How HIV-Positive Aboriginal Women (PAW) Talk About Their Mothering Experiences With Child and Family Services in Ontario

Aboriginal families are disproportionately involved with Children's Aid Societies (or CAS), which is of concern given the history of colonization, assimilation, and child welfare policies that fail to recognize Indigenous practices within Canada. There is no historical data regarding HIV-positive Aboriginal women's (PAW) experiences and interactions with the child welfare system, despite a high degree of HIV-related stigma and discrimination by CAS staff coupled with lack of HIV knowledge and sensitivity to provide culturally appropriate care to PAW and their children. This article is relevant to local and international child welfare practices, and specifically to CAS agencies across Ontario.     

Ambient temperature storage of tissue samples (bovine) in readily available media during mass fatality incidents

The possibility of using readily available media such as salt and alcohol to preserve tissue samples in non-tropical climates has been previously reported. This present study is a proof of concept trial to investigate the efficacy of salt, alcohol and FTA card for the preservation of soft tissue samples in a tropical hot and humid environment. Using bovine flesh as proxy, salt and commercial liquors such as whiskey and vodka were found to be effective in preserving the tissue samples at ambient temperatures over a 3 month period.     

《民法典》背景下环境保护禁止令的法教义学展开——基于人格权禁令制度的考察

《最高人民法院关于生态环境侵权案件适用禁止令保全措施的若干规定》对于建立健全环境保护禁止令制度具有重要意义。不过,以旨在确保本案诉讼的行为保全制度为基础的环境保护禁止令,并不能完全实现及时制止生态环境损害的目标。《民法典》第997条规定的人格权禁令兼具实体基础与程序规则的功能,具有独立性。基于环境权益具有一定的人格权属性,人格权禁令可适用于制止正在实施或即将实施的生态环境损害行为。人格权禁令制度为基础的环境保护禁止令,其保护范围宜限于物质性环境人格权,适用标准需引入环境保护法禁止性规范;在程序构建方面,有必要区分环境私益保护的一般禁令程序与环境公益保护的紧急禁令程序,同时设置裁执一体化的快速实施程序。     

对我国行政行为反向保全制度的几点思考

公权力与私权利的冲突始终是公法的主题之一 ,在强大的行政权力面前 ,如何在保持行政行为公定力和执行力的情况下 ,尽可能地维护行政相对人的利益 ,引入行政行为反向保全制度则具有重要的现实意义。文章在此借鉴国内外民事行为保全制度的成功经验 ,以司法权为中介 ,试图建构我国的行政行为反向保全制度。     

论我国民事诉讼行为保全制度的建构

我国现行的民事诉讼法规定了财产保全制度 ,由于该制度的适用对象仅仅限于财产 ,而不适用于行为 ,这一立法上的漏洞 ,导致实践中存在大量无法利用该制度对当事人进行救济的情形。文章借鉴我国台湾地区和国外民事诉讼保全制度 ,将我国目前实施的可以以行为做为保全对象的“海事强制令”和“诉前临时禁令”,进一步扩大到一般民事诉讼领域 ,将行为纳入保全的范围 ,进而建构我国民事诉讼行为保全制度 ,形成以财产保全和行为保全并重的二元体系结构     

我国刑诉法应增设证据保全制度

在刑事诉讼中,被追诉方申请证据保全与申请取证存在本质差异。增设刑事证据保全制度可以制衡追诉方取证过程中的随意性,避免证明犯罪嫌疑人、被告人无罪和罪轻的关键证据在以后难以取得,又能使无罪的被追诉者尽快摆脱涉讼之苦。同时,增设刑事证据保全制度有助于保持法律体系的完整性和系统性。其他一些国家和地区的立法中规定了刑事证据保全制度。我国刑事诉讼法中应该增设刑事证据保全制度,明确规定决定是否实施证据保全的机关、保全申请权的主体、申请证据保全的条件和方式、证据保全材料的审查及处理、实施证据保全的措施以及申请权的救济。     

Comparing the Life-Cycle Costs of New Construction and Acquisition-Rehab of Affordable Multifamily Rental Housing

The cost of producing multifamily affordable housing may differ based on development type. Past attempts to compare the costs of producing multifamily housing through new construction or acquisition-rehab have been limited by an inability to adjust for variations in unit quality among different projects. The authors overcome this challenge by estimating the costs of developing and maintaining a property over a 50-year life cycle. Applying this approach to a convenience sample of 269 properties, the authors find new construction associated with life-cycle costs that are 25% to 45% higher than those of acquisition-rehab.     

《民法典》背景下环境保护禁止令的法教义学展开——基于人格权禁令制度的考察

《最高人民法院关于生态环境侵权案件适用禁止令保全措施的若干规定》对于建立健全环境保护禁止令制度具有重要意义。不过,以旨在确保本案诉讼的行为保全制度为基础的环境保护禁止令,并不能完全实现及时制止生态环境损害的目标。《民法典》第997条规定的人格权禁令兼具实体基础与程序规则的功能,具有独立性。基于环境权益具有一定的人格权属性,人格权禁令可适用于制止正在实施或即将实施的生态环境损害行为。人格权禁令制度为基础的环境保护禁止令,其保护范围宜限于物质性环境人格权,适用标准需引入环境保护法禁止性规范;在程序构建方面,有必要区分环境私益保护的一般禁令程序与环境公益保护的紧急禁令程序,同时设置裁执一体化的快速实施程序。     

电子证据保全公证若干问题研究

电子证据保全公证属于中国公证机构保全证据公证业务范围,具有启动方式被动、无需提供担保、保全措施中立等特点。该文分析了电子证据保全公证在保全对象、申请审查、保全措施、公证书效力等方面与传统证据保全公证的不同,认为需要通过相关立法对其程序规则加以明确。目前中国公证机构仅对电子数据取得行为进行保全公证,随着电子数据鉴定技术的发展,在证据保全公证中引入电子数据原始性公证已不存在技术障碍,为此,该文提出应从法理、效力等层面对电子数据原始性公证展开研究。     

Evaluation of the Abandoned Shipwreck Act of 1987: Impact and Challenges for Preserving Underwater Cultural Heritage

In the demand of regulatory policy to control salvage of shipwrecks and protect the nation's underwater cultural heritage, the Abandoned Shipwreck Act of 1987 allowed the exception of the admiralty law to give states authority and management of abandoned shipwrecks for the purposes of preservation and recreation. Due to the lack of its regulatory power and vague standards, the Act has been harshly criticized for being ineffectual in resolving conflicts between commercial salvors, and states or protecting illicit salvage. This research will examine the purpose and impact of the policy under the framework of the National Historic Preservation Act, which restrained options in the policymaking. While acknowledging its limitations, this research finds that the Act enabled the inclusion of historic shipwrecks in the nation's preservation system, allowed funding, and promoted its use for public benefits. Studying the Act in the policy context of the U.S. historic preservation can promote the rightful understanding of its policy limitations as well as impact, and support feasible policy improvement.