Who Deserves Help? Students' Opinions About the Deservingness of Different Groups Living in Germany to Receive Aid

A study was conducted examining German students' attitudes toward different groups of people living in Germany and the influence of those attitudes on the willingness to distribute aid to groups in need. A survey was distributed to over 2000 students at universities across Germany. It was predicted that groups judged more responsible for their need of aid and less likable would be considered less deserving of receiving aid than groups judged less responsible for their need of aid and more likable. An effect of the Belief in a Just World was also expected such that, students with a weak Belief in a Just World would judge targets as more deserving of aid than students with a strong Belief in a Just World. Results indicate effects of likability, responsibility for neediness, and the Belief in a Just World on ratings of deservingness.     

Symposium: Part I: Public Intellectuals Then and Now

The French political thinker Raymond Aron (1905–1983) provides the imitable model of the political philosopher as civic educator. Writing in an age of extreme ideological polarization, he aimed at a truly balanced approach to historical and political understanding. In a series of writings from the late 1930’s onward, Aron defended a principled middle way between Machiavellian cynicism and the “abstract moralism” so evident in the public engagement of modern intellectuals. Aron argued for the renewal of liberalism on the foundation of a broad-based “democratic conservatism” and displayed remarkable lucidity regarding the totalitarian temptation. This paper explores this distinctive notion of “democratic conservatism”—equally distant from revolutionary romanticism and reactionary nostalgia—that guided Aron’s public engagement over a fifty-year period and that was central to his idea of the political responsibility of intellectuals.

论海洋环境保护——“对一切义务”的视角

对一切义务是指对整个国际社会的义务。对海洋环境的保护符合人类基本道德价值和国际社会共同利益,是一项对一切义务。各国应加强合作,履行海洋环境保护这一对一切义务,实现海洋环境的可持续发展。不履行这一对一切义务,应承担国家责任。     

国际贸易合同主体欺诈及其对策

随着我国加入WTO,国际贸易在我国呈现出前所未有的迅猛发展势头。在诸多的国际贸易欺诈形式中,具有欺诈性质的合同是尤其应当系统研究并严加防范的。国际贸易合同主体欺诈形式主要有虚构合同主体欺诈形式、变更合同主体欺诈形式、有限责任欺诈形式。国际贸易合同主体欺诈的对策主要有资信调查和主体法律性质的审查。     

国家责任与人权保障的契合——行政补偿制度逻辑视角的转换

财产权是公民的基本权利,要保障公民真正的自由和尊严,国家必须对公民的财产权予以最大限度的维护与尊重.同时,公民的个人财产权具有促进公共利益实现的义务,私有财产权又必然受到各种限制.协调财产的不可侵犯性与社会公共福利目标的实现之间的着眼点就落在了行政补偿制度上.行政补偿制度应当界定为一种国家责任,从而最大限度地保障公民的财产权,使国家公共权力与公民权利关系保持合理合法的状态.     

不正当竞争行为及其法律责任

文章对不正当竞争行为产生的原因进行了分析，并从理论角度阐述了如何对不正当竞争行为作出法律界定，进而对其法律责任的认定作了探讨。     

工会法法律责任的确立与完善

本文着重分析工会法法律责任的特点、内容 ,违反《工会法》的行为以及追究法律责任的主体、方式和程序等 ,并对工会法法律责任存在的若干问题予以分析 ,并提出完善中国工会法法律责任的若干建议。     

进一步完善我国产品责任法的思考

本文在研究国外产品责任立法经验及演进趋势的基础上 ,就进一步完善我国产品责任法提出了几点建议。     

指挥官刑事责任基本理论

指挥官刑事责任是指挥官因为其下级实施了犯罪而应当承担的一种共犯责任。该理论在20世纪随着一系列重要的国际刑事司法实践而逐渐形成,并在当前主要的国际刑事法律中得到了体现。要追究指挥官的刑事责任,必须证明三点:具有上下级关系;上级知道或者应当知道下级的罪行;上级指挥官未能采取合理、必要的措施阻止犯罪或者惩罚罪犯。但是,无论是在司法实践中,还是在理论研究上,人们对这个原则还有不同的认识与做法,一个科学、合理的指挥官刑事责任理论体系还有待建立。     

国家保护责任三题

国家保护责任理论认为国家与国际社会有向处在危险中的人民提供生命支持保护及援助的预防责任、做出反应责任以及重建责任.国家保护责任理论是对传统的主权、安全观的重新阐释.国家保护责任理论通过对安理会作用的扩张解释,赋予了国际社会解决人道主义危机的责任.国家保护责任理论在某种程度上可以应付日益复杂的国际危机,但是我们必须关注其所带来的消极影响.