"我靠虚像生活"--媒介环境的影像阐释

大众传媒越来越深度地参与社会生活,我们对客观现实的认识也越来越依赖大众传媒,现实环境逐渐演变为媒介环境。媒介环境呈现出鲜明的影像特征,“我靠虚像生活”已经成为一种生存状态。运用昆德拉的“意象形态”、柏拉图的“洞穴理论”、李普曼的“拟态环境”、藤竹晓的“拟态环境的环境化”、鲍德里亚的“仿真、超真实、内爆”等理论,可以对此进行不同角度的阐述。公众把媒介环境的影像当成客观环境的真实来把握,就会落入“托马斯公理”所预言的圈套之中,可能使错误理解成为现实。     

论“附保护第三人作用的契约”

自德国产生“附保护第三人作用的契约”以来,其在德国的判例与学说中不断发展、繁荣。我国现也有不少学者在对其加以研究。其中最困难之处在于如何解释“附保护第三人作用的契约”与“债权相对性”之矛盾。笔者从契约效力根源的角度提出“系统契约论”,解释了“附保护第三人作用的契约”之理论根基,认为我国应引进此制度,并将其继续应用到“附保护第三人作用的契约”的构成要件、法律效果、与侵权法之边界等问题,也附带地以“系统契约论”解释了契约法上之其他问题。     

哈贝马斯的"公共领域"理论与传媒

哈贝马斯是当代罕有的百科全书式的大思想家。他在 4 0年前出版的《公共领域的结构转型》一书提出了传媒在他所谓的公共领域中的中心地位的著名观点。尽管他的传媒理论同他的其他理论一样被认为具有乌托邦色彩 ,但其给予传媒学术界和业界的思考是多维而深层次的 ,对于在现实情境下建构中国的公共领域和发挥传媒的社会公器功能具有学术和实践意义     

To Give or Not to Give: Modeling Individuals' Contribution Decisions

Employing data from a recent national survey on campaign finance, we examine the contribution behavior of individual citizens in the 2000 election. By disaggregating types of contributions, our model enables us to observe potential heterogeneity in the determinants of giving money to parties and candidates. We find that for both types of contributions, the effects of informational resources and solicitation on the decision to contribute outweigh those of financial resources. In addition, we propose both a theoretical and an empirical distinction between the selection effects of solicitation and the stimulus effects of solicitation. By distinguishing between these dual dimensions of solicitation, our analysis provides new insight into the causal linkages between income, solicitation, and contributions. We find that while solicitation increases the likelihood of contributing through selective targeting or rational prospecting, it also does so through a stimulus mechanism.     

Intersectoral differences in public affairs: the duty of public reporting in public administration

Public reporting is a requirement for public affairs practitioners in public administration because of the democratic context in which government operates. By reporting to the public‐at‐large on agency activities, government agencies contributed to an informed citizenry, the essential foundation of a democracy. For public affairs in business administration and non‐profit administration, public reporting is desirable rather than mandatory. Public reporting was traditionally accomplished indirectly, through news media coverage of government. However, recent research suggests a diminution of interest by the media in fulfilling its role as an instrument of democracy. This means that the public reporting obligation of public affairs professionals in public administration needs to shift to direct reporting, through such products as annual reports, newsletters, TV programmes, Internet websites etc. Copyright © 2002 Henry Stewart Publications.     

法轮功问题的传播学思考

从传播学的角度看,李洪志及其法轮功邪教组织散布的歪理邪说,是传播效果“魔弹论”的沉渣泛起,是魔弹现象在现代的“回光返照”。文章揭露了法轮功蒙蔽、欺骗群众的主要伎俩狂热鼓吹“教主崇拜”,大力推行“造神”运动,制造崇拜、迷信的舆论环境;编造一套与众不同的理论和话语体系,异化人们的思维模式和认知结构;给法轮功修炼者套上精神枷锁,实行精神控制和思想禁锢;编造蛊惑人心的歪理邪说,利用各种信息传播方式和渠道,不断扩大影响;利用修炼者的部分心理需要,乘虚而入,蛊惑人心。     

Facebook: An Emerging Arena for Politics of Self-Determination in northern Cyprus?

ABSTRACT

The present article aims to expand scholarship on the political role of social media by focusing on the case of Facebook and the self-determination claims of Turkish Cypriots vis-à-vis Turkey. Drawing upon a virtual ethnography of relevant Facebook sites and groups, this article scrutinises whether social media offer an innovative public platform for the politics of self-determination or on-line claims are in reality formed and negotiated in the same manner as the offline ones. The article concludes that Turkish Cypriots’ Facebook activism may very well be for strengthening their community, shielding their distinct characteristics from mainland Turkey and raising their self-esteem, rather than indicating demands for complete autonomy in the traditional political sense of the word and/or statehood.     

News media reporting on civil litigation and its influence on civil justice decision making

The news media have the potential to act as a powerful influence on the civil litigation system, influencing decision making in particular cases and on the system more generally as media reports influence the decision making of various participants in the system. This paper reviews the research that has examined the relationship between news media reporting and civil litigation and proposes a framework that integrates this work and provides guidance for future research efforts. Specifically, we discuss the nature of media reporting on civil litigation, perceptions of the civil litigation system held by the public and legal actors, and the potential influence of news reporting about civil litigation on the decision making of jurors, judges, civil litigants, and policymakers. Overall, the research suggests that news reporting of civil litigation presents a systematically distorted picture of civil litigation and that this reporting can influence perceptions and outcomes of civil litigation in various ways. However, there are many gaps in the existing research that need to be filled. The proposed organizational scheme helps to identify ways that future research can provide links between the findings of existing research and to identify ways in which this research can be extended to new areas.