Missing pieces: an overview of the institutional puzzle

Institutional development has become a core component of international development programmes. Yet, institutional reforms have, to date, had a disappointing impact on poverty reduction in the South. The causality of the links between institutions and poverty reduction and how exactly the institutional environment and development outcomes affect each other is still unclear. A lack of analytical consensus has resulted in vague policy recommendations and a dearth of clear operational guidelines for international development practitioners. This article provides an overview of the main current institutional development debates and gaps in existing research, and identifies some key organisations working on institutional issues in the academic and practitioner spheres. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

我国企业技术创新能力探析

技术创新是企业持续发展的不竭动力,但长期以来经费不足、人才缺乏、体制不活、主题错位、创新意识不强、法制环境不完善等因素,阻碍了企业技术创新能力的发展。为此,应探索提高企业技术创新能力提高的途径,加大企业科研创新的社会化服务功能,营造一种爱科学、学科技、争创新的社会人文环境。     

行政体制改革与提高行政效率

为实现我国经济的跨越式发展目标,必须进行政府行政体制改革,首先应当在政府职能配置时力求与政府能力相适应,其次应通过提高政府的信用程度来提高政府行政效率。     

走出认识误区积极培育企业核心竞争力

从专业化经营到多元化经营再回归到核心竞争 ,这是当前经济发展的一个趋势。走出我国企业对核心竞争力认识上的误区 ,对如何培育企业的核心竞争力有着重要意义。     

论军事斗争准备中军人的法律期待与战斗力

军事斗争准备中军人的法律期待是一种特殊的法律意识,具有主体特定性、利益追求性、军事关联性、内容预期性等特点,产生于个人利益及其与军事行动间冲突的存在和良好的法治环境之中,包括对立法、执法和战争法规的期待.它直接而且根本地影响和制约战时部队的战斗力.目前部队官兵法律期待的状况,还不能完全适应军事斗争准备任务的现实需要,应当予以培养和引导.     

Capacity Building as an Instrument of Institutional Reform: Improving the Quality of Higher Education through Academic Audits in the UK, New Zealand, Sweden, and Hong Kong

As countries convert from state to market-centered public policies, there is increasing interest in new forms of public accountability. Capacity building initiatives that reform institutional frameworks are useful policy instruments during this period of transition. What are the impacts and implementation problems characteristic of this approach? This article reviews the experience with "Academic Audit," a capacity building accountability instrument for universities adopted in the UK, Sweden, New Zealand, and Hong Kong. Academic audits altered the incentives for cooperative behavior among faculty members to improve student learning. Identified implementation problems included: training for the new process, the uncertainty of capacity building benefits, and the central role of information.     

Rejoinder to comments by Frederick Kaijage,Oswald Masebo,and Innocent Pikirayi on the keynote speech, ‘writing history: flow and blockage in the circulation of knowledge’

ABSTRACT

Rejoinder to comments by Frederick Kaijage, Oswald Masebo, and Innocent Pikirayi on the keynote speech, ‘Writing History: Flow and Blockage in the Circulation of Knowledge’     

沦我国自然人破产能力立法的必要性和可行性

本文从必要性和可行性两个方面对我国破产法应赋予自然人破产能力进行了论述。必要性体现在国际交往、市场秩序、市场主体法律地位、对债权人和债务人平等保护四个方面;可行性体现在自然人具有权利能力、信用的发展、配套立法的完善、公平正义已成为人们的追求目标四个方面。     

从社会经济形态转变看网络经济特征

网络经济作为一种新的经济形态,并不只是单纯的电子技术革新,互联网技术及其对经济生活的深刻影响,也不是简单的"触网",必须从社会形态和经济生活的合理性中寻求对网络经济的全面理解.本文从生产与消费的关系入手寻找网络经济,继而就网络经济的涵义及特征进行探讨.     

日本妇女的M型就业状况问题与对策

M型就业是由于结婚生育而形成的妇女劳动力率的变化,是一些发达国家妇女就业的主要模式,其中以日本最为典型.M型就业模式强化了妇女在发展过程中的边缘化地位,不仅有悖于日本"男女共同参与社会"的基本理论,而且也不利于日本经济和社会的可持续发展.为此,日本政府颁行了一系列促进妇女就业的法律政策,力求通过营造兼顾工作和家庭的良好社会环境来促进妇女就业,收到了积极效果.