In pursuit of happiness: Life satisfaction drives political support

It is argued in this article that citizens in democracies use their subjective well-being (SWB) as an evaluative criterion when deciding how willing they are to support and comply with government dictates (political system support). When life is satisfactory, government authorities are rewarded with support, when it is not, citizens punish authorities by withholding their support. To make sense of the relationship, it is suggested that citizens act as if they have signed a happiness contract with ‘those in power’. In support of this argument, comparative survey data shows that SWB predicts attitudes on political system support across country contexts and under strong control conditions. Establishing that the relationship is causal, panel data documents that attitudes on political system support can be undermined following the termination of a close personal relationship, and that the causal effect is mediated via changes in SWB. Finally, as predicted, the happiness-support relationship is weaker among individuals who are high on spirituality/religiousness and attribute blame for external events to both worldly and non-worldly powers.     

行政行为在德国行政诉讼中的功能变迁

行政行为概念功能的变迁,同行政诉讼制度的功能定位有着密切联系。行政行为是为划定公权力边界而创造的概念,当权利保护进入无漏洞救济的时代,行政行为无力承担这一功能,从而不得不让位于主观公权利。如果对行政行为做过于宽泛的界定,可能会导致其本来肩负的程序法上的定型化功能和诉讼法上的类型化功能的衰竭甚至丧失。如果我国行政诉讼也要确立无漏洞权利保护机制,可能需要考虑加强对“合法权益”等概念的研究,以适应权利保护的完整逻辑体系。     

A Call for Help?: How Public School Principals’ Subjective Report of Institutional Weakness Relates to Disciplinary Incidents

ABSTRACT

Disciplinary incidents at U.S. public middle- and high-schools are a public policy concern. Although businesses popularly give credence to leaders’ subjective intelligence, principals’ reports of their schools’ strengths and weaknesses are questioned. To determine whether principals’ reports carry legitimacy as indicators of student offenses, the current study utilized a nationally representative survey of principals who reported on their sense of the institution and the number of disciplinary incidents in the past year (N = 1,872; replication cohort, N = 1,833). Findings showed that the more institutional shortcomings a principal endorsed, the higher total number of incidents occurred, even after controlling for institutional strength and several indicators of school crime. These findings have policy and intervention implications for improving student outcomes, and so would be of interest to funding agencies, school administrators, teachers, and parents.     

数字社会治理的权利逻辑:以个人信息权为中心

以信息技术为核心的数字社会迅速发展,促进多元主体信息交流和资讯共享,给个人信息保护带来挑战。作为数字社会公民身份的基本表征,个人信息权既是数字公民实现全面自由发展的先决条件,也是防范和控制数字权力异化的重要工具。实现数字社会个人信息权保护的价值追求,国家立法机关应秉持作为宪法价值核心的人格尊严进行立法,明晰个人信息权的规范内涵与保护机制;行政机关应遵循权力法定原则,严格基于法律保留、公共利益和比例原则处理和使用个人信息,并建立专门的个人信息权保护的监管机构;司法机关应通过法律适用和司法解释对被侵犯的个人信息权提供及时司法救济,填补法律漏洞,实现数字社会个人信息权保护的制度正义目标。     

法的价值研究及方法刍议

法的价值是法和法律制度的重要因素和特质,也是法学理论中的难点问题.法律实践和法学理论的许多同题都需要研究法的价值问题,而法的价值的研究方法制约着法的价值研究的深入.只有通过认识主体与客体之阃的关系,坚持主体需要的客观性、阶级性和社会性,采用从主体需要入手的方法,才能正确认识和诠释法的价值问题.     

论受贿罪中“为他人谋取利益”要件

在收受型受贿罪中设置为他人谋取利益的要件具有现实的必要性。"为他人谋取利益"要件应归属于主观方面,属于犯罪目的。在司法实践中认定该要件应从"他人"、"谋取"、"利益"等几个方面加以把握。     

取得时效的概念和构成要件

取得时效的占有人须有为自己所有或为自己的主观意思 ,不以善意为必要 ;占有人必须公开地、和平地、持续不间断地占有 ;占有的客体范围是他人的财产或财产权利 ,但排除不可转让的物以及某些或依其权利性质或依其表现形式或依其行使特点不得适用善意取得的权利 ;占有的时间依不动产、动产应有不同规定。     

尼采透视主义中的生命哲学和实证主义精神

尼采将自己的认识论定义为透视主义,透视主义将一切放到生命的体验中来考察,透视主义是一种对生命的直观,直观中艺术、科学、价值一体。透视主义用一句简单的话表达就是：没有真理,只有解释。这个论断隐含着尼采的实证主义立场,实证主义认为认识只是一种功能,真理没有不变的形而上学的本质,存在的只是我们对事实的价值设定透视主义与对主体性的反思相连,尼采认为,主体的观念本身就是人为的虚构。     

评贝叶斯方法对概率逻辑的继承和发展

贝叶斯方法是以概率演算定理即贝叶斯定理为核心的概率归纳逻辑。贝叶斯方法在古典概率和现代概率逻辑的概率解释基础上,将主观性引入逻辑,遵守概率的主观解释和以贝叶斯定理为主要依托的推理模式,其强大的意见收敛定理则将主观性一步步约束至客观性的道路上来,但条件化原则的归纳性质,也使得其不得不进行长期的艰难的辩护。     

天水城市主题文化的确立及战略意义

确立城市主题文化是增强城市竞争力,确立城市发展品牌的需要。天水的城市发展已经到了一个新的发展起点上,应该通过分析论证来确立天水城市主题文化,以便于用城市主题文化来引领经济、文化、产业发展的各个方面,使天水的城市发展走向高级阶段。