The Politics–Bureaucracy Interface in Developing Countries

The political–bureaucratic interface has been the subject of much academic interest. However, research has tended to focus exclusively on wealthy institutionalized democracies, with little attention given to the political–administrative relationship in developing countries. However, recent evidence from reform processes in poorer nations increasingly highlights the importance of interactions between politicians and bureaucrats. This paper provides a systematic overview of the political–bureaucratic relationship in developing countries and in doing so makes two key contributions. First, it introduces a typology of political–bureaucratic relations based on four models—collaborative, collusive, intrusive, and integrated—discussing examples of each. Second, it analyses the main factors associated with different models of political–bureaucratic relations and considers how countries can move from one model of relations to another. The paper provides a much‐needed entry point for scholars and policymakers to better understanding the relationship between politicians and bureaucrats in developing countries. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

TTIP and legislative‒executive relations in EU trade policy

Abstract

This paper analyses Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) negotiations in order to assess how the move towards tighter economic integration within the EU?US strategic partnership impacts on legislative?executive relations in EU trade policy. The analysis examines the institutional, substantive and party political dimensions of national parliaments’ scrutiny of the Common Commercial Policy. Based on insights into both domestic and EU channels of parliamentary monitoring of TTIP negotiations, the paper argues that, although the government remains the central object of democratic control, the involvement of national parliaments in transatlantic trade extends to encompass the EU’s own transatlantic and trade policies. This is rooted in the legislatures’ legal capacity to constrain the executive in the negotiation, conclusion and, where applicable, ratification phases of EU trade agreements. It is argued that national parliamentary influence takes the shape of politicisation of the legitimacy of the expected policy outcomes of these agreements.     

建党90年来中国共产党形象建设的经验与思考

建党90年来，中国共产党始终重视加强自身形象建设，坚持把代表广大人民利益作为形象建设的灵魂，把不断推动经济社会发展作为形象建设的根本，把与时俱进加强党的建设作为形象建设的主线，树立了我党在各个时期的光辉形象。在继承和发扬我党形象建设优良传统的基础上，还应适应形势任务发展变化，借鉴公共关系学理论，强化政党公关意识，发挥现代传媒作用，不断探索创新我党形象建设的形式和方法，全面提高党的执政能力、巩固党的执政地位。     

构建和谐党群关系的思考

营造和谐的党群关系，对构建社会主义和谐社会至关重要。现阶段党群关系中的问题是在社会大变革的深刻背景下产生的，是转型期各种矛盾的突出反映。建立和谐的党群关系，必须对影响党群关系和谐的因素进行深入分析，从经济、政治、队伍和工作机制等方面探索改善党群关系的方法和途径。     

土耳其对非洲战略与政策评析

人们往往以为是向非洲开放政策推动了土耳其与非洲关系的发展;但该政策直到2005年才得到落实的事实,证明了隶属于土耳其总体对外战略的对非洲战略的形成才是真正的动力。土耳其对非洲战略是其总体对外战略三大支柱之大周边外交的一部分;因此,其优先次序相对较低,尽管其目标是以恢复和提升土耳其在非洲的软实力为核心推动土非关系全面发展,但也有间接服务于提升自身面对美欧时的话语权的功能。通过官民结合、全面动员,软实力先行带动土非关系全面发展,土耳其与非洲的政治关系机制化水平不断提升,经贸关系日益密切,社会联系和相互了解日益深入,同时也得到了美欧的更大重视,为土非关系的长期发展奠定了坚实基础。     

Looking beyond the economy: Pussy Riot and the Kremlin's voting coalition

The arrest of the protest punk band Pussy Riot (PR) in March 2012 and the subsequent prosecution of three band members pose a significant puzzle for political science. Although PR's performances presented a coherent alternative to the Putin regime's image of Russian reality, it was unlikely that the discordant music and crude lyrics of their art protest would inspire Russian society to take to the streets. Yet, the regime mounted a very visible prosecution against the three young women. We argue that the trial marked a shift in the Kremlin's strategy to shape state–society relations. In the face of declining economic conditions and social unrest, the PR trial encapsulated the Kremlin's renewed focus on three related mechanisms to insure social support: coercion, alliance building, and symbolic politics. The PR trial afforded the Kremlin an important opportunity to simultaneously redefine its loyal constituency, secure the Church–state relationship, and stigmatize the opposition.     

关于我国劳务派遣行业存在的问题及建议探讨

劳务派遣是伴随着经济社会发展产生的一种新的就业组织方式,它不仅为企业提供了灵活用工的新途径和有效服务,也对缓解我国严峻的就业压力作出了有益贡献。但是,由于目前劳务派遣中大量存在的不规范行为,特别是适用范围的无序扩大,导致了劳务派遣人员的合法权益受损,企业培训员工的积极性缺失,职工队伍建设受到严重影响,制约了我国产业升级和产业转型,成为加快转变经济增长方式的重要影响因素。     

甲午战争对当代中日关系的影响——“甲午战争以来的中日关系”学术研讨会侧记

2014年8月在大连市召开了"甲午战争以来的中日关系"学术研讨会,来自全国各地的200余位专家、学者出席了会议。此次会议在"甲午战争对当代中日关系的影响"议题方面有一些新特点。一方面,研究的视角不断扩大,在以两国政治关系为切入点的研究基础上又增加了经济交往、思想文化、计量分析等新的视角,使甲午战争对当代中日关系影响的研究趋向多维化。另一方面,研究理论与方法亦呈现多样化,由于该议题涉及近代东北亚国家政治、经济、文化等诸多层面,因此围绕战争对当代中日关系影响的研究,除使用传统的实证史学、比较史学等方法外,还多运用现代化理论、国际关系学、地缘政治学等相关专业理论进行了交叉研究。此次会议展示了国内学界有关甲午战争研究的最新成果,对处理当代中日关系亦提供了有益的借鉴。     

外商投资企业立法及劳动关系的特征

随着世界经济全球化的发展和我国加入WTO ,外商投资企业在我国经济结构和经济发展中的作用越来越重要。外商投资企业的出现 ,使我国原有的经济结构发生了很大变化 ,也使原有的劳动关系发生了很大变化 ,使外商投资企业在立法和劳动关系上呈现出一系列鲜明特征。     

县域社会经济发展与府际关系的调整——以金华—义乌府际关系为个案研究

县域社会经济的迅猛发展带来传统府际关系的矛盾冲突,从经济关系、行政关系和治理关系这一三维分析框架剖析这一矛盾冲突,能有效解释地方府际关系变迁与发展的逻辑。金华—义乌府际关系的典型案例可以得出三个结论:(1)合理的经济关系必须符合市场经济规律的客观要求,它不仅仅是单向的辐射关系,而且更是双向的对流关系。(2)科学的行政关系必须回应权力运行的规则,它不是单一的行政管辖,而是双方的权力互动。(3)和谐的治理关系必须基于社会发展的规律,它不是单边的各自为政,而是双边的利益共生。惟其如此,地方府际关系才能从根本上实现长效的制度安排,并为地方政治文明、物质文明和精神文明的发展提供永续的制度支持。