DOES CRIME JUST MOVE AROUND THE CORNER? A CONTROLLED STUDY OF SPATIAL DISPLACEMENT AND DIFFUSION OF CRIME CONTROL BENEFITS*

Recent studies point to the potential theoretical and practical benefits of focusing police resources on crime hot spots. However, many scholars have noted that such approaches risk displacing crime or disorder to other places where programs are not in place. Although much attention has been paid to the idea of displacement, methodological problems associated with measuring it have often been overlooked. We try to fill these gaps in measurement and understanding of displacement and the related phenomenon of diffusion of crime control benefits. Our main focus is on immediate spatial displacement or diffusion of crime to areas near the targeted sites of an intervention. Do focused crime prevention efforts at places simply result in a movement of offenders to areas nearby targeted sites—“do they simply move crime around the corner”? Or, conversely, will a crime prevention effort focusing on specific places lead to improvement in areas nearby—what has come to be termed a diffusion of crime control benefits? Our data are drawn from a controlled study of displacement and diffusion in Jersey City, New Jersey. Two sites with substantial street‐level crime and disorder were targeted and carefully monitored during an experimental period. Two neighboring areas were selected as “catchment areas” from which to assess immediate spatial displacement or diffusion. Intensive police interventions were applied to each target site but not to the catchment areas. More than 6,000 20‐minute social observations were conducted in the target and catchment areas. They were supplemented by interviews and ethnographic field observations. Our findings indicate that, at least for crime markets involving drugs and prostitution, crime does not simply move around the corner. Indeed, this study supports the position that the most likely outcome of such focused crime prevention efforts is a diffusion of crime control benefits to nearby areas.     

谈公安领导艺术的特征

卓有成效地实施公安领导与管理离不开公安领导艺术,而复杂多样的公安工作性质又决定了公安领导艺术的不同特征.文章重点论述了公安领导者在决策指挥、思想教育、目标管理、实践工作和指导工作等方面的艺术特征.     

论特警心理品质的培养

作战心理训练的基本目的,就是提高特警的心理素质,适应可能面对的各种复杂、危险、疲劳、激烈的执法战斗环境,最大限度地发挥特警的各种执法战斗技能和战术,保持旺盛的战斗力。要注意发现及培养作为一名特警所应具备的心理品质,应从战斗精神、应变能力、安全意识、安全意识等四个方面去提高特警的心理品质。     

对公安执法监督的几点思考

面对入世后的新形势,现有执法监督模式已不适应现实工作,必须进一步完善工作机制,提升各级公安机关和民警的执法水平。     

关于公安院校大学生人文素质培养的思考

社会的发展,决定了公安院校大学生应当是德、智、体、美、劳全面发展的新人。但他们人文素质的缺乏,是不可回避的客观事实,而加强书法艺术教育,正是全面推进素质教育的有效途径,也是提高公安院校大学生人文素质的重要手段。     

谈公安派出所在消防监督检查中存在的问题及对策

公安派出所消防监督检查是我国三级消防管理体制的重要组成部分。文章通过调查和对辽宁省朝阳市1994年~2004年火灾情况的分析,发现公安派出所在消防监督检查工作中存在体制关系不顺等问题,为完善公安派出所消防安全工作,使消防监督三级管理走上法制化的轨道,贯彻落实公安部73号令———《消防监督检查规定》,结合实际提出了将消防监督检查工作落到实处的解决方案。     

当代大学生审美追求存在的问题及其对策浅析

通过调查和分析，当代大学生在审美追求方面存在着一些值得注意和重视的问题，产生这种问题的原因既有社会的影响，又有教育、家庭的影响，还有当代大学生自身因素的影响。因此，我们必须有针对性地采取措施加以解决，努力使大学生建立健康的、正确的审美追求。     

论公安院校学员的思想教育

公安院校是培养人民警察的高等学府,学校的性质决定了其教育的专业性和公安的使命性。在教育过程中,培养学员坚定的政治思想和优良的道德品质尤为重要。文章针对新时期新情况,分析了当前公安院校学员的思想现状及其产生的原因,并就突出问题提出了一些建议和措施。     

论警察在执法过程中的权益保护

在执法过程中经常发生警察权益受侵害的情况,为了维护警察的合法权益,应进一步建立健全法律法规、设立专门的警察权益保障机构。同时,警察执法要配备非杀伤性的控制性警械,要增强自我维权意识。     

试论教务处在高职院校教学质量监控与评价中的主导作用

在高职高专教学监控与评估体系的建立与实施中,教务处承担着建设与实施的任务。从建立体系的基本原则到实施体系的每一个具体内容和步骤,教务处都起着至关重要的作用。