Predicting Initiator and Near Repeat Events in Spatiotemporal Crime Patterns: An Analysis of Residential Burglary and Motor Vehicle Theft

Near repeat analysis has been increasingly used to measure the spatiotemporal clustering of crime in contemporary criminology. Despite its predictive capacity, the typically short time frame of near repeat crime patterns can negatively affect the crime prevention utility of near repeat analysis. Thus, recent research has argued for a greater understanding of the types of places that are most likely to generate near repeat crime patterns. The current study contributes to the literature through a spatiotemporal analysis of residential burglary and motor vehicle theft in Indianapolis, IN. Near Repeat analyses were followed by multinomial logistic regression models to identify covariates related to the occurrence of initiator (the first event in a near repeat chain) and near repeat (the subsequent event in a near repeat chain) events. The overall findings provide additional support for the argument that neighborhood context can influence the formation and context of spatiotemporal crime patterns.     

汽车行驶纵向安全距离具体数值的研究

根据汽车制动理论和有关文献资料进行分析、推导和研究,确定出同车道行驶的汽车在各种不同车速、不同路面和不同天气情况下应保持的安全距离,为预防和减少因纵向安全距离过小导致追尾撞车而发生的重特大道路交通事故提供科学依据。     

Preparation of a low-cost fingerprint powder that harnesses white light to emit long-lived phosphorescence

An inexpensive, commercially available doped strontium aluminate phosphor with long-lived afterglow has been prepared and assessed in the role of a luminescent fingerprint dusting powder. Blue, green, and aqua phosphorescence persisting for ca. 30 s was obtainable from treated fingermarks after charging the powders with the white light (400–700 nm) setting of a forensic light source. Imaging the phosphorescent afterglow enabled the elimination of background emissions encountered during latent fingermark examination. This was demonstrated by visualising fingermarks on substrates that possess inbuilt fluorescent security features and highly patterned substrate backgrounds, without any need for bespoke scientific equipment.