The Courts,Intimate Partner Violence and Mental Illness: The Case of Dwight Lamon Jones

Through the lens of the high-profile spree killing perpetrated by Dwight Lamon Jones in 2018 in Phoenix, Arizona, this article examines the way the criminal and civil courts grappled with assessing the significance, extent, and outcome of the IPV and abuse directed at Dr. Connie Jones, Dwight Jones’s former wife. The case is unusual, not least because Dr. Jones had an upper middle-class income and numerous resources IPV victims do not normally enjoy. Nevertheless, she felt the courts let her family down. Journalists, victim advocates, and others also criticized the Arizona courts. The article outlines the spree killing and the criticisms of the courts, narrates Jones over a period of nine years including the IPV and mental illness, and, through the work of the Study Committee convened by Arizona Chief Justice Bales, explores the potential use of IPV risk assessments in the courts, particularly the family court, and related matters. It concludes with recommendations regarding possible preventive interventions in IPV cases, including those addressing mental illness.     

论保险法中“伞状”因果关系下“原因力”规则的适用

传统保险法运用“近因”理论对一因一果及“链状”因果关系探讨较多,其本质是寻找“有效的和居支配地位的原因”.但实践中往往存在“多项近因”,因果关系呈“伞状”特征.对于“伞状”因果关系下的保险责任问题,借鉴“原因力”规则是一种新的路径.具体适用时需根据原因力大小,将“伞状”因果关系细分为“复合原因”、“并存原因”和“混合原因”,再按照“绝对比例”规则,并与举证责任分配相结合,来解决是否赔付及赔付范围问题.     

人体接触检材前处理方式对磁珠法提取DNA效果的影响

目的比较3种常见的接触检材前处理方式对磁珠法提取DNA效果的影响。方法收集烟蒂、牙刷、纱线手套各10份;分别采用95℃、70℃直接裂解和TNE、SDS、PK预消化方式进行前处理,再用磁珠法提取纯化DNA,并进行DNA定量,统计提取的接触DNA量和IPC CT值;同时用Sinofiler复合扩增系统进行STR分型检测。结果 3种方法前处理后用磁珠提取的DNA纯度均较高I,PC CT值在26.63～27.19之间。用预消化法获得的DNA量高于裂解法,而95℃裂解与70℃裂解方法提取的DNA量无显著性差异。STR扩增检测结果亦表明,采用预消化法处理的样品STR分型成功率高于裂解法9,5℃与70℃裂解方法处理的样品STR分型成功率无显著性差异。结论人体接触检材采用预消化磁珠法提取DNA,有助于提高STR检验成功率。     

SYBR GreenI实时荧光PCR技术在人类DNA定量中的应用

目的建立SYBR Green I实时荧光定量PCR技术在法医物证检验中的应用。方法应用SYBR Green I实时荧光定量PCR技术对各种生物检材进行定量分析,并在此基础上进一步分析STR。结果得到了实验的各种生物检材的准确定量。结论SYBRSYBR Green I实时荧光定量PCR技术是一种高效且廉价的检测基因拷贝数的方法,具有法医学应用价值。     

论继承权丧失制度——以我国《继承法》第7条的修改为中心

继承权丧失制度是"任何人不得于其不法行为中获利原则"的体现,是对继承人不法或不道德行为的一种民事制裁。既不能纵容继承人的不法或不道德行为,也不能对继承人过于严苛,同时应充分尊重被继承人的意思。建议增加"以欺诈或胁迫手段迫使、妨害被继承人订立、变更或撤销遗嘱的"作为相对丧失继承权的法定事由。同时,若继承人遗弃被继承人或虐待被继承人情节严重的,由当然相对丧失继承权改为须经被继承人表示丧失继承权。     

我国不起诉制度的历史、现状与完善

不起诉制度是刑罚理论由惩罚论到目的论转化的产物,是刑事起诉便宜主义的具体体现。1996年刑事诉讼法取消了"定罪免刑"的免于起诉制度,通过规定酌定不起诉保留了检察机关在审查起诉阶段的自由裁量权,增设证据不足不起诉,在一定程度上缓解了公安机关由于证据不足超期羁押的现象。但是经过十几年的司法实践,我国不起诉制度出现了一些问题:法定不起诉立法范围过窄、相对不起诉的自由裁量空间有限、证据不足的可以不起诉违反了疑罪从无的精神。完善我国不起诉制度就要通过扩大法定不起诉和相对不起诉的范围来发挥其便宜主义的功能、实行暂缓起诉制度在被害人权益和社会公共利益之间寻找平衡点。     

Identification from Chest X‐Rays: Reliability of Bone Density Patterns of the Humerus*

Abstract: A critical review of Kahana and Hiss’ study on identification from bone trabecular pattern and a test of their method conducted on the humerus are presented. Bone trabecular pattern was studied through the generation of a numerical file representing the gray scale. Using the correlation coefficient, several pairwise comparisons between numerical files were performed. The test gave nearly 30% of incorrect exclusions (the method did not recognize couples of radiographs belonging to the same subject) and 50% of misidentifications (the method recognized couples of radiographs belonging to different subjects, as belonging to the same subject); therefore, this research shows that at the present time, it is not possible to safely quantify identification through bone density patterns, of the proximal humerus taken from thoracic X‐rays. Thus, an “easy”—but dangerous—use of trabecular density patterns on this specific type of radiogram as an identification method should be currently avoided.     

绝对权请求权与侵权请求权的竞合问题

我国《物权法》规定了物权请求权,《侵权责任法》则规定了多样化的责任承担方式,涵盖了绝对权请求权的内容,对绝对权请求权和侵权请求权的关系采取了竞合的立法模式,造成了二者适用上的困境。竞合的模式具有合理性,同时应该处理好时效、侵权构成要件、归责原则等问题。对于绝对权侵权责任可以适用无损害的无过错的责任原则。     

中华民族凝聚力量化测评指标体系及方法探讨

中华民族凝聚力的量化,需要将复杂的理论问题简单化为可操作的系统,其中,最为关键的是需要设计出测评指标和操作方法。民族成员的凝聚倾向则是民族凝聚力的外在表现,这种凝聚倾向可以通过民族成员对中华民族、国家和社会的热爱程度得到近似反映。本文在对中华民族凝聚力层级结构作出分析的基础上,提出了一套民族凝聚力(民族成员凝聚倾向)的量化测评的指标体系,由此通过问卷调查方法,从一个侧面对民族凝聚力进行量化测评。     

Parsimony in the Study of Tolerance and Intolerance

In replying to Mondak and Sanders, I introduce the notion of ``Kelvinist tolerance,' or an absolute absence of any intolerance whatsoever. I contend that while we can imagine such an extreme level of tolerence, in our empirical world it occurs about as frequently as the absolute zero of the Kelvin scale of temperature. Consequently, I reject the assertion of Mondak and Sanders that special statistical approaches are essential for analyzing tolerance, arguing instead in favor of parsimony in both conceptualization and analytical strategies.