联合国刑事司法准则与我国审前羁押

相比较联合国刑事司法准则关于人身自由权的规定,我国审前羁押的现状存在诸多问题,被羁押人的各项权利保护不足。应结合联合国刑事司法准则及我国国情,完善我国的审前羁押制度。     

从立法上完善我国的未决羁押制度

我国的未决羁押制度存在着羁押适用率高、超期羁押现象普遍、逮捕未与羁押实行分离、看守所未能充分保障被羁押人合法权利等诸多问题。究其原因,主要是我国现行刑事诉讼法对该制度的规定欠缺科学性与合理性。因此,立法机关有必要采取有效措施,严格未决羁押期限,实行捕押分离制度,进行看守所体制改革,使未决羁押制度既能保障司法办案,又能保障被羁押人的权益。     

Deportation, Detention & Torture by Proxy: Foreign National Terror Suspects in the UK

In many ways his article confronts the Sociologist C. Wright Mills’s famous injunction on turning private troubles into public issues. However, this is a trickier process than usual as the victims at the centre of these private troubles are not children, women, lesbian, gays, the elderly, or the disabled. The victims here are what Stan Cohen has described as ‘impure victims’, in that they are individuals who are suspected of being ‘involved’ in ‘terrorist’ activities. The private troubles these impure victims are experiencing are the loss of many of the rights most of us enjoy (for example, the right to liberty and the right to a fair trial). The public issue that will be examined here is what étienne Balibar refers to as the reality of the extreme violence of the State in contemporary societies against ‘radically excluded’ individuals. This chapter is an examination of the long and winding road to the Government achieving its over-riding ambition in the war on terror in the UK: the deportation of terror suspects to regimes where (despite diplomatic assurances) torture is inevitable.

Biopolitics,borders, and refugee camps: exercising sovereign power over nonmembers of the state†

This article addresses the relationship between the concepts of national identity and biopolitics by examining a border-transit camp for repatriates, refugees, and asylum seekers in Germany. Current studies of detention spaces for migrants have drawn heavily on Agamben’s reflection on the “camp” and “homo sacer,” where the camp is analyzed as a space in a permanent state of exception, in which the government exercises sovereign power over the refugee as the ultimate biopolitical subject. But what groups of people can end up at a camp, and does the government treat all groups in the same way? This article examines the German camp for repatriates, refugees, and asylum seekers as a space where the state’s borders are demarcated and controlled through practices of bureaucratic and narrative differentiation among various groups of people. The author uses the concept of detention space to draw a theoretical link between national identity and biopolitics, and demonstrates how the sovereign’s practices of control and differentiation at the camp construct German national identity through defining “nonmembers” of the state. The study draws on ethnographic fieldwork at the Friedland border transit camp and on a discourse analysis of texts produced at the camp or for the camp.     

Foreign,criminal: a doubly damned modern British folk-devil

An association of strangers with danger and criminality is one of the most enduring social myths. However, in the UK, it was only after a media outcry 10 years ago over the release of foreign nationals from British prisons, that the ‘Foreign Criminal’ exploded into political and popular consciousness. Despite the small numbers of people involved, the location of this folk devil at the intersection of legal and moral assessments of ‘wickedness’ and alterity imbues it with considerable potency and has ensured that its reverberations are still felt strongly a decade later. Drawing on qualitative research with immigration detainees, deportees and irregular migrants, the article considers some of the many faces of the Foreign Criminal and illuminates their racialised, classed and gendered natures. It argues that a twin set of developments – coalescing around Operation Nexus and curtailed Article 8 right protections – work together to taint a growing number of non-citizens with criminality, whilst simultaneously undermining their claim to belong. Case studies are presented to demonstrate the fault lines of this malleable and expanding category, and to argue that the Foreign Criminal is paradigmatic of both social disorder and national boundaries, and is fundamentally shifting the lines of citizenship and belonging.     

对人民警察留置盘问权的法律思考

留置盘问权是《人民警察法》赋予人民警察当场强制扣押违法犯罪嫌疑人 ,对其进行讯问查证的重要权力。留置盘问是一种限制公民人身自由的强制措施 ,兼具行政性和司法性双重性质 ,其具有当场性、临时性、嫌疑性的特征。为在实践中正确适用留置措施 ,避免适用不当给公安机关带来负面影响 ,有必要对留置这一强制措施的性质、适用范围、适用程序等问题 ,在相关程序法中予以进一步规定。     

The Treatment of Foreign Terror Suspects

Following the bombings in London of July 2005, the Prime Minister, Tony Blair warned that 'the rules of the game are changing'. The proposed changes have primarily related to foreign suspects of terrorism and engage rules relating to asylum, deportation and nationality. The Terrorism Act 2006 and the Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006, which give effect to the proposals, are examined and analysed with reference to the policy choices in regard to counter-terrorism strategy, to the weighting of rights against policy, and to choices between rights, including the treatment of absolute rights.     

论司法拘留与民事拘留

科学客观地确立司法拘留与民事拘留的关系,不仅是拘留理论深入研究的需要,也是拘留立法和拘留实践发展的需要,本文在考察对该关系的众多观点的基础上,认为当今的司法拘留与民事拘留是一种广义交叉关系和狭义全异关系,主张这两种关系中的“民事拘留”名称应被具有个别性的具体名称所取代。     

拘禁索财行为之性质分析——由一则案例引发的思考

引诱他人发生性关系后,想以此为借口勒索钱财,却长时间拘禁被害人的行为如何定性,在司法实践中常有争议。在这个系列行为中部分行为与敲诈勒索罪类似,部分行为又和绑架相同。结合具体案情,两罪除了考虑主观方面和客体特征外,主要分析行为客观方面的危害行为,胁迫情形,勒索对象等,关键在于具体分析行为人实施威胁的方式和内容,也就是说迫使被害人或其他人“心甘情愿”交付财物被告人的原因。     

强迫职工劳动罪初探

根据无刑罚即无犯罪原则,应认为强迫职工劳动罪的犯罪主体是直接责任人员,所谓单罚制在刑法分则中并无体现。暴力、胁迫、殴打、非法拘禁等均是限制人身自由的手段。从立法完善的角度考虑,应规定本罪的主体包括自然人和单位,将罪状修改为“以限制人身自由的方法强迫他人劳动,情节严重的……,”并增设转化犯的规定。