产品缺陷及认定标准比较研究

产品缺陷是产品责任构成不可或缺的要件,我国对产品缺陷的定义及其认定标准界定的不够科学,对此,应借鉴国外经验.是否存在不合理的危险应是产品缺陷定义的关键因素.产品缺陷的认定标准,应确立"两分法"标准,即根据情况,选择适用消费者期待标准,或者风险-效用平衡标准.     

后现代思潮与叙事心理学

后现代思潮对科学主义在社会科学研究中霸主地位的否定,引起了包括心理学、人类学等有关学科在内的“叙事革命”。作为心理学领域内革命成果的叙事心理学,实质上体现了一种新的研究范式。它比起传统的心理学研究范式自有深刻之处。叙事以其建构意义、追寻价值、创造生活的独特性,将使心理学在为解决人的现实心理问题、提高人的生活质量服务的追求中发挥重要作用。     

选举争讼制度比较研究

从国外选举争讼的性质、争讼范围及解决选举争讼的基本模式看,我国选举争讼制度存在争讼范围过于狭小、诉讼程序简单等问题     

Juvenile Delinquency in Central European Cities: A Comparison of Registration and Processing Structures in the 1990s

The authors trace and compare the developments in recorded juvenile delinquency in Hamburg, Prague, Cracow and Budapest from 1991-1997 and then analyse the processing and selection procedures of the various justice systems. They devote special attention to ethnic minorities within this filtering process. The most salient feature is that the crime rates and processing structures in the former socialist countries display considerable similarities. It would almost be possible to speak of a specific type of criminal justice system with a typical form of reaction. While in the West, the large number of suspects is considerably reduced during later stages of selection to a much smaller number (those actually sentenced and/or imprisoned), what the authors call a funnel model, in the East a smaller number of suspected offenders enters this selection process, but tends to remain within it and be sentenced - the cylinder model. These procedural structures have changed little in the 1990s, and there has certainly not been any increasing alignment of the Eastern systems with the Western one. Indeed, the difference has, if anything, become greater. These lower crime statistics as compared with the West - represented here by Hamburg - are, however, not only the result of equally large discrepancies between the real crime rates, but in this regard the pro-active crime prevention measures of the police, which in Hamburg have caused the inclusion of an increased number of juveniles and foreigners in the crime statistics since 1995, have also had a great effect. The research project thus clearly demonstrates the importance of interpreting crime statistics neither as a true representation nor as a distorted reflection of the activities of a criminal justice system. Instead, these statistics should be seen as reflecting specific processing procedures and methods of crime control.     

中法犯罪侦查制度比较研究

中法两国的犯罪侦查制度各有特点。中国侦查机关的单一系统有利于侦查部门的协作配合,侦查效率高;法国侦查机关的两个系统侦查权限不明,侦查效率低。中国实行专门化侦查与一般化侦查相结合的侦查模式可以节省警力;法国实行的专门化侦查模式有利于提高破案率。中国实行的一步式侦查有利于增强侦查人员的责任心;法国实行的二步式侦查有利于在人员的使用上扬长避短。对于侦查人员的讯问,在中国,犯罪嫌疑人必须如实回答;在法国,犯罪嫌疑人享有不供述的权利。对于拒绝作证的人,中国不采取强制措施、实施处罚;法国可以采取强制措施、实施处罚。比较两国犯罪侦查制度的异同,评价两者的优点、缺点,吸收、借鉴对方的有益经验,有利于完善我国的犯罪侦查制度。     

Regulation in Comparative Perspective

Structural changes in the world economy pose challenging new problems for comparative policy analysis. One such problem is the harmonization of domestic policies and institutions, which the Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations has identified as a key principle of international economic relations. Harmonization may mean the creation of a single policy space out of a number of distinct jurisdictions. It can also mean the adoption of common policy goals or general principles that national governments can pursue by different strategies. Comparative analysis can help in choosing the type of harmonization most appropriate in a given context. This article analyzes the development of harmonization strategies in the European Community/European Union. The European experience shows that far-reaching economic integration can be achieved without suppressing cultural diversity and legitimate differences in national preferences.     

Fiscal Policy Learning from Crisis: Comparative Analysis of the Baltic Countries

The experience of a major crisis is often expected to lead to policy learning but the empirical evidence about this is limited. The goal of the paper is to explore comparatively whether the crisis of 2008–2010 has led to fiscal policy learning by civil servants in the three Baltic countries. Despite some differences in the crisis experience, the finance ministry officials in all three countries have identified the same lesson from the crisis: fiscal policy should be counter-cyclical and help to stabilize the economy. The paper also discusses how various factors have influenced policy learning, including the acknowledgment of failure, blame shifting, and analytical tractability.     

On the Meta Rule of Energy Law: Contextual Reality Centered by Energy Transformation

The lack of the meta rule of energy law is the essential problem for the current conflict of energy law appositions and the valid establishment of theoretical systems. Therefore, it is crucial to set the energy transformation which symbolizes and normalize the energy revolution as the meta rule so that the problem is likely to be solved. The reason that energy transformation can be the meta rule is not only the result of reference of philosophical and law theories, but also the proved truth of the industrial revolution and Shale gas revolution in the U.S. Therefore, in establishing the energy law system in the future, the meta rule status of the energy transformation should be set up at the proper time to promote the normal development of the energy revolution in China.     

殖民主义文本中的印第安再现——对朗费罗《海华沙之歌》的解读

美国19世纪杰出诗人朗费罗以其充满神话传奇色彩的长篇叙事诗《海华沙之歌》，再现了早期印第安人的历史与文化。但是，此部作品在某种程度上以欧洲文明至上的偏见遮蔽了印第安人被殖民的历史原貌，因而成为一种充满了帝国主义话语的殖民主义文本。本文通过对《海华沙之歌》进行文本细读和对朗费罗所处时代的文化背景进行分析，探讨朗费罗对印第安人的再现，并进一步阐述这种再现背后潜在的原因。