胶带粘面手印荧光显现剂的研发与应用

目的根据胶带粘面上潜在手印的特点,利用染料和潜手印的理化性质,研究开发胶带粘面手印荧光显现剂。方法在各种胶带粘面上显现潜在手印,并与常规的碳素墨水染色法进行比较。结果在长波紫外线照射下手印呈黄色明亮荧光,手印纹线清晰、连贯,基本不受手印遗留时间、客体表面颜色和性质的影响。结论胶带粘面上的汗潜手印和血潜手印用荧光显现剂显现效果优于碳素墨水染色法,在实际案件的侦破中有较好的应用前景。     

正交法优化分析蓝色圆珠笔油墨的缓冲体系

用正交设计法对硼砂、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和乙腈组成的缓冲体系及其酸度进行了优化.实验结果表明,该体系作为毛细管电泳分析蓝色圆珠笔油墨缓冲运行液的最佳配比为55mmol/L硼砂～40mmol/LSDS溶液和40%(V/V)的乙腈,溶液为pH9.3.     

几种朱墨交叉时序的检验方法及其比较分析

文件朱墨交叉时序的确定一直是困扰文检界的难题之一.本文简要介绍了目前常用的六种检验方法,并结合五个典型案例对各种检验方法进行比较分析,以探讨针对不同形成条件的文件物证进行检验时采用哪些检验方法更为有效的解决问题.希望能够在同类问题的研究上达到抛砖引玉的效果.     

Prepared Disappearing Ink and Deciphering of Documents

Disappearing inks can be used for forgeries in many fields. In this study, thymolphthalein indicator solution was prepared as a disappearing ink. A total of 54 different solutions containing thymolphthalein were prepared at six different concentrations and nine different pH values. Among the prepared solutions, 0.16 g/50 mL and 0.32 g/65 mL thymolphthalein at pH 14 were the optimum solutions that were not distinguishable from regular ink when applied to promissory note. Fountain pens were filled with the abovementioned ink solutions and applied to promissory notes for experimental purposes. After 40 h, ink residues were not visible on promissory notes written with the ink with the optimum pH (pH = 14) value. To decipher the entries that disappeared, an instrumental method (Video Spectral Comparator‐8000) and a chemical method (using NH₃ vapor) were used, succeeded at 0.32 g/65 mL, but failed at 0.16 g/50 mL thymolphthalein. Therefore, NH₃ had to be sprayed for 0.16 g/50 mL with negligible harm.     

司法实践中伪造、变造国家机关公文、证件、印章罪若干问题研究

我国《刑法》伪造、变造、买卖国家机关公文、证件、印章罪的描述是简单罪状,并没有就该罪的法定构成要件进行具体规定。另外,因为证件、印章与公众的社会生活息息相关,求学、入职、考试等皆有广泛的需求市场,这必然导致该罪的危害行为和表现方式多种多样,日趋复杂化,也增强了司法实践中认定的难度。我们应在充分分析本罪构成要件的理论基础上,进一步从定性和定量角度界定本罪的罪与非罪,并且结合司法实务,探讨本罪在司法实践中的难题。     

印文墨迹分布特征及材料特性在盖印时间鉴定中的应用

通常情况下一份完整的文件有抬头、内容、落款签名或印文、落款时间等多个要素组成,文件是否真实有效,取决于与该文件有关的诸多要素。在许多案件的审理过程中,文件形成的确切时间往往是当事各方主要争议的焦点,特别是文件上印章印文的盖印时间更是最为常见的提请鉴定的问题。根据鉴定实践和实验研究,对印文墨迹分布特征及材料特性在印章印文盖印时间鉴定中的应用,及在鉴定过程中应当引起注意的相关事项进行探讨,并通过实际案例予以说明。     

Differentiation of coloured inks of inkjet printer cartridges by thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography

Document examiners are frequently asked to determine whether or not a colour printout has originated from a particular inkjet printer. The printer can rarely be identified unless some unique defects or irregularities of the printer are present on the printout. However, it is possible to decipher the make and/or model of the printer by comparing the ink-profile of the questioned printout with that of a seized inkjet printer cartridge or from one in a database. This paper presents an overview of a systematic approach to characterising and discriminating the inks of different inkjet printer cartridges using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with multi-wavelength ultra-violet/visible (UV/Vis) detection. Ink samples from 23 different inkjet printer cartridges (including originals and substitutes) of different brands and colour printouts, printed by known printers were examined with newly developed chromatographic methods. Subsequently, a database of the ink-profiles was generated. The methods provide a useful tool for discriminating coloured inks in inkjet printer cartridges of different brands.     

运用高倍显微镜判断朱墨时序的方法

作者通过对手写文字与印章印文的朱墨时序的大量实验研究，并结合司法鉴定实践，总结了一套行之有效的运用高倍显微镜判断朱墨时序的检验方法，具有较大的应用价值。     

应用HPLC研究蓝色签字笔迹字迹色痕光老化规律

目的对蓝色签字笔所形成的字迹色痕光老化规律进行研究。方法比对14种蓝色签字笔样品在暗处保存条件下、自然光照射及强灯光照射等老化条件下物理特征变化情况;使用高效液相色谱法,监测蓝色签字笔墨水中色料成分的变化情况,并寻找蓝色签字笔墨水字迹自然光老化规律。结果强灯光照射后出现外观明显的老化现象,暗处存放的样本存在较长的老化时限。在自然光照射下30天内,样品色料成分的相对含量均随时间发生两个阶段的变化。结论样本字迹的外观为鉴定蓝色签字笔墨水字迹的形成时间提供了重要的信息。结合HPLC分析结果,可以确认字迹是否经过光照人工老化,为字迹形成时间鉴定的重要参考依据。     

傅立叶显微红外化学成像在朱墨时序鉴定中的应用研究

目的建立朱墨时序的傅里叶显微红外成像检验方法。方法根据印文及油墨的红外光谱特征峰,使用傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）成像系统直接对纸张上印文及文字油墨进行化学成像,根据成像特征从而判断朱墨时序。结果先打印后盖章的红外成像中油墨字迹的红外成像不完整,有被印章所覆盖的痕迹,而印章的红外成像完整,在字迹中可见印章成像斑点。先盖章后打印的红外成像中油墨字迹的红外成像完整,没有被印章所覆盖,而印章的红外成像不完整,被字迹的油墨所覆盖。结论该方法较传统的鉴定方法更加快速、简单,可以更加直观的反映行文顺序,并且具有不破坏检验样本的特点。