推进农村城镇化进程促进少数民族地区新农村建设

党的十六届五中全会提出要建设社会主义新农村,同时强调要促进农村城镇化的健康协调发展。我们认为,社会主义新农村建设赋予农村城镇化建设以新的内涵和意义,农村城镇化建设既是社会主义新农村建设的本质内容和基本目标,又是社会主义新农村建设的重要途径。本文以建设社会主义新农村思想为指导,探讨了我国少数民族地区在新时期如何进一步加快推进农村城镇化进程,以期更好地促进少数民族地区社会主义新农村建设。     

私法效果的弹性化机制-以不合意、错误与合同解释为例

刚性的“要件一效果”模式,易导致个案的非正义。私法效果的弹性化,可透过要件的动态化而实现。合意与否、错误与否的判断,需在信赖合理性与归责性比较权衡的基础上透过合同解释来完成。合同解释为要件的动态化提供了场域。合同解释中,通过信赖合理性和归责性要件动态化的比较权衡,可分别得出:不合意且无责任、不合意同时承担缔约过失责任、合意且有错误而可撤销、合意虽有错误但不可撤销等结论,从而实现法律效果的弹性化。     

Determining Shoe Length from Partial Shoeprints

The length of a shoe has significant value in reflecting characteristics of the owner, and thereby, it can help in tracking suspects in criminal cases. However, the shoeprints left at a crime scene are often incomplete, resulting in difficulties in assessing shoe length. To find a way to estimate the shoe length from a partial shoeprint, 109 shoes with different sizes and general patterns were collected, and their prints were lifted using magnetic powder. Four feature points were defined on a shoeprint, and the longest distance between the feature points was defined as shoe length. Using linear, quadratic, and cubic regression analyses, a total of 15 equations were obtained between the shoe length and the other distances between the feature points. Out of these, the five most accurate equations were selected as the optimal equation. The verified test, including another 18 pairs of shoes, showed an average error of equations between 0.591 cm and 0.732 cm. The equations were also applied in two practical cases, resulting in good accuracy. The study demonstrates that shoe length could be determined from partial shoeprints through the proven equations.     

Dynamic-opportunistic behaviour in local government contracting-out decisions during the electoral cycle

A major question for public managers is whether municipal services should be rendered in-house or contracted out. In view of the negative perceptions often aroused by contracting out, this political decision might be framed within a theoretical model that we term ‘dynamic-opportunistic behaviour’. According to this model, the probability of municipal services being contracted out is greater in the years immediately following elections; moreover, during this period the decision is taken more quickly. In this theoretical model, not all factors (budgetary, economic, political, service characteristics and socio-economic) have an equal impact on the contracting-out decision during each year of the electoral cycle. The model was applied to a sample of 2,274 Spanish municipalities, with respect to a broad time horizon (2002–2014), and the results obtained confirm our hypotheses regarding dynamic-opportunistic behaviour in the contracting out of local public services.     

Dividing the Oils: Dynamic Bargaining as Policy Formation in the Nigerian Petroleum Industry

In academic studies of the interface between developing countries and large multinational oil corporations, scholars have noted that over time and through repeated interaction, the developing countries tend to negotiate better outcomes for themselves: they progress along a learning curve by incrementally improving their outcomes through bargaining and strategic interaction. This phenomenon can be demonstrated in a number of oil-rich developing countries. Nigeria's case, however, is more complex. During the two decades following its independence, the state successfully negotiated for more control over—made strides in the developing of the skills necessary to manage—its petroleum industry, as our model would predict. Then, in a puzzling late-1970s-to-mid-1980s change of course, the government abruptly gave back concessions, undermined local entrepreneurial endeavors, and repealed indigenization laws. This paper combines, in the analytic narrative tradition, the case study method with an extensive form game; it applies a dynamic bargaining model to Nigeria's historical experience, demonstrating that Nigeria improved its outcomes and ascended along the "bargaining learning curve," only to reverse policy and "unlearn," with serious consequences for the Nigerian population. Even so, the demonstration of both successful and improved outcomes in past negotiations give evidence that Nigeria could once again ascend its bargaining learning curve if the government were to re-commit to such a policy.     

邓小平法制思想初探

本文系统地分析了邓小平法制思想形成过程及其产生所带来的重大意义 ,阐述了邓小平法制思想的特征。在依法治国的新时期 ,邓小平法制思想已经渗透到我国经济建设的方方面面 ,指导着我国的法制建设     

对峙性缉捕战术研究

对峙性缉捕是指在缉捕主体和缉捕对象都已将对方纳入视野,形成对峙的状态下所展开的缉捕。对峙性缉捕战术包括遭遇性对峙缉捕战术、围捕战术、动态对峙缉捕战术。     

延胡索块茎生长发育过程观察

目的 观察延胡索不同生长期新生块茎和母块茎的特点。方法 用定点连续观察和石蜡切片法，跟踪观察延胡索块茎形成过程及新生块茎、母块茎的生长变化。结果 由地下茎产生的新生块茎生长起点在母株的茎节处，其形成需要某些必要的条件；母块茎退化成更新块茎的周皮，其脱落需要几个月的时间；栽培品产生双生及多生块茎较野生品常见；块茎中含有荧光生物碱。结论 新生块茎的形成方式具多样性；退化的周皮对更新块茎具保护作用；栽培品无性繁殖能力较强；荧光生物碱在延胡索成熟块茎中的分布广泛，没有聚集性。     

Business model–dynamic capabilities and open innovation initiatives in research-intensive organisations: A case of Australia's national science agency

Publicly funded national science agencies create value as innovation catalysts and through their scientific and research missions, they tackle wicked problems. Understanding how dynamic capabilities and business model innovation enable research-intensive organisations to seize the market in the mission is key to translating bold new science that has impact. We qualitatively explore how Australia's national science agency—the Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)—has pursued open innovation to support business model–dynamic capabilities in an evolving publicly funded landscape. We reflect on the value of open innovation initiatives that have allowed the CSIRO to ambidextrously pursue world-class science while achieving impact.

Points for practitioners

• Dynamic capabilities and business model innovation are strategic tools for publicly funded national science agencies seeking to seize the market in the mission.
• We examine a case of business model–dynamic capabilities in CSIRO.
• Open innovation has been important for CSIRO as part of an ambidextrous approach.

     

陪审团评议简论:一个群体动力学的分析

陪审团评议过程是组成陪审团这个特殊群体的陪审员们通过讨论相互影响 ,最终作出裁决的互动过程。本文运用群体动力学一般理论将陪审团视为一个功能性团体来研究其评议过程 ,从新的视角对陪审团审判制度作了深一步地研究。作者认为研究实践性很强的法律问题时 ,在注重理论研究的同时 ,应当适当采用新的方法 ,从新的研究角度入手 ,以实证材料来支持理论研究。