石油企业修旧利废的途径和方法

在修旧利废已成为企业管理的一个盲区，其概念正处于新的历史转型期，需注入新的内涵的情况下，为实现石油企业可持续发展，建设和谐生态家因，必须重新审视修旧利废，重新开启修旧利废的深度价值。一是转变观念，凝聚共识，找准契合点；二是强化源头管理，杜绝重复性浪费；三是健全领导、加强组织、建立激励机制；四是加大再生资源回收利用技术研发力度;五是规范石油企业废旧物资回收处置工作；六是严格监督把关，确保环节受控。     

韩国废物负担金制度的实施效果

为了抑制废物的发生和资源的浪费，韩国政府对生产和进口含有有害物质，难以再利用、有可能导致废物管理问题的厂商，征收处理其废物所需费用。一直以来，由于废物负担金的制度缺陷，它在抑制废物、诱导废物的再利用和确保废物处理的财源等方面没能很好地刺激经济增长，实施效果并不理想。为了弥补这种制度缺陷，韩国政府通过修改《促进资源的节约和再利用的法律》强化了“排放者责任”或“污染者责任”，谋求废物管理政策从政府管制为主转向市场为主，使废物负担金尽可能反映废物收集、处理等直接费用和废物引起的环境费用等间接的社会边际成本。     

城市生活垃圾可转化性特性研究

通过对城市生活垃圾组分变化和各组分理化性质的分析 ,建立了垃圾理化指标的计算方法 ;并经过对长期试验检测所得数据的研究 ,找出了影响垃圾失水率的主要原因和垃圾失水率的变化规律     

典型居住小区垃圾分类成本效益分析及其影响

在论述北京市实施生活垃圾分类总体情况及存在问题的基础上,通过对典型居住小区生活垃圾分类情况及其成本效益分析,得出目前北京市垃圾分类的一些成功经验和做法及其对未来北京市垃圾处理格局所产生的重要影响。     

垃圾卫生填埋与北京市垃圾处理构想

城市用卫生填埋方式处理生活垃圾是适宜的。文章介绍北京市垃圾处理状况 ,分析了目前卫生填埋处理垃圾建设经验及存在的一些问题 ,并提出了在北京建设超大规模垃圾卫生填埋场的构想     

重大环境污染事故罪相关问题探析——兼论不处理垃圾罪的增设

重大环境污染事故罪之危害行为既可以是作为形式又可以是不作为形式,当排污主体不具有排污权或虽具有排污权但没有能力处理废物达到排污标准的情形时,排污这种危害行为是作为的形式,当具有排污权并有能力处理废物达到标准而超标排污时,则危害行为表现为不作为的形式。建议对《刑法》第338条进行增设危险犯、条文表述以及刑罚设置等进行修改,增设第2款,对有放射性废物、含传染病病原体的废物、有毒物质或者其他危险废物之外的废物所造成重大环境污染事故,或者致使公私财产遭受重大损失、人身伤亡的严重后果的行为进行规制,并增设不处理垃圾罪,以加强相关机构和人员的环保责任。     

生活垃圾强制分类是否可行?--基于政策工具视角的案例研究

生活垃圾强制分类已在上海正式实施,但强制分类是否可行以及其可行性受哪些条件的制约等问题还需要进行深入的理论探讨。在政策工具的理论视角下,使用政策网络的研究途径,在借鉴国内外已有学术观点的基础上结合"垃圾分类"这一特定主题可概括出本文的分析框架:强制性工具在垃圾分类中的适用性由地方政府和政策网络两组变量决定,其中前者包括地方政府能力和政策营销两部分,后者则由网络规模、网络的开放度、权力关系、凝聚性和连接性等五个具体变量组成。通过对江西省东阳乡和我国台湾地区台北市两地的垃圾分类案例进行研究可以发现:地方政府能力是"强制"的先决条件;地方政府能力强且政策网络适宜时可适用"强制";地方政府能力强但政策网络不适宜时,通过良好的政策营销可以减少来自政策网络的阻力,进而使"强制分类"可行。除本文探讨的主题外,社会治理与垃圾强制分类、差异化的操作模式以及如何通过政策营销重塑政策网络等问题都值得做更进一步的研究。     

The Impact of Environmental Factors on the Measurement of Managerial Efficiency in the Italian Waste Management Sector: Framework and Empirical Evidence

ABSTRACT

The public and private sectors are different in terms of ownership, funding, and control. The degree of publicness influences the decision-making processes, strategies, and actions, thus severely impacting the performance levels. This study contributes to the existing literature on managerial efficiency environmental factors by proposing a framework and methodology for estimating the influence of the “publicness effect.” A new method is tested, relying on the combined integration of three different data envelopment analysis models in the Italian waste management sector. Results show that the “publicness effect” accounts for 33.87% of managerial efficiency for public companies and 11.6% for mixed ones.     

Policy Change,Policy Feedback,and Interest Mobilization: The Politics of Nuclear Waste Management

Many of the leading theories of the policy process are aimed at providing insights into the factors that make policy change more (or less) likely. In general, policy change is seen as a result of shifting dynamics within policy subsystems. However, building on theories of policy feedback and interest mobilization, this article examines whether policy change, apart from being an effect of subsystem dynamics, can be a cause of shifting dynamics as latent actors are motivated to participate in the subsystem as a result of policy change. Two hypotheses regarding post‐policy change mobilization are developed and tested using data on participation in congressional hearings concerning the management of nuclear waste. The findings suggest that policy change can activate latent policy actors, specifically those actors that view themselves as “losing” as a result of the policy change. These results point to the need for scholars to examine the potential impacts of post‐policy change dynamics on policy development.     

Death by compaction in a robotic dumpster

Robotic waste management automation systems are increasingly utilized around the globe as a user-friendly, ecological and hygienic alternative to waste disposal, simultaneously reducing the volume and frequency of waste collection. The present paper aims to report a case of death by compaction in an automated robotic waste management system and review relevant literature on compactor-related fatalities. The unusual fatal accident involved a 37-year-old male citizen who deliberately entered the robotic dumpster to retrieve his accidentally discarded medication. Upon entering the robotic chamber, the compaction system was automatically activated, although all safety measures were in full operation. This paper highlights the lack of standardized reporting on compactor-related mortality, which however is of importance both in terms of its social impact and public safety. These deaths occur rarely, in scattered areas of the globe, associated with various situations (e.g., occupational fatalities, homeless people, infanticide) and trash compactors of different types, technology, age, maintenance quality, warning signage and safety interlocks. In all previously reported fatalities, the technology involved was considerably older (as in conventional waste containers, garbage compaction trucks, chute-fed compactors in buildings, etc.). The case described in the present report is a rare event in both literature and international news coverage as it encompasses a fully automated technology intended for unsupervised, direct use by the public being located in public spaces where all citizens can interact with it. The aim of this report is to raise awareness and improve knowledge about safety parameters so that similar incidents can be avoided in the future.