老挝全方位外交政策与老中关系

随着冷战的结束、国际及地区形势的变化,老挝逐步摒弃＂一边倒＂的外交观念,于20世纪80年代中期确立了全方位外交方针和政策。经过20多年的实践,老挝全方位对外交往活跃,在深化与传统友好国家关系同时,与世界各国建立了广泛联系,老挝与中国的关系也获得了长足发展和较大突破,并成为老挝发展全方位务实外交关系中的重要关系。     

经济与安全“再平衡”下的美国对华政策调整

2008年金融危机加剧了美国自伊拉克和阿富汗战争以来所面临的内外挑战,重建美国力量和影响成为奥巴马政府的核心任务。为此,奥巴马政府提出进行经济"再平衡"和安全"再平衡"。他们认为,美国过去那种由消费信贷和赤字财政所刺激的繁荣是不可持续的,必须重新平衡储蓄、投资、借贷和出口的关系。在此,扩大对华出口与投资是其中一个重要手段。与此同时,美国一些高层人士认为,过去将反恐作为首要战略目标为中国在亚洲地区的扩张提供了机会。随着恐怖主义威胁的降低,美国必须重返亚洲,确保地区主导权。在中短期内,美国对华地缘政治"再平衡"必然会影响到其对华经济"再平衡"的方向;从长远来看,经济交往的深入发展将进一步缓解两国地缘政治关系的紧张。     

The public health implications of United Kingdom offender healthcare policy: a holistic approach to achieve individual and societal gains

In 2009, two seminal documents were published by the United Kingdom (UK) government concerning healthcare services for offenders. The Bradley review into diversion for people with mental health problems and learning disabilities emphasised a need to improve offender health, not least because of the high economic costs to society as a whole resulting from unresolved mental illness, physical ill-health and substance abuse problems commonly experienced by offenders. The Bradley review made wide-reaching recommendations for change, requiring strong partnership between health and justice agencies at both central government and local levels. A framework for the delivery of Bradley's recommendations has been set out in Improving health, supporting justice, the Department of Health's offender health strategy which sets out the direction of travel for the next 10 years.This paper discusses the reality of working toward improving health services for this marginalised group in the context of the influence of the current straitened financial climate on the allocation of resources to publically funded healthcare in the UK; it examines the historically based, and widely held, belief in the principle of “less eligibility” within our society, whereby there is much public and media resistance to allocating resources to improving care for offenders when other, more “deserving”, groups are perceived to be in continuing need.     

Why community compulsion became the solution - Reforming mental health law in Sweden

The aim of this article is to understand how compulsory community care (CCC) has become a solution in mental health policy in so many different legal and social contexts during the last 20 years. The recent introduction of CCC in Sweden is used as a case in point, which is then contrasted against the processes in Norway, England/Wales and New York State.In Sweden, the issue of CCC was initiated following high-profile acts of violence. Contrary to several other states, there was agreement about the (lack of) evidence about its effectiveness. Rather than focusing on dangerousness, the government proposal about CCC was framed within an ideology of integrating the disabled. The new legislation allowed for a broad range of measures to control patients at the same time as it was presented as a means to protect positive rights for patients. Compared to previous legislation in Sweden, the scope of social control has remained largely the same, although the rationale has changed — from medical treatment via community treatment and rehabilitation, to reducing the risk of violence, and then shifting back to rehabilitation in the community.The Swedish approach to CCC is similar to Norway, while New York and England/Wales have followed different routes. Differences in ideology, social control and rights orientations can be understood with reference to the general welfare and care regimes that characterize the four states.     

Surveillance and identity management: Migrant perspectives on UK Biometric Residence Permits

The identity card for foreign nationals - now known as the Biometric Residence Permit (BRP) - was first introduced in November 2008. Following the May 2010 UK general election, the newly formed Conservative-Liberal Democrat Coalition government announced that the scheme would not be extended to UK citizens. To date, over 300,000 BRPs have been issued to UK foreign nationals - a group of non-EEA migrants that include international students, visiting scholars and entrepreneurs. In this paper, we draw on findings from interviews conducted with policymakers, advocacy groups, Higher Education administrators and foreign nationals - between March and December 2010 - to highlight some policy issues arising from the continued roll-out of the BRPs to this migrant group. We conclude by arguing that, although interviewees raised few objections to the BRPs in principle, cardholders were concerned about being unfairly ‘targeted’ for additional surveillance and remained unclear about the true purpose of the BRP. We identify a number of areas for further policy development.     

地方高校培养卓越法律本科人才探析

"卓越法律人才培养计划"是国家中长期教育发展战略规划的重要内容。地方高校卓越法律人才的培养目标应定位于地方性与实务性,并在此目标定位的基础上培养具有综合法律素养的应用法律人才。地方高校在具体教学改革探索中应注意研究法学人才培养的目标定位、核心课程的教学改革、合作培养人才的机制建设、授课方法改革、多元化实践教学平台建设、导师制建设等方面内容;师资队伍建设是卓越人才培养的重要保障。     

企业技术创新与实施知识产权战略的法律运行机制研究（上）

国家知识产权战略是我国近几年来提出和推动的国家战略实施形式,而技术创新战略要求确立企业为技术创新主体的战略思想。加强企业技术创新能力建设是一个综合性的系统工程,涉及企业外部创新环境、支持条件和内部创新资源和能力的整合,而知识产权战略实施是企业实现技术创新的重要保障。技术创新与实施知识产权战略具有密切的互动关系,技术创新成为知识产权战略的重要目标,而知识产权战略对企业培育自主创新能力具有重要的推进作用。总体上,需要建立企业技术创新与知识产权战略融合的法律运行机制。     

体制创新：加快吉林经济发展方式转变的关键

近年来,吉林省经济增长的速度较快但发展的质量不高,经济发展的内生动力不足。经济发展方式转变滞后是由多方面因素造成的,但最大症结在于体制机制不合理。因此,加快转变经济发展方式是实现吉林省经济社会又好又快发展的必由之路,深化改革是实现经济发展方式转变的强大动力和根本途径。＂十二五＂时期吉林省必须对阻碍加快经济发展方式转变的各种利益关系进行调整,加快体制机制创新的步伐,努力形成有利于经济发展方式转变的制度安排。     

我国城市街道办事处管理体制的改革创新与实践——以广州市荔湾区为视角

城市街道管理体制的改革与实践是城市基层政府治理和社会管理创新的重要举措.面对街道管理法律定位不明确、职能超载、职权有限、自身管理失灵等问题,广州市荔湾区政府以"一队伍三中心"为载体,重建街道办事处管理架构,规范编外人员管理,推进政府购买服务和网格化管理,进一步明确了区、街道、居委会等治理主体的责权,积累了宝贵的经验.但街道办事处在职能转变、改革的法律依据、公共服务供给、管理机制及社区自我治理等方面仍存在着诸多问题,需进一步并加以解决.     

对我国综合行政执法相关问题的思考

社会主义法治理论主要体现为依法治国、执法为民、公平正义、服务大局、党的领导五个方面,其中执法为民是社会主义法治理论体系的核心和精髓.然而.多年来我国的行政执法工作在理论和实践方面存在着概念不清、多头执法、政出多门等诸多问题,给社会和谐与人民生活带来了许多不利影响.本文对行政执法的概念、方式、权限、过程问题进行了分析,厘清了行政执法工作在政策理论和社会实践中的误区,在此基础上对我国在新的历史条件下更好地开展行政执法工作提出相关的建议.