城市外来少数民族文化适应的三层面分析模式--以深圳"中国民俗文化村"员工为例

本文在田野调查资料的基础上,描述了深圳中国民俗文化村的少数民族员工在物质维度、制度维度和精神维度的文化适应状况,提出了适用于文化适应研究领域的三维分析模式.文章认为,在面对纷繁复杂的文化适应现象时,三维分析模式能为研究者提供一个层次分明的观察基点.     

创造性的侦查思维 --论侦查假说的提出

侦查假说的提出是一种创造性的思维过程.侦查活动的目的是实现案件的最终侦破,在这个过程中,侦查假说的正确与否决定着整个侦查工作的成败.通常认为,侦查活动就是围绕侦查假说而展开的推理和论证的过程,因此,如何准确地提出侦查假说,并围绕其展开正确的推理和论证,就成为每个侦查人员必须研究、掌握的知识.     

The Capability of Raman Microspectroscopy to Differentiate Printing Inks

This study applies Raman microspectroscopy to differentiate the chemical components in printing inks of different brands, colors, and type using the 532 nm and 785 nm excitation wavelengths. Spectra were collected from 319 inks (78 inkjet, 76 toner, 79 offset, and 86 intaglio) representing various colors. Comparisons were performed to calculate discrimination capability percentages for each ink type. Overall, Raman microspectroscopy differentiates according to the following hierarchy: intaglio (96%), inkjet (92%), offset (90%), and toner (61%). The ability of Raman microspectroscopy to differentiate between same‐colored inks from different brands was dependent on the color and ink analyzed. Based on ink color, the discrimination capability ranged from 75 to 94% (inkjet), 0 to 86% (toner), and 0 to 77% (offset). Copper phthalocyanine was detected in cyan inks and various intaglio inks, while carbon black was identified in black inkjet, offset, and intaglio inks.     

Fate and Behavior of Gunshot Residue—A Review

A review of the literature concerning the fate and behavior of gunshot residue (GSR) is presented. A number of concomitant parameters including firearm and ammunition type, plume and GSR material characteristics, travel distances, chemical composition and GSR morphology are critically discussed in relation to their effects on the distribution and deposition, transfer and persistence processes of GSR. The underlying mechanisms associated with such processes are also considered. Knowledge of these processes on GSR materials could provide valuable information concerning scene preservation and subsequent forensic sampling. The number of GSR particles deposited can vary significantly with each firearm discharge, highlighting the potential to produce distinctive data in each individual case. With the continual development and compositional changes of new ammunition types, further evaluation of the effect these processes may have on GSR evidence and their possible influence on the interpretation of the analytical results should be given due consideration.     

Measuring the Rarity of Fingerprint Patterns in the Dutch Population Using an Extended Classification Set

Latent print examiners often use their experience and knowledge to reach a conclusion on the identity of the source. Their conclusion is primarily based on their personal opinion on the rarity of the matching fingerprint features. Fingerprint patterns, if present, can play a significant role in the final assessment of a match. The authors believe that statistical data on the rarity of fingerprint patterns strengthens the subjective evaluation of the corresponding information. In order to provide fingerprint examiners with additional numerical support, fingerprint patterns were manually classified in a set of 24,104 fingerprints. In this study the frequencies of occurrence of 35 different fingerprint patterns have been obtained. The frequency data presented in this study can be used in the ACE‐V process applied in forensic casework, allowing for the assessment of the evidential strength related to a specific fingerprint pattern type.     

An Assessment of the Skeletal Fracture Patterns Resulting from Fatal High (˃3 m) Free Falls

The injury patterns resulting from fatal high (?3 m) free falls have previously been documented in clinical and medico‐legal contexts; however, details relating specifically to the skeletal blunt force trauma (BFT) have been limited. This study aimed to augment what is known of the skeletal fracture patterns resulting from fatal high free falls. Skeletal trauma was analyzed from full‐body postmortem computed tomography scans of 95 individuals who died following a high free fall. Fracture patterns were documented using the five general anatomical regions, axial and appendicular regions, and postcranial unilateral and bilateral regions. Patterns were analyzed in the context of the extrinsic and intrinsic variables that may influence fractures using multiple logistic regression. Fracture patterns involved all aspects of the skeleton, with 98.9% exhibiting polytrauma, and were influenced primarily by the height fallen, manner of death, and landing surface. This improved understanding of fracture patterns will augment anthropological interpretations of the mechanism of BFT in cases of suspected high falls.     

In situ Study on the Diffusion Kinetics of Seal Ink by Microinfrared Spectroscopy

In document examination, it is of great importance to determine the composition of seal ink with different imprint times, and spectroscopic methods are widely used today. In this research, the diffusion of seal inks from three different brands on the same type of paper is monitored in situ by microinfrared spectroscopy and microinfrared imaging technology. The area of the absorption peak at 1743 cm^?1 gradually decreases with increasing diffusion time. The diffusion kinetics of seal ink on paper are also studied by analyzing the infrared spectra of seal inks at the same measuring point with different diffusion times. The research provides a basic study in understanding the diffusion behavior of seal ink on paper over short time spans.     

我国新型农村合作医疗筹资问题研究

资金是制约合作医疗发展的瓶颈。农村合作医疗几十年的起伏跌宕，都突出表现在资金问题上。为确保新型农村合作医疗制度可持续发展，必须从我国的实际国情出发，不断探索和完善稳定、高效、便捷、持续的筹资思路和办法。     

论提高工人工资与推进我国收入分配制度改革

近年来,我国居民收入差距不断扩大,工人的工资低且增长缓慢,而垄断行业员工的工资过高、增长过快。因此,调整产业结构,重视劳动的价值,加强对垄断行业的监管,充分发挥工会组织在维护工人权益方面的作用,是提高工人工资,推进我国收入分配制度改革,促进社会和谐的题中之义。     

现代化进程中政府行为定位的三种模式

现代化中的政府行为问题应该说是一个老而常新的问题。在人类200多年的现代化进程中,内生型现代化国家的政府行为以"市场合理性"为基准,主要目标在于弥补市场失灵,已经实现现代化的外源型国家的政府行为以"计划合理性"为基准,主要目的是实现国家整体目标。正处于现代化进程中的外源型国家要以"有效性"为基准进行政府行为定位,目的是提高发展效益和缩短发展时间。