THE FAMILY LAW EDUCATION REFORM PROJECT FINAL REPORT

The Family Law Education Reform Project (the FLER Project) is co‐sponsored by the Association of Family and Conciliation Courts and the Center for Children, Families and the Law at Hofstra Law School. This Final Report is based on a series of dialogues between family law academics and practitioners from many disciplines, a FLER Project survey, and research conducted by law students at Hofstra University and Northeastern University. 2     

替代性纠纷解决程序之研究

替代性纠纷解决程序(ADR)是目前西方国家热门的民商事争议解决方法,我国当前经济社会的发展也到了全面兴起ADR的时候,从分析国外ADR兴起的背景和已经使用的方式入手,论述了我国发展和完善ADR的必要性和可行性,并从国外的经验出发指出了完善有中国特色的ADR的相关建议。     

论民间法与纠纷解决

一切规范的存在,都是为给纠纷解决预备一套方案,民间法也不例外。文明时代的纠纷解决方式,一般分为三种：一种是司法诉讼方式,其规范运用的特点是以法律为主,以民间法为辅,即使在司法调解中,也保持这一特点。另一种是诉讼替代性纠纷解决方案,如调解、仲裁等,其规范运用的特点是在法律、民间法的选择上,难分彼此,说不上谁主谁辅,在这种纠纷处理中,当事人本身具有规范适用的选择权和权利处分的选择权,这就使规范的运用要灵活得多,更多时当事人之间还通过主持人自己协商处理规范——制定纠纷解决协议。第三种是私力救济,它可以分为启动形式合法的私力救济和启动形式非法的私力救济。在私力救济中,其规范运用反倒是以民间法为主,国家法最多只为辅助。如上情形的出现,乃是因为司法的目的是为了判断是非,而诉讼替代性纠纷解决方案以及私力救济解决纠纷的目的,主要是为了平息矛盾。     

Alternative dispute resolution and mediation of complaints against police in Australia and New Zealand

ABSTRACT

This study assessed the role of alternative dispute resolution options in the complaints management systems of the eight policing jurisdictions in Australia and the single jurisdiction of New Zealand. The available literature shows that a large proportion of complainants would like to participate in mediation, and that both complainants and police who experience mediation report much higher rates of satisfaction than those experiencing traditional adversarial investigative and adjudicative processes. Experiences with informal dispute resolution or ‘conciliation’ options are more mixed, and they are susceptible to tokenism and misuse as a convenient administrative means of disposing of complaints. Despite this situation, the data obtained from police and oversight agency sources in this study showed that options were limited to informal resolution conducted by senior officers, with an ostensible focus on behavioral improvement but with no meaningful publicly available data on outcomes. The paper concludes by advocating for a best practice complaints management system that includes mediation within a consultative framework focused on behavioral improvement.     

Equality,fairness, and social conflict

There are three generic problems that arise in the use of the concept of equality as a principle of fairness. These problems concern (i) determining when equality is appropriate as opposed to some other principle, (ii) deciding how equality is to be operationalized, and (iii) determining how to implement equality. The proposal is made that these intrapersonal decision conflicts are mirrored by social conflicts when multiple interests are involved. This way of looking at social conflicts also suggests some novel ways to approach conflict resolution.     

Mediation Ethics: A Grounded Approach

Using insights drawn from mediation practice, social justice scholarship, and debates on ethical thinking in other professional fields, the authors argue that prevailing ethical codes for mediators in the United States stunt the development of ethical thinking in the field. Current codes and even their critiques take a "top-down" approach that proceeds from the perspective of the mediator and gives primacy to abstract principles rather than to the particulars and contexts of disputes. This approach ignores a much richer practice on the ground, depends on an artificial division of procedural and substantive justice, and constricts the scope of ethical questions raised, inhibiting effective systemic solutions. The authors argue for ethics grounded in the context of particular substantive areas, which do not focus on the mediator alone and which remain open to a wider set of social justice considerations.     

1946年的政协宪政方案失败原因探析

1946年,参与政协会议的各方,包括国民党、共产党、民主同盟等,设计了一套旨在建立两院国会制、责任内阁制和地方自治制的宪政方案。方案得到了各方的认同,但最后却失败了。各方对于政协决议一些具体问题的争执以及对于这些争执的误读,在实施政协决议时的次序错误,当国共双方出现重大分歧时中间性力量的分裂等因素综合起来导致了宪政方案的失败。国共在东北问题上的分歧与战争也是重要原因,但不在本文的分析之列。     

股东大会决议瑕疵的救济

股东大会决议瑕疵存在于程序和内容两个方面,瑕疵股东大会决议的效力分为决议不存在、决议可撤销和决议无效三种情形。瑕疵决议可以寻求全体股东的一致同意、决议的撤回和追认等多种方式得到补救。但对瑕疵决议的效力,只能以诉的方式主张;对瑕疵决议的裁判方式和效力有特殊性,应防止撤销之诉的滥用。我国《公司法》第111条缺失瑕疵股东大会决议的效力评价体系,应予改革和完善。     

FAMILY/CHILD JUDICIAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION (JDR)

This article outlines the Pilot Project in Pre-trial Judicial Settlement Conferencing in Family and Child Welfare/Protection Matters, which was designed and implemented by the authors, The Honourable Judge Nancy A. Flatters of the Provincial Court of Alberta, Family and Youth Court, at Calgary. The article also outlines the basis, rationale, and development underlying this emerging nontraditional judicial approach to the resolution of these disputes and the resulting settlement outcomes.     

评2005年《公司法》对股东直接诉讼制度的完善

股东直接诉讼是股东因自身权益遭受公司、董事及控制股东不法行为的侵害,为了维护自身利益,基于其公司出资人的身份而提起的诉讼.相对于派生诉讼而言,股东直接诉讼提起权对于股东而言具有更为重要的意义.只有赋予股东诉权才能使股东权益切实得到保护,只有赋予股东诉权才能建立起有效的公司治理结构.新<公司法>修正案,进一步明确了股东直接诉讼制度.通过增强股东权利和设定救济途径,保障投资安全,以达到维护股东合法权益的目的.