论消费欺诈诉讼案件证明难题的化解路径——以一个《最高人民法院公报》案例为样本的分析

消费欺诈诉讼案件中对＂欺诈＂事实的证明责任分配依＂规范说＂应由消费者承担,不应由法官裁量证明责任来改变法定的证明责任分配。法官自由裁量权应在证明评价与自由心证等环节加以运用。疑难案件的解决应坚持在严格遵循法定证明责任分配原则的基础上,通过司法实践生成诉讼证明的具体规则的路径来加以解决。     

政府应充分发挥工会在调整利益分配格局中的作用

社会和谐稳定的基础是各阶层利益相对均衡。工资协商共决,是工会维权的核心举措和基本手段;公共服务社会治理,是工会维权的相关领域。这是工会在调整社会利益格局中两个基本支点。各级政府在调整劳资利益和社会阶层利益中,运行手中行政权力资源,提供相应制度配置和物质保障,充分发挥工会的国家政权重要社会支柱作用。     

电针治疗严重功能性便秘疗效观察

目的评价电针治疗严重功能性便秘的近期和远期临床疗效。方法将70例严重功能性便秘患者随机分为电针组和假电针组,每组35例。电针组患者接受双侧天枢、腹结、上巨虚深刺,假电针组患者接爱双侧天枢旁、腹结旁、上巨虚旁非穴点浅刺。于基线期、治疗8周末和随访12周末,分别观察两组患者每周完全自主排便(complete spontaneous bowel movements,CSBM)次数、自主排便(spontaneous bowel movements,SBM)次数,以及Bristol粪便性状(Bristol Stool Scale,BSS)评分、排便困难程度评分。结果与基线期比较,治疗期和随访期两组每周CSBM次数均显著增加(P0.01),但电针组每周CSBM次数增加值显著大于假电针组(P0.01)。在随访期,电针组每周CSBM次数≥3的病例数增加率显著大于假电针组(P0.05)。在次要结局指标方面,电针组每周SBM次数和BSS评分增加值以及排便困难程度评分降低值均显著大于假电针组。结论电针治疗严重功能性便秘疗效确切,远期疗效较好。     

检察机关服务基层长效机制建设研究

当前检察机关在服务联系基层工作中存在联系渠道传统、单一,缺乏沟通技巧以及群众工作能力与社会新形势不相适应等现实问题,而这导致了检察机关与基层之间存在一定程度的脱节,两者之间不能实现无缝衔接及有效互动,这在一定程度上损毁了检察机关执法公信力,进而成为制约检察工作科学发展的瓶颈。文章通过资料分析及实证研究等方法,建议从加强沟通的平台建设以畅通群众诉求、加强群众工作能力建设以提高服务水平等方面建立服务基层的长效机制。     

The Spatial Distribution of Postblast RDX Residue: Forensic Implications

Locating exactly where trace explosive residue samples should be sought during sample collection at bomb scenes is not specified in the published literature or guidelines; in this area, it is generally acknowledged that forensic practices are based on tradition rather than evidence. This study investigated patterns in the spatial distribution of postblast 1,3,5‐trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazocyclohexane residue from a series of unconfined detonations, over a range of sampling sites, and at two different detonation heights. The amount of residue recovered from the sites decreased as a function of distance from the center of the explosion. [Correction added after online publication 27 December 2012: In the preceding sentence, “increased” was corrected to “decreased” to agree with the conclusion of the article.] As the height of the detonations increased, more residues were found from all sampling sites. The findings of this empirical study have a number of important practical implications including determining where residue samples are best sought at crime scenes.     

工农业协调发展的体制演进考察

我国工农业发展与资源配置方式直接相关。计划经济体制下形成城乡工农业部门资源配置的隔离格局,造成农业生产的"内卷化"及城市工业低效率和高消耗的恶性循环;市场取向改革条件下形成城乡工农业部门资源配置的双向互动格局;市场机制作用下农村和农业资源向城市和非农产业逆向流动;以工哺农背景下的包容性增长体制使工农业部门资源配置和流动趋向协调。     

Migration and the reconfiguration of Malaysia

This article examines the social impact of the 1997 financial crisis in South Korea. Although the crisis was short-lived, it has created major ripples all across the country, profoundly affecting the Koreans' lifestyle and family life as well as their values and worldview. In spite of the magnitude of the financial crisis and its social impact, scant scholarly attention has been paid to the issue, although the causes and economic impact of the crisis have been amply discussed. In view of this, the article examines major social changes brought upon by the financial crisis. The article probes, for example, how employment patterns have been deeply affected, whereby a majority of workers are now irregular workers or are underemployed. The article also demonstrates how the people's perception of work has changed and how the income gap between the rich and the poor has widened. Also discussed are, among others, the continuing discrimination against women in the workplace, rising divorce rate, increase in immigration and value conflicts over the relevance of Confucianism in contemporary Korea. In addition, the article examines the agency of the Korean people in reacting to or coping with the changing circumstances.     

填海造地的物权分析

由于我国填海造地制度特别是相关权利制度的缺失,我国填海造地出现了诸多问题,需要溯本清源.在明确填海造地的权利基础、填海造地的类型与性质、填海造地涉及的主要物权权利的基础上,对各种权利之间的转换与承接以及权利转换与承接中的利益分配做出合理的制度安排.     

政治权力对社会财富分配的影响

政治权力是政治权力主体为了实现和维护自身的利益而拥有的对政治权力客体的制约能力。政府作为最重要的权力主体,其政治权力在分配社会资源和调节、监督社会财富公平分配中具有巨大的功能作用,而政治权力也是制约社会财富公平分配的重要因素。     

重大公共危机情境下治理效能：注意力分配转移的关键作用

地方干部是理解我国行政系统运转的基础,他们的行为深受行政系统注意力分配的影响。疫情早期受到系统性风险冲击,行政系统功能不彰,可从三个层面理解：面临制度间隙与危机情景,地方干部热衷承担过程性责任,规避结果性责任;传统激励机制惯性牵扯了突变情境新激励机制的效果;行政系统“死机”与疫情信息“黑洞”并存。面临这些挑战,最高决策层通过权力权威、激励与资源配置三种制度化方式引导干部群体注意力分配,有效推动行政系统由“多任务”转变为“危机处理”。结果显示,我国迅速取得疫情防控和复工复产双推进,彰显了“中国制度”的优势。