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31.
《Journal of school violence》2013,12(3):63-76
Abstract Physical and verbal aggression is an increasing problem inboth middle and high schools across the United States. While physical forms of aggression are targeted in traditional “bullying” programs, relational aggression (RA), or the use of relationships to hurt another, is often not detected or addressed. For girls in the stage of identity formation, RA can impact negatively on self-concept, peer relationships, school performance, and mental and physical health. An innovative program designed specifically to help middle school girls confront and cope with issues related to RA was developed, implemented, and evaluated in two school systems. Attitudes and self-reported behaviors were measured before and after the program. Results show an improvement in relationship skills after participation in the program. Most noticeable improvements were in a girl's stated willingness to become involved when witnessing another girl being hurt and girls benefiting from the mentoring they received from high school juniors and seniors. 相似文献
32.
《Journal of immigrant & refugee studies》2013,11(3):73-95
Abstract As the host of complex factors that give rise to forced and voluntary migration change over time, the history of migration in any one country also changes. This paper is concerned with the processes of transition and change in migration patterns in the Republic of Ireland over the past fifteen years, as Ireland has moved from being a country of net emigration to one of net immigration. More specifically this paper considers the manner in which, as immigration acquires a negative label through reactive state policies enabled legislative provisions both migrant and local population groups focus on resource-based tensions. As a result, a complex set of barriers emerges to inhibit the formation (by migrants) of extensive social networks within Irish society and ultimately to restrict general social interaction and integration. This paper considers the manner in which, migrant interaction with the host society becomes more limited and of less relevance to the individual when social interaction takes place in the context of a heightened sense of difference and of barriers between local and migrant groups. As a consequence, the barriers and boundaries between the immigrant and the local population are further reinforced. 相似文献
33.
Vitacco MJ Van Rybroek GJ Rogstad JE Yahr LE Tomony JD Saewert E 《Law and human behavior》2009,33(4):308-319
Accurately predicting inpatient aggression is an important endeavor. The current study investigated inpatient aggression over
a six-month time period in a sample of 152 male forensic patients. We assessed constructs of psychopathy, anger, and active
symptoms of mental illness and tested their ability to predict reactive and instrumental aggression. Across all levels of
analyses, anger and active symptoms of mental illness predicted reactive aggression. Traits of psychopathy, which demonstrated
no relationship to reactive aggression, were a robust predictor of instrumental aggression. This study (a) reestablishes psychopathy
as a clinically useful construct in predicting inpatient instrumental aggression, (b) provides some validation for the reactive/instrumental
aggression paradigm in forensic inpatients, and (c) makes recommendations for integrating risk assessment results into treatment
interventions.
相似文献
Michael J. VitaccoEmail: |
34.
Taft CT Monson CM Schumm JA Watkins LE Panuzio J Resick PA 《Journal of family violence》2009,24(6):389-396
This study tested a model examining the interrelationships among posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, intimate relationship
adjustment, and intimate relationship aggression in a sample of 205 adult female flood victims. At the bivariate level, higher
PTSD symptoms were associated with higher physical and psychological aggression victimization, poorer relationship adjustment,
and higher physical and psychological aggression perpetration. Results from structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses indicated
that relationship aggression victimization influenced aggression perpetration directly, and in the case of physical aggression,
indirectly through its relationship with PTSD symptoms and relationship adjustment. The influence of PTSD symptoms on physical
aggression perpetration was fully explained by poorer relationship adjustment. These findings extend prior work from other
traumatized populations documenting associations between variables reflecting PTSD symptomatology and indices of relationship
functioning, and indicate a need for further investigation in this area of inquiry.
This research was supported in part by a grant to Patricia A. Resick from the National Institute of Mental Health (1-R01-MH55542). 相似文献
35.
F. Scott Christopher Jacqueline C. Pflieger Daniel J. Canary Laura K. Guerrero Amy Holtzworth-Munroe 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(2):89-100
We conducted two studies to test the utility of a new strategy for recruiting couples experiencing intimate partner violence.
This new strategy, Targeted Neighborhood Sampling, involves utilizing police reports of family fight calls to target particular areas within a city for recruitment efforts.
Study I compared the efficacy of using this method to recruit a random versus a convenience sample. Results demonstrated that
Targeted Neighborhood Sampling was most effective when recruiting a convenience sample of participants who responded to flyers
left at their residences. Study II used a convenience sample and replicated the findings from Study I. Across the two studies,
40.4% of those who called after receiving a flyer experienced male-to-female partner violence within the past year. In addition,
we combined data across studies and correlated types of violence the couples experienced with variables commonly associated
with abuse. Psychological aggression, physical assault, and injury were all positively associated with reports of demand-withdrawal
and mutual avoidance during conflict, as well as depression and symptoms of post traumatic disorder syndrome. Sexual coercion
was associated with drug abuse. These results demonstrate the utility and validity of Targeted Neighborhood Sampling.
相似文献
F. Scott ChristopherEmail: |
36.
Joám Evans Pim 《Journal of Peace Education》2018,15(3):325-344
ABSTRACTFor decades Hip Hop cultural practices have been disparaged for allegedly inciting and being responsible for the eruption of urban violence. This assumption, likely built upon pre-existing biases regarding the street culture and ethnic minorities where Hip Hop emerged, ignored how some of the genre’s main elements – particularly freestyle rap, breakin’ or breakdancing and graffiti tagging – initially served the purpose of providing at-risk youths with real alternatives to direct physical violence in their day-to-day lives, and continue do so today. It has also ignored broader analogies with other cross-cultural and cross-species manifestations of similar practices that have served for millennia as effective mechanisms for reducing the likelihood of potentially lethal violence. By presenting these manifestations – namely song dueling and mark making – in comparative terms with Hip Hop’s freestyle song and dance battles and tagging territorial contests, this article seeks to highlight the relevance and potential of Hip Hop for preventing violence while also suggesting a common evolutionary backdrop within the context of strategies aimed at minimizing intraspecific aggression. 相似文献
37.
This study investigated the relationship between social information processing (SIP) and both relational and overt, physical
aggression in a longitudinally-followed sample of 228 adolescent girls (ages 11–18; 140 with ADHD and 88 comparison girls).
During childhood, girls participated in naturalistic summer camps where peer rejection, overt physical aggression, and relational
aggression were assessed via multiple informants and methods. Approximately 4.5 years later, these girls participated in follow-up
assessments during which they completed a commonly-used vignette procedure to assess SIP; overt and relational aggression
were again assessed through multiple informants. Correlations between (a) overt and relational aggression and (b) maladaptive
SIP were modest in this female adolescent sample. However, relationships between aggression and SIP were stronger for the
comparison girls than for the girls with ADHD. The relevance of SIP models for adolescent girls and clinical implications
of findings are discussed.
相似文献
Amori Yee MikamiEmail: |
38.
The present study examines how exposure to relational aggression at school is associated with adolescents’ perceptions of,
and participation in, a hostile school environment. Participants were 1,335 African American and European American adolescents
in grades 7 through 12 (52% female, 49% African American). Results indicate that exposure to relational aggression is associated
with several components of adolescents’ perceptions of the school climate. Adolescents exposed to high levels of relational
aggression perceived their school to be less safe, and were less pleased with the general social atmosphere at school. Moreover,
for males, but not females, exposure to relational aggression was associated with carrying a weapon to school. Implications
and suggestions for future research are discussed in terms of working toward safer school environments for adolescents.
Sara Goldstein is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Family and Child Studies at Montclair State University. She received her Ph.D. in Psychology from Bowling Green State University. Her major research interests include peer relationships, aggression, and gender. Amy Young is an Assistant Research Scientist at the Institute for Research on Women and Gender at the University of Michigan. She received her Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of Michigan. Major research interests include gender, sexual assault, substance use, and developmental psychopathology. Carol Boyd is a Professor of Nursing and a Professor of Women’s Studies and is Director of the Institute for Research on women and Gender at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. She received her PhD, in Nursing (cognate Anthropology). Her major research interests include gender and substance abuse. 相似文献
Sara E. GoldsteinEmail: |
Sara Goldstein is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Family and Child Studies at Montclair State University. She received her Ph.D. in Psychology from Bowling Green State University. Her major research interests include peer relationships, aggression, and gender. Amy Young is an Assistant Research Scientist at the Institute for Research on Women and Gender at the University of Michigan. She received her Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of Michigan. Major research interests include gender, sexual assault, substance use, and developmental psychopathology. Carol Boyd is a Professor of Nursing and a Professor of Women’s Studies and is Director of the Institute for Research on women and Gender at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. She received her PhD, in Nursing (cognate Anthropology). Her major research interests include gender and substance abuse. 相似文献
39.
西方个人主义价值观研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
李文斌 《中国青年政治学院学报》2001,20(3):55-58
个人主义是近代西方社会的主流价值观,它包含两个层面的内容在个人层面上经历了人道主义、利己主义和功利主义、自由主义三个阶段,在国家层面上经历了资本主义、殖民主义、帝国主义和法西斯主义与霸权主义.个人主义具有平民性、自由性、民主性、侵略性等本质特征和非本质特征. 相似文献
40.
王睿 《湖南公安高等专科学校学报》2002,14(6):93-95
尽管手纹具有终身基本不变的稳定性 ,但由于内、外界因素的变化 ,客观上使手印发生不同程度的形变或量变。手印发生变化的原因很多。从造痕体本身、手与物面接触的状态、手印的遗留时间、承受客体的结构性能、客体周围环境的影响几个角度加以分析 ,总结出手印变化的一些规律 ,有助于手印检验工作。 相似文献