The media’s coverage of mass public shootings in America: fifty years of newsworthiness

This study uses a media distortion analysis to examine the New York Times coverage of mass public shooting incidents occurring in the United States from 1966 to 2016. A comparison between media coverage and actual incidents is used to identify the characteristics influencing the newsworthiness of mass public shootings. This work expands the breadth and depth of media and mass public shooting research, strengthening the validity of previous findings, and identifying new characteristics influencing newsworthiness. Findings indicate significant predictors of newsworthiness include higher casualties and injuries, as well as perpetrators that are young, Middle Eastern, and ideologically motivated. School shootings are more likely to receive any coverage, and all non-workplace shootings receive salient levels of coverage. An incident is also more likely to receive any coverage if a combination of weapons is used. These findings have important implications for public knowledge and perceptions of mass public shootings.     

新时代中国共产党群众组织力的伦理共识

群众组织力是指中国共产党发动群众、团结群众、带领群众进行中国特色社会主义事业建设的组织能力。群众组织力的伦理共识是中国特色社会主义道德体系不可逾越的前沿性课题。显在的伦理规范、潜在的共识、科学的精神谱系是建立群众组织力的理论和现实准备。群众组织力的发挥根本来说是一个共享式的群体系统,只有正确处理好求真之道与战略思维、明善之道与底线思维、审美之道与辩证思维、言志之道与历史思维、自觉之道与创新思维等五个方面的关系,才能寻求伦理共识。站在新时代的历史方位,群众组织力的伦理共识,不是传统的或古典的,而是现代的;不是思辨的,而是现实的。事实上,群众组织力的伦理共识将中华民族在漫长的文明演进中所打造的个体性和整体性有机地结合起来。在新时代,增强中国共产党群众组织力的伦理共识,需要实现从意义世界到生活世界的过渡、从道德形态到伦理规律的转换、从规范秩序的建构到政治伦理的建构,在增强群众组织力的历史进程中展现"伦理精神",同时外化为中国共产党人的日常政治生活。因此,群众组织力的伦理共识不是抽象的共识,而是基于政治生活和伦理生活的机理,扬弃冲突的、具体的、历史的和谐,实现政治伦理的和谐本质。     

Unwitting subjects of surveillance and the presumption of innocence

Mass surveillance programmes introduced by several EU Member States influence the protection that citizens enjoy on the basis of fundamental rights and freedoms. This paper focuses on the impact that these programmes have on the legal principle of presumption of innocence. The authors argue that even in those circumstances where the principle does not immediately apply because mass surveillance is undertaken before any criminal charge is issued, the collection of information and potential evidence limits the guarantees offered by the principle during the stages of a legal process. It is argued that mass surveillance programmes undermine the role of the principle of presumption of innocence at the stages of a criminal process and compromise, therefore, the very effectiveness of the legal process.     

党的群众路线的历史演进与现实意义

群众路线是党将马克思主义基本原理运用于中国革命实践的伟大创造,是党的理论、路线、方针和政策应有之义,体现了党的性质与宗旨,是党的根本工作路线、工作方法和宝贵经验总结。党根据不同时期的目标和任务,将群众路线创造性运用,赢得了民族的独立和人民的解放,走上了社会主义道路,取得了改革开放的伟大成就。在改革开放的新时期,只有坚持群众路线,才能永葆党的生机和活力,取得中国特色社会主义的伟大胜利。     

群体性事件中的身份利益群体研究

改革开放进入新时期以来,中国群体性事件的主体正在由事项利益群体转向身份利益群体。身份意识在结构上可细分为身份认同意识、身份利益意识、身份排斥意识和身份抗争意识,它们会对身份利益群体在群体性事件中的行为方式产生重要影响,并对冲突管理提出新的挑战。管理身份利益型冲突的目标、原则、策略和方式有别于事项利益型冲突,其管理目标应当定位于利益相关的各种身份群体间关系,促进各身份群体间的利益平衡;政府的角色应当居于中立地位,不偏不倚;管理机制和策略是设计公平和公开的身份群体间协商程序,并使协商过程和解决方案保持一定的透明度,以便形成能够在各身份群体间达致广泛共识的冲突解决方案。     

The 2012 sandy hook elementary school shooting: Connecticut’s department of mental health crisis response

This article reports on the role, activities, and lessons learned of a state mental health authority—the Connecticut Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services—in responding to the mental health needs of families and community members following the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting. Following the introduction, we provide a brief case study of Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services’ role in the aftermath of the Sandy Hook shooting. This role included use of the Incident Command System (ICS) to deploy a standing statewide network of clinicians who provided direct care for surviving children and school personnel, victims’ family members, and others, and coordination of its mental health response with the activities of other state, private, and individual players. We then discuss key themes and lessons learned and offer recommendations to mental health authorities for planning and implementing their own responses to possible like incidents in the future.     

Rapid,presumptive identification of seed-based toxins using direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) and its variants

Detection of seed-based toxins is a need for forensic chemists when suspected poisonings occur. The evidence that is found is often physically unidentifiable, as the seeds are mashed to extract the toxin. This work investigates potential strategies for rapid detection of seed-based toxins and seed mashes containing these toxins using chemical signatures obtained by direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). Seven toxins (digoxin, digitoxin, hypaconitine, hyoscyamine, lanatoside, oleandrin, and scopolamine) and six seeds containing these toxins were studied. While detection of four of the toxins was readily attainable, detection of digoxin, digitoxin, and lanatoside was hindered by the inability to thermally desorb these larger compounds under normal operating conditions. The use of DART-MS variants capable of higher desorption temperatures (thermal desorption (TD)-DART-MS and infrared thermal desorption (IRTD)-DART-MS) enabled detection of these compounds. Detection of toxins from direct analysis of seed mashes and methanolic seed mash extracts was found to be compound and technique dependent. Principal component analysis (PCA) of generated mass spectra enabled differentiation of seed species, even in cases where the toxins were undetectable.     

以民主视角践行党的群众路线

党的群众路线与民主互为保证、相互支持。践行党的群众路线具有重要的民主意义：有利于体现党的性质与宗旨;是发展社会主义民主政治的必然要求;是推进政治体制改革的重要动力;有利于巩固和扩大党的政治合法性。在群众路线实践活动中,要做到坚持人民主体地位,继续坚持和完善基层民主自治制度,继续完善人民代表大会制度,支持和壮大健康的公民社会。     

The Survivor Network: The Role of Shared Experiences in Mass Shootings Recovery

ABSTRACT

Social support from others with shared experiences can be an invaluable resource for individuals impacted by traumatic events, like school and mass shootings. While a growing body of literature explores the psychological impacts of these events on those who survive them, these studies predominantly focus on shootings at two universities, do not assess the effects beyond three years post-shooting, and rely almost exclusively on quantitative methodologies. To extend this body of literature, the present study relies on in-depth interviews with 16 survivors of the April 20, 1999 shooting at Columbine High School to explore the way in which they viewed various forms of social support during their trauma recovery process in both the short- and long-term. The findings indicate that the most effective support came from “similar others,” or those who had experienced the shooting in an analogous manner. Social support from the outside, even when well-intended, was viewed as unhelpful, while mixed perspectives were found related to community-level support. Based on these findings, broader consideration is given to the benefits of informal survivor networks.     

公安边防机关利用情报预防和处置群体性事件的策略

由于群体性事件的突发性和难以预知性,情报工作越来越凸显其重要性。只有健全和完善情报收集制度、情报分析和研判制度、情报报送制度、情报评估和奖励制度,才能及时了解边防辖区群体性事件的动态,做好预防和处置工作。