道路常见警情先期处置技术研究

随着我国经济建设的高速发展,在道路交通安全问题日趋复杂的同时,道路治安问题也日趋严重,处理道路各类警情已成为交警的一项重要任务。本文对道路警情先期处置的准备工作、应遵循的原则和常见警情的先期处置技术进行了研究、探讨,目的是为公安机关道路交通管理部门及其交警提供帮助。     

Hypothetical Questions as Strategic Devices in Negotiation

In this article, we analyze the use of hypothetical questions in integrative negotiation. We argue that hypothetical questions are useful devices for advancing implicit proposals and can also provide strategic argumentative support for the acceptance of a particular solution. To explain why negotiators prefer to use hypothetical questions when putting forward implicit proposals and to demonstrate how these questions fulfill negotiators' argumentative purposes, our study uses the pragma‐dialectical concept of strategic maneuvering and applies it to the analysis of a number of real‐life negotiations. We conclude by demonstrating that hypothetical questions can be effective devices for strategic maneuvering and that negotiators can employ these kinds of questions to resolve some of the rhetorical predicaments imposed by the negotiator's dilemma as well as to gain a competitive edge over their counterparts.     

社会管理创新与谈判式管理探讨

社会矛盾的凸显考验着政府的社会管理创新能力,而谈判式管理是一种由政府提供交流平台,就社会公众关注的利益焦点,通过沟通、协商等手段,经反复调整各自目标,最终达成双赢的管理过程,是社会管理创新的有效方式之一。笔者试图从谈判理念、集体谈判制度、谈判培训等方面探索谈判式管理机制的完善。     

犯罪预备行为概念界定问题新论

目前学界对于犯罪预备行为概念的界定问题关注较少，对犯罪预备行为是否为犯罪行为必经之阶段等疑难问题仍存有分歧。在对犯罪预备行为进行概念界定时应首先明确，其构成要素至少应包括以下五个方面：（1）阶段性；（2）目的性；（3）指向性；（4）本质性；（5）程度性。据此其概念可重新界定为，犯罪预备行为是指为增大特定犯罪实施的可能性，而在实施犯罪之前进行的对完成犯罪具有实质作用的作为或不作为。     

Neutralizing Unethical Negotiating Tactics: An Empirical Investigation of Approach Selection and Effectiveness

Negotiation is integral to business success, and information is the lifeblood of the negotiation process. When invalid information is disseminated via manipulation or deceit, one or more parties can suffer. Nonetheless, many studies have shown that the use of questionable or unethical tactics is commonplace. This article reports on a study of twelve behaviors that can neutralize a counterpart's tendencies to employ questionable or unethical tactics, improving the chances for an integrative (win–win) outcome. The results suggest that while nearly two thirds of participants employed neutralizing behaviors, they used many of these behaviors later in the negotiation process than anticipated and simultaneously alongside questionable or unethical tactics. While we found some evidence that the twelve neutralizing behaviors were viewed differently from questionable or unethical tactics, the expected attenuating effects were not found. The implications of these findings, including opportunities for future research, are discussed.     

Using Blogs as a Teaching Tool in Negotiation

This article reports on the experimental use of blogs as a teaching tool in a course on negotiation and mediation. The blogs were of two kinds: individual "journal" blogs accessible only by the student author and the course instructor, and a class or collective blog, accessible by all members of the course. The use of blogs builds on the familiar use of journals as a tool for reflection and personal review and adopts the technology of online communication with which the student body is increasingly familiar and comfortable. The article reports on the student response to this development and the perceived impact on extended peer-to-peer communication, cooperation, and skills development. This note also briefly places this experiment in the wider context of the widespread use of blogging, online social networking, and — more ambitiously — the promotion of critical and deliberative skills through the use of information communications technology.     

类风湿关节炎中药外敷的疗效观察及护理

目的:观察中药外敷结合常规方法治疗类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)的效果。方法:选择活动性RA患者共70例,随机分为观察组和对照组各35例。两组患者均服用非甾体抗炎药(non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug,NSAID)及原缓解病情的抗风湿药。观察组根据中医辨证选用芙蓉膏或消瘀散外敷局部病变关节,对照组不用任何外用药物。疗程2周,对比观察其效果。结果:2周后,两组患者的晨僵、休息痛、握力、压痛关节数、压痛关节指数、肿胀关节指数及观察组的关节肿胀数与治疗前比较均有改善(考虑与NSAID使用有关);组间比较,除关节肿胀数外,观察组上述各指标改善更加明显(P<0.05,P<0.01)。不良反应轻度,可以耐受。结论:中药局部外敷配合常规方法治疗类风湿关节炎,可显著改善关节局部症状。     

试论行政复议和解程序的优化

随着行政复议法实施条例的颁布实施，行政复议和解程序也相应地开始运行。和解程序渗透了权利本位以及服务与合作等现代行政法价值理念，是效率价值与公平价值最大程度的融合与体现，有助于实现个体自由与公共秩序的有机结合。为使和解程序高效运转，应在厘定其适用范围的基础上，合理设计其适用程序，并明晰其效力。     

对我国加入WTO《政府采购协议》的几点思考

目前国际上许多市场经济国家的政府采购已经由单一的财政支出管理，演变成兼有财政支出管理和国家宏观调控双重功能的重要工具，其是政府介入经济运行的最直接方式之一。我国作为WTO的成员，加入《政府采购协议》、开放政府采购市场只是时间问题，因此，对我国加入《政府采购协议》问题的研究应成为我们当前的主要任务之一。     

危机谈判中的僵局处理策略

在危机谈判中，僵局是谈判人员必须面对的局面，它可能发生在谈判的任何阶段。有效地避免僵局、打破僵局是推进谈判顺利进行的关键。因此，剖析导致谈判僵局的原因，研究避免僵局和打破僵局的方法和策略非常重要。