思想政治教育对经济学“假设”思想的借鉴

经济学主要研究人类的欲望、理想及人类本性中的其他情感问题,而思想政治教育不断创造人类精神财富,丰富着人类情感生活,在这一方面思想政治教育和经济学有共通之处。将经济学中"经济人假设、市场经济体制假设、信息完全假设和给定假设"引入思想政治教育中,用经济学的基本原理和方法来分析思想政治教育活动,为思想政治教育提供新的分析技术,为思想政治教育与经济学的交叉学习提供一种研究的方式。     

(Ine)quality of life: Lithuanian labor migration to Sweden during the economic crisis and its aftermath, 2008–2013

ABSTRACT

This article connects micro and macro scales of inequality to Lithuanians’ decisions to depart to Sweden during the economic crisis with austerity measures and its aftermath (2008–2013). This period revealed unequal opportunities regarding the quality of life that were largely created by the gradual re-commodification of labor as well as unaddressed income and social inequalities which had existed since the 1990s. Nevertheless, macro inequalities did not directly lead to the exit decision. Rather, this was bound to the individual’s perception of the leaving opportunity and (possible) quality of life for oneself and one’s family across time and space.     

乡村振兴:认识误区、比较优势与制度变革

工业化与城市化并不必然带来乡村衰败。乡村振兴的关键在于尊重市场规律,发挥乡村比较优势,并处理好如下三个基本问题:一是破除阻碍资源自由流动与优化配置的“制度藩篱”,实现农业振兴与农民增收;二是消解“乡土文明”与“城市文明”两者对立的固有偏见,深刻理解“土地束缚”、“小农经济”的桎梏之源,改革城乡二元制度安排,构建统一、公平公正的资产交易市场、劳动力市场与社会保障制度;三是采用市场激励机制,让农村人口“走出去”,让外部人才、资本与技术“引进来”,在城市化进程的“双向互动”中实现乡村振兴。     

人工智能时代的劳动力市场综合治理:挑战与政策工具

实现高质量和充分就业是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要内容。人工智能为有效的劳动力市场治理带来了挑战,促使财富积累方向由资本转向知识,加快了劳动力外部化趋势,改变了工作的技能需求。这进一步造成社会发展不均衡、既有社会保障功能弱化和外部性风险加大。本文探讨了税收与转移支付、基本收入保障、积极劳动力市场政策、人力资本投资和再培训账户等政策工具组合的综合治理功能,并提出调整社会财富分配格局、增强劳动者对新技术的适应性、打造多方参与的劳动力市场社会治理格局和促进社区就业并重的政策建议,为增强劳动力市场综合治理能力奠定基础。     

股市泡沫、制度回应与人的有限理性-以南海公司与轮船招商局股价波动之比对为视角

英国南海公司与清末轮船招商局都曾出现股市泡沫，官方的制度回应不但未能阻止泡沫化，还给证券市场带来深远的负面影响。在承认人的理性存在有限性之前提下，比对两家企业的史实，探求制度如何在不同历史背景下对股市泡沫作出有效回应，更易于发现法制对于股票交易的意义所在。     

Beyond the scarcity scare: reframing the discourse of hunger with an eco-mind

Solutions to world hunger continue to be impeded by a frame – a set of assumptions – that keeps much of humanity focusing narrowly on quantitative growth. The result is greater food production and greater hunger. Yet, across the world another way of seeing, one grounded in the relational insights of ecology, is transforming food systems in ways that both enhance flora and fauna and strengthen human relationships, enabling farmers to gain a greater voice in food production and fairer access to the food produced.     

组织、领导传销活动罪与诈骗罪的竞合论探析--以利用保健食品传销犯罪为角度

利用保健食品传销犯罪是新型的传销犯罪,其在骗取财物的过程中涉及对保健食品的虚假宣传,其构成要件要素又与诈骗罪具有交叉部分,而"两高一部"的《关于办理组织领导传销活动刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》并未对组织、领导传销活动罪与诈骗罪之间的罪数讨论予以明示,有必要通过二罪理论上的竞合论争议,比较日本刑法的竞合论规定,结合我国竞合论的规定,明示利用保健食品传销犯罪与诈骗罪的交叉部分的罪名适用关系。     

Modified landscapes: vulnerabilities to genetically modified corn in northern Guatemala

From the countryside to the cubicle, this contribution explores vulnerabilities to genetically modified (GM) contamination of maize landraces in northern Guatemala following the DR-CAFTA (Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement). Although some industrial farmers elsewhere in Guatemala might welcome GM seeds, in this lowland refuge zone, transnational agribusiness corporations would largely face a recalcitrant and risk-averse peasantry not easily converted into reliable customers. While the unpredictability of improvisational swidden systems in this dynamic frontier zone has protected small farmers from corporate seed marketers, it also leaves them vulnerable to informal (and invisible) GM gene flow into local maize landraces. Recent changes to Guatemala's biosafety regulatory structure may compound processes of involuntary contamination despite latent citizen opposition to GM corn.     

Climate-smart agriculture: what is it good for?

Leading international organisations presently argue that a transition to ‘climate-smart agriculture’ (CSA) is an obligatory task to ensure food supply for an anticipated nine billion people by 2050. Despite the rubric’s newfound importance, the conceptual underpinnings of CSA are often left unclear. Focusing on the World Bank’s framework, this paper critically interrogates the principles and concepts that underpin CSA. It argues that while CSA provides greater policy space for more holistic approaches to agriculture, it nonetheless operates within an apolitical framework that is narrowly focused on technical fixes at the level of production. This depoliticised approach to the global food system tends to validate existing policy agendas and minimise questions concerning power, inequality and access. By highlighting four strong tensions that permeate the CSA framework, the paper extols the need to greatly widen the scope of debate. To this end, it proposes an alternative ‘climate-wise’ framework to foreground the inherently political dimensions of food and agriculture in an era of climatic change.     

追溯体系对食品国际贸易的影响分析

食品安全是食品贸易的焦点问题,而追溯体系是保障食品安全性的重要举措。文章从追溯的内涵和种类出发,深入分析追溯体系的产生原因以及对食品国际贸易的影响。研究发现,消费者、企业和政府共同推动了可追溯体系的产生;追溯体系的发展提高了出口产品的竞争力、促进了食品产业链的合作交流与产业内贸易的发展;然而各国追溯体系发展的不平衡也给国际贸易带来挑战,我国作为食品生产和出口大国,也应积极推广追溯体系,提高食品的安全竞争力。