老年人生活满意度影响因素实证分析——以江苏省泰州市为例

老年人生活满意度是老年人对自身生活状态的主观评价,是反映养老质量的直接指标。为了解老年人养老状况和生活满意度,并找出老年人生活满意度的影响因素,在借鉴了相关研究成果的基础上,该文对江苏省泰州市老年人养老状况进行了调查,对可能影响老年人生活满意度的若干因素进行了卡方检验和回归分析,找出了影响老年人生活满意度的因素,对于改进养老模式、改善养老状况具有一定意义。     

职业资格证书对大学毕业生就业质量的影响效应 —— 来自 CLDS（2014）的实证分析

本文使用CLDS(2014)数据,首先构建了大学毕业生就业质量指标评价体系,然后利用分位数回归方法对职业资格证书如何影响其就业质量进行实证检验。研究发现:影响大学毕业生就业质量的一级指标共有11个,其中职业资格证书和工作培训构成的工作技能排在第四位。计量回归结果显示:职业资格证书对大学毕业生就业质量的影响显著为正,且随着分位点数的提升呈现倒U型特征。分样本回归结果显示:职业资格证书对女大学毕业生就业质量的影响要显著高于男大学毕业生;在所有分位点上,职业资格证书对农村户籍的大学毕业生就业质量的影响要显著高于城镇户籍的大学毕业生,且两者之间的差距随着分位点数的提升逐渐缩小。因此,大学毕业生要有明确的职业目标和规划,高校要合理引导,理性考证,提高大学毕业生自身技能和就业质量。     

THE MULTILEVEL CONTEXT OF CRIMINAL SENTENCING: INTEGRATING JUDGE‐ AND COUNTY‐LEVEL INFLUENCES*

This study extends recent inquiries of contextual effects in sentencing by jointly examining the influence of judge and courtroom social contexts. It combines two recent years of individual sentencing data from the Pennsylvania Commission on Sentencing (PCS) with data on judicial background characteristics and county court social contexts. Three‐level hierarchical models are estimated to investigate the influence of judge and county contexts on individual variations in sentencing. Results indicate that nontrivial sentencing variations are associated with both individual judge characteristics and county court contexts. Judicial background factors also condition the influence of individual offender characteristics in important ways. These and other findings are discussed in relation to contemporary theoretical perspectives on courtroom decision making that highlight the importance of both judge and court contexts in sentencing. The study concludes with suggestions for future research on contextual disparities in criminal sentencing.     

依据手足印推算身高体重的可行性研究

目的探讨身高、体重与足迹、手印长宽的关系,有助于利用犯罪现场的手印、足迹推断遗留人的身高与体重。方法通过足迹、手印的捺印和测量,大量地收集样本足迹、手印与身高、体重等数据,借助SPSS数理统计软件,进行一元线性回归分析。结果分别建立了由左右足迹、手印全长、掌宽推算身高与体重的十个一元线性回归方程,并对依据左、右侧指标分别推算结果的可靠性进行比较研究。结论可利用回归法由足迹、手印来推算身高、体重。在左右两侧足迹、手印都可利用的情况下,推断身高时应优先选用右侧;推断体重时应优先选用左侧。     

SIBLING DEVIANCE: IN THE SHADOWS OF MUTUAL AND UNIQUE FRIENDSHIP EFFECTS?*

Drawing on a large sample of genetically related pairs of adolescents from the Add Health, we examine the influence of sibling deviance on adolescents' participation in minor deviance compared to the influence received from mutual friends (i.e., friends shared between siblings) and influence from unique friends (i.e., friends unique to each sibling). Multivariate analyses that control for genetic relatedness using DeFries‐Fulker regression (1985) indicate that after aspects of the shared and non‐shared environment of siblings are accounted for, the heritability effect, capturing genetic relatedness in sibling deviance, is no longer significantly associated with deviance. The deviance of siblings' unique friends accounts for a large portion of the heritability effect of sibling deviance.     

Area characteristics and regional variates as determinants of area property crime levels

This article seeks to examine the area characteristics that act as determinants of area property crime levels, namely, incidence and prevalence. The crime figures are extracted from the 1984 British Crime Survey. Area characteristics are taken from the 1981 UK census. Initial exploratory analysis considers the non-Gaussian nature of the crime data, the statistical implications of this, and the transformations used to overcome these problems. In addition, possible regional and inner-city/non-inner-city variations are considered. The later stages move from simple individual correlations to multiple regression models. Three regression models are considered and the reasons for refining these are explored, with the results indicating that both area characteristics and regional influences play a role as determinants of the area crime level. In particular, population density and the area population age profile have significant roles to play. The conclusions support the recent revival of the application of ecological concepts in the analysis of crime levels.     

利用赤足外缘长推算身高

利用赤足足迹分析身高在案件侦破工作中具有较为重要的价值。赤足外缘长与足长存在着一元线性回归关系 ,据此可由赤足外缘长推算足长 ,进而推算留痕人的身高。     

Multivariate Classification of Original and Fake Perfumes by Ion Analysis and Ethanol Content

The increased marketing of fake perfumes has encouraged us to investigate how to identify such products by their chemical characteristics and multivariate analysis. The aim of this study was to present an alternative approach to distinguish original from fake perfumes by means of the investigation of sodium, potassium, chloride ions, and ethanol contents by chemometric tools. For this, 50 perfumes were used (25 original and 25 counterfeit) for the analysis of ions (ion chromatography) and ethanol (gas chromatography). The results demonstrated that the fake perfume had low levels of ethanol and high levels of chloride compared to the original product. The data were treated by chemometric tools such as principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis. This study proved that the analysis of ethanol is an effective method of distinguishing original from the fake products, and it may potentially be used to assist legal authorities in such cases.     

On the Relationship of Technical Images With Their Outside

What is reality, the truth, good, justice, man, etc., is something we have learned from texts for a historically long period of time. Together with writing and linear alphabet, a new ability which could be called conceptual thinking has become part of our life. Therefore, deciphering texts means nothing else than revealing images denoted by these texts. Traditionally, learning meant to be able to read in the book of the world, i.e., to learn to code the world in texts using linear writing first and then to learn to decipher texts applied to reality. Media theorist Vil6m Flusser states in his key texts that technical images become a dominant cognitive metaphor of the contemporary society. New social culture is being formed in connection with their creation, distribution, transfer, and consumption. Such new social structure needs new criteria of analysis and requires a new interpretive beginning. Flusser does not wonder how a medium is possible, but he deals with the consequences of the effect of one type of media abstraction, namely technical images. The following paper briefly analyses the dominant cognitive metaphor of Flusser＇s theory --the concept technical image.