贷法案》。     

多元文化政策下的阴影——试析澳大利亚的反种族歧视

澳大利亚政府自二十世纪七十年代以来 ,逐步废除了白澳政策 ,推行多元文化政策。但二十年来 ,白澳政策阴魂不散 ,不时爆发种族主义事件和言论 ,华人和其他亚裔人深爱其害。另一方面 ,澳大利亚的种族主义也受到本国主流社会、亚洲国家和华侨华人的批评和反对。本文试就对种族主义的表现、发生的原因以及各方面的态度和反应作进一步的探讨。     

Use of subpopulation data in Australian forensic DNA casework

DNA profiling evidence presented in court should be accompanied by a reliable estimate of its evidential weight. In calculating such statistics, allele frequencies from commonly employed autosomal microsatellite loci are required. These allele frequencies should be collected at a level that appropriately represents the genetic diversity that exists in the population. Typically this occurs at broadly defined bio-geographic categories, such as Caucasian or Asian. Datasets are commonly administered at the jurisdictional level. This paper focuses on Australian jurisdictions and assesses whether this current practice is appropriate for Aboriginal Australian and Caucasian populations alike. In keeping with other studies we observe negligible differences between Caucasian populations within Australia when segregated geographically. However segregation of Aboriginal Australian population data along contemporary State and Territory lines appears to mask the diversity that exists within this subpopulation. For this reason datasets collated along more traditional lines may be more appropriate, particularly to distinguish the most genetically differentiated populations residing in the north of the continent.     

澳大利亚ADR的发展与启示(上)

ADR是澳大利亚纠纷解决的重要机制之一。以行业、社区为基础的ADR以及司法ADR的发达是澳大利亚ADR的两大特征。诉讼理念的转变、诉讼程序的改革与案件管理制度促进了澳大利亚ADR的发展。在ADR与诉讼机制的协调以及对ADR的规范化方面,澳大利亚有值得我国借鉴之处。     

State of the Arts and Innovation: Before and After the Review of the National Innovation System

This article examines the relationship between the arts and national innovation policy in Australia, pivoting around the  Venturous Australia  report released in September 2008 as part of the Review of the National Innovation System (RNIS). This came at a time of optimism that the arts sector would be included in Australia's federal innovation policy. However, despite the report's broad vision for innovation and specific commentary on the arts, the more ambitious hopes of arts sector advocates remained unfulfilled. This article examines the entwining discourses of creativity and innovation which emerged globally and in Australia prior to the RNIS, before analysing  Venturous Australia  in terms of the arts and the ongoing science-and-technology bias to innovation policy. It ends by considering why sector-led policy research and lobbying has to date proved unsuccessful and then suggests what public policy development is now needed.     

Why do “teeth” need “voice”? The case of anti‐corruption agencies in three Australian states

Interactions between horizontal accountability agencies (e.g., anti‐corruption agencies [ACAs]) and social accountability actors (e.g., journalists, civil society activists, and complainants/whistleblowers) are recognized as important to horizontal agencies’ performance, but the reason(s) is not clear. This study therefore explores why horizontal accountability agencies need social accountability actors in performing their functions. The study analyses data from 30 key stakeholders in Australia, including ACAs staff members, social accountability actors, and other observers to report on the specific support roles social actors play to ACAs’ activities and operations. Through the conceptual lens of social accountability, evidence show that social actors play four key types of support roles to ACAs’ activities and operations: activate ACAs’ investigations; “amplify” ACAs’ operations; guard ACAs’ activities and operations; and defend ACAs’ independence and powers. These findings support the need for interactions and, also, affirm the potential for research into how these support roles can better be provided for effective anti‐corruption outcomes. The research is of value to public accountability agencies in Australia, and internationally.