知识产权担保融资的可行性探讨

知识产权是一种新型的可用来融资的有潜力的资产。从理论上分析,知识产权担保具有融资的可行性,实务中也有成功案例,但总体上属于探索实验阶段。尽管我国已有相关的法律、地方法规和政策,但如何使知识产权担保融资成为可行的法律制度仍是亟待解决的问题。     

论最高额抵押制度的完善

最高额抵押权是一种特殊的抵押权,具有积极的价值功能.但最高额抵押亦有其弊端,如设定巨额的最高额抵押,致抵押物价值不能充分发挥;或债权人不与债务人正常交易,使债务人经济活动自由受限,因主合同备案存在瑕疵最高额抵押权实现不了等.完善我国最高额抵押立法应明确规定最高额抵押确定请求权制度、减额请求权制度和消灭请求权制度;以立法形式规定综合授信合同及其他带有约定决算期的框架性合同可以作为最高额抵押合同的主合同进行登记备案.     

正常经营中的购买人制度研究

我国物权法第181条规定了浮动抵押制度,为配合该条规定,第189务第2款规定赋予了购买人时购买物有对抗该物上的浮动抵押权人的权利。可是,仔细研究后便可发现此规定对购买人权科的赋予必是一般性的规定,需要进一步对以下做出具体性规定：一是对于购买人的主观状态即善意、恶意做出具体性规定,二是对“正常经营活动”中的购买人做出明确界定。三是对于先期存在之浮动抵押登记与否要作出区分。     

房屋典当探析

当下经济生活中普遍存在的房屋典当,虽然被《典当管理办法》规定为典当,但其与传统民法中的典当有所差别。同时,房屋典当与用益物权和传统民法中的典权不也相同。从本质属性上看,其应属于担保物权。当前形势下,房屋典当的这一性质应当在司法实务中灵活处理并尽早通过立法予以确定。     

民生保障研究:论适足生活水准权保障与实现

适足生活水准权的实现遵从辅助性原则、国家义务、平等与非歧视原则。食物权、住房权与健康权构成了适足生活水准权最主要的具体权利形态,其实现标准主要有:有效、真实与可接受。适足生活水准权的保障与实现不是孤立的,是与其他人权,如财产权、工作权等,特别是公民权利与政治权利,密切相关。公民权利和政治权利的保障是实现适足生活水准权救济的有效方式。适足生活水准权的实现为呼声日高的民生保障研究提供了新视角。     

Grey Power: Towards a Political Economy of Older Voters in the UK

The impact of age on voting behaviour and political outcomes has become an issue of increasing interest, particularly in the UK. Age divides in voter turnout and political preferences have led to claims that age is the ‘new class’. In this article, we contrast existing ‘cultural backlash’ and political economy explanations of the age divide in politics, and challenge the view that older people are predominantly ‘left behind’, culturally or economically. We show that older people have distinct material interests, related to housing wealth and pensions’ income, that are visible in their political preferences. We argue for the development of a new political economy of age.     

农地抵押风险及预防机制分析——基于“三位一体”综合农协视角

农地流转是三农现代化进程中的重要环节。目前国内农地流传中的抵押现象引人注目,此问题关键在于农地抵押的风险及预防机制。运营体系自成一体的综合农协内在组织能力具有化解农地抵押风险的功能。风险—中介—化解程式表明综合农协主要部门在相关风险对接上能较好进行匹配。本文以三位一体农协为出发点,总结出促进农地抵押实现的以供销社、合作社以及信用社为桥梁的预防机制。     

论船舶抵押权制度的立法完善——以国内法律冲突为视角

由于《物权法》实施所带来的影响,以及《物权法》与《海商法》调整对象的一致性,导致其在船舶物权制度领域存在着些许法律冲突,这些冲突在船舶抵押权领域的表现尤为突出。在相关法律适用中应充分利用现有的国内冲突规则,尤为重要的是在立法领域,应通过修改《海商法》和《船舶登记条例》的有关规定以进一步完善我国现有的船舶抵押权制度。     

Gateway to Opportunity? Disparities in Neighborhood Conditions Among Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Residents

A key goal of housing assistance programs is to help lower income households reach neighborhoods of opportunity. Studies have described the degree to which Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) developments are located in high-opportunity neighborhoods, but our focus is on how neighborhood outcomes vary across different subsets of LIHTC residents. We also examine whether LIHTC households are better able to reach certain types of neighborhood opportunities. Specifically, we use new data on LIHTC tenants in 12 states along with eight measures of neighborhood opportunity. We find that compared with other rental units, LIHTC units are located in neighborhoods with higher poverty rates, weaker labor markets, more polluted environments, and lower performing schools, but better transit access. We also find that compared with other LIHTC tenants, poor and minority tenants live in neighborhoods that are significantly more disadvantaged.     

Points for Place: Can State Governments Shape Siting Patterns of Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Developments?

There is considerable controversy about the allocation of Low-Income Housing Tax Credits (LIHTC). Some charge that credits are disproportionately allocated to developments in poor, minority neighborhoods without additional investments and thereby reinforcing patterns of poverty concentration and racial segregation. We examine whether Qualified Allocation Plans, which outline the selection criteria states use when awarding credits, can serve as an effective tool for directing credits to higher opportunity neighborhoods (or neighborhoods that offer a rich set of resources, such as high-performing schools and access to jobs) for states wishing to do so. To answer this question, we study changes in the location criteria outlined in allocation plans for 20 different states across the country between 2002 and 2010, and observe the degree to which those modifications are associated with changes in the poverty rates and racial composition of the neighborhoods where developments awarded tax credits are located. We find evidence that changes to allocation plans that prioritize higher opportunity neighborhoods are associated with increases in the share of credits allocated to housing units in lower poverty neighborhoods and reductions in the share allocated to those in predominantly minority neighborhoods. This analysis provides the first source of empirical evidence that state allocation plans can shape LIHTC siting patterns.