Modeling Facts,Culture, and Cognition in the Gun Debate

Can empirical data generate consensus about how to regulate firearms? If so, under what conditions? Previously, we presented evidence that individuals' cultural worldviews explain their positions on gun control more powerfully than any other fact about them, including their race or gender, the type of community or region of the country they live in, and even their political ideology or party affiliation. On this basis, we inferred that culture is prior to facts in the gun debate: empirical data can be expected to persaude individuals to change their view on gun policies only after those individuals come to see those policies as compatible with their core cultural commitments. We now respond to critics. Canvassing the psychological literature, we identify the mechanisms that systematically induce individuals to conform their factual beliefs about guns to their culturally grounded moral evaluations of them. To illustrate the strength and practical implications of these dynamics, we develop a series of computer simulations, which show why public beliefs about the efficacy of gun control can be expected to remain highly polarized even in the face of compelling empirical evidence. Finally, we show that the contribution culture makes to cognition could potentially be harnessed to generate broad, cross-cultural consensus: if gun policies can be framed in terms that are expressively compatible with diverse cultural worldviews, the motivation to resist compelling empirical evidence will dissipate, and individuals of diverse cultural persuasions can be expected rapidly to converge in their beliefs about what policies are best. Constructing a new, expressively pluralistic idiom of gun control should therefore be the first priority of policy-makers and -analysts interested in promoting the adoption of sound gun policies.     

大力发展科普事业提升贵州公民科学素质

文章通过对贵州公民科学素质抽样调查情况的分析,指出贵州科普工作中存在的具体问题及成因,最后就加强贵州科普工作提出了对策建议。     

习仲勋在陕甘边革命根据地时期军事思想的哲学分析

陕甘边革命根据地斗争的最大成功经验就是以马列主义、毛泽东思想为指导,结合陕甘边革命根据地的历史、地理和社会等具体环境,坚持走井冈山道路。习仲勋同志作为陕甘边革命根据地的主要领导人之一,在这段时期的革命斗争中逐步形成了自己独特的军事思想。系统而有层次地对习仲勋在陕甘边革命根据地时期军事思想进行哲学分析,是一项重要的基础性工作,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。     

高职大学生生命价值认知的现状及对策分析

生命是世界存在与发展的基础,是教育的原点,是教育研究之本源所在。该文试图客观地对中国高职院校大学生生命价值认知的现状进行剖析,并由此提出相应的对策与建议。     

新生代农民工对共青团组织的认知状况探讨——基于山西省6座城市的调查

调查表明,从政治态度上看,新生代农民工对团组织的基本认识是令人满意的,但对团组织的认同状况并不乐观。产生这种“认同危机”的基本原因在于利益满足的不充分,其中,“服务”与“需求”的部分错位,不同层级的团组织提供的服务存在较大的同质性,又是导致利益满足不充分的主要原因。因此,在满足主导性需求的基础上提供差异化服务,与党政组织和社会自组织协调行动,利用各种社会资源,构建多种利益满足的工作机制,是团组织在提高认同度时应着重考虑的问题。     

再论法学对哲学诠释学的继受

法学对哲学诠释学的继受,存在着解构与建构两种不同的理论路向。为此,须明确法律诠释学对哲学诠释学进行继受的可能与限度。立足于本体论与方法论相统一的解释学立场,在建构意义上将法学方法论纳入哲学诠释学的理论框架中,诠释学的任务不仅仅在于对法学方法论进行反思,更在于实现诠释学思维的方法论转化,创建法学作为人文科学的方法论。诠释学反思导向法律意义的追问,必然引起法律概念论从实体本体论向关系本体论的革新。     

法官的理性认知与司法前见

法官认知是一切纷争能够得到解决的前提条件,是法律世界存在的支柱。法官的认识须由客观事实的可靠性来证明,可靠性首先意味着确定性。任何法律现象都被理解为确定的东西,被理解为稳固不变的东西,除非被立法者自己废止。＂法官所思＂是法官所有认识的真理性的第一保证,法官认识的目的就在于寻求把握审判过程中的司法真相。如果我们把司法看成是一种在司法实践基础上所发生的历史性的活动,那么从事司法审判活动的法官首先有了一种对于法治的在先理解,这就是法官的＂前见＂。法官前见的获得是其理性选择的结果,体现了事物认识发展的本质,由此构成了法官的视域。     

The patterns and prevalence of mass murder in twentieth-century America

Even though previous research has not examined mass murder prior to 1965, scholars have asserted that the mid-1960s marked the onset of an unprecedented and ever-growing mass murder wave. Using news accounts and the FBI's Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR) as sources of data, this study analyzes 909 mass killings that took place between 1900 and 1999. Although the mid-1960s marked the beginning of a mass murder wave, it was not unprecedented, because mass killings were nearly as common during the 1920s and 1930s. The results also show that familicides, the modal mass murder over the last several decades, were even more prevalent before the 1970s. Moreover, mass killers were older, more suicidal, and less likely to use guns in the first two-thirds of the 20th century. Although some have claimed that workplace massacres represent a new “strain” in mass murder, the findings suggest that the only new type of mass killing that emerged during the 20th century was the drug-related massacre.     

德日犯罪论的中国命运考量

德日犯罪论第一次进入我国的时候,由于种种原因,并未引起任何反响。再次面对德日犯罪论,刑法学界已经由赞叹走向对该理论的反思。这一反思主要从两个向度上展开：理论自身和方法论。德日犯罪论所具有的外在不稳定性,表明该理论还在发展,其内在的缺陷,显示出该理论仍需完善。而仅仅运用哲学方法对它进行研究也存在一定的问题。德日犯罪论的中国命运不容乐观。     

知·信·行:促进社会主义核心价值体系大众认同的现实路径

社会主义核心价值体系作为一种社会意识形态要真正发挥它价值引领的作用,必须实现从理论形态向实践形态的转化.在促进社会主义核心价值体系大众认同的过程中要认识、研究和遵循它在认知认同、情感认同和行为认同三个阶段中的特点:提高信息传导效率,在“知”上下功夫;促进情感认同,在“信”上下功夫;加强政策制度保障,在“行”上下功夫