大鼠肝细胞DNA含量与早期死亡时间关系的图像分析研究

实验选择 15只大鼠 ,处死后 ,在 2 4h内 ,每隔 1h取肝组织块进行细胞学涂片、福尔马林液固定、Feul gen染色、自动图像分析仪测量、统计学处理数据。结果表明 ,肝细胞DNA含量在死后 2 4h内 ,随死亡时间的延长而较有规律的下降。其中积分光密度、平均光密度、异形指数是用来研究死亡 2 4h内肝细胞DNA降解规律 ,并准确推断死亡时间的较好指标。     

应用40Hz听觉相关电位与听性脑干反应评估听阈

对 42例 74耳（正常听力组 32耳,检案中主诉听力下降 42耳）分别进行纯音测定,声导抗测定,听性脑干反应 (Auditory Brainstem Response,ABR)及 0.5～ 2kHz范围的 40Hz听觉相关电位 (40Hertz Auditory Event－ related Potential,40Hz AERP)测定,对其中 20耳进行睡眠及清醒两种状态的 40Hz AERP测定。将纯音听阈、 40Hz AERP反应阈、 ABR反应阈三者之间进行比较分析。结果表明,正常听力耳 40Hz AERP反应阈值较纯音测听阈值高,在不同频率的校正值 (差值 )不同, 0.5 kHz为 12.7± 6.4(dBnHL); 1kHz为 14.7± 6.3(dBnHL); 2 kHz为 15± 5.6(dBnHL)。 ABR阈值比行为听阈高,校正值为 8.9± 5.3(dBnHL)。睡眠状态时 40Hz AERP阈值较清醒状态阈值高,校正值为 9.7± 2.45(dBnHL)。检案中主诉听力下降者主、客观语音频率均值之间明显不相符 ,误差率为 61％。本研究表明单纯使用 ABR、纯音测听中任何一种方法估计语音频率听阈均有一定的误差。     

大鼠脑挫伤后组织学及Bax/Bcl-2表达的研究

采用自制大鼠右顶叶局灶性脑挫伤模型,进行组织学和 Bax/Bcl－ 2的免疫组织化学法研究。结果发现 :伤后 12h～ 24h,挫伤灶周围神经细胞和星形胶质细胞形态学发生改变,白细胞附壁和游出;伤后 4d,挫伤灶周围出现大量的泡沫细胞和核大而深染的星形胶质细胞; 8～ 10d,挫伤灶处形成软化灶; 12～ 14d,挫伤灶愈合变成胶质细胞结节,或者变成囊状,可见大量的星型胶质细胞及新生毛细血管,可见含铁血黄素颗粒沉积。 Bax/Bcl－ 2表达水平与伤后经历时间有一定相关性。     

馬来亚橡膠問題

本文选譯自L.A.密尔斯著“馬来亚政治經济評述”一書第八章,標題为“天然橡胶和人造橡胶”。但全文主要內容是关于馬来亚天然橡胶的生产問題,因此改用現在標題。作者对于馬来亚战后以来天然橡胶的生产問題作了詳尽的論述,材料比較丰富,可供研究工作者参考。     

Public pension reform in Japan

The March 2000 pension reform in Japan focused on the long-term financial sustainability of the country's two-tiered public pension system. The government opted for incremental changes in order to maintain pension solvency through 2060. Those changes could reduce future pension funding liability by an estimated one-third. Further, the decision to avoid structural reforms of its pension programs was based on fiscal considerations. Expanding general revenue funding for the first tier from the current share of one-third to cover the entire cost would require increases in the consumption tax that proved to be politically unacceptable. Fully privatizing the second, earnings-related tier would entail transition costs too great to bear at a time of rising budget deficits. In addition, the Japanese public generally supported the sharing of financial burden for public pension programs through a combination of benefit cuts, a raise in the pensionable age, and contribution rate increases. If current cost projections prove to be inaccurate, future pension reviews (scheduled every 5 years) will give the government further opportunity to fine-tune program changes.     

Scanning electron microscopy analysis of experimental bone hacking trauma

The authors report on their macro- and microscopy study of bone lesions made by a sharp force instrument (a single blade knife), and a sharp-blunt instrument classified as a chopping weapon (a hatchet). The aim of this work was to attempt to identify the instrument by analyzing the general class characteristics of the cuts. Each weapon was used on human bones. The results indicate that macroscopic analysis is more problematic. The microscopic analysis assessed that characteristics examined were effective in distinguishing sharp from sharp-blunt injury to the bone. The microscope facilitates analysis unachievable with macroscopic methods, some three-dimensional characteristics not visible to the naked eye being clearly defined with its use. Emphasis has been placed on the value of SEM as an anthropologist's tool in bone lesion injuries.     

Influence of groove count on slip resistance using NTL test feet

In recent years, walkway slip-resistance testing with grooved NTL (Neolite Test Liners) has been the subject of research, as well as used in field investigation practices. Recent research shows that differences between non-grooved and grooved test feet do exist, especially under wet conditions. It is not known how the number of grooves influences the slip resistance. This study investigates the influence of groove count on slip resistance under both wet and dry conditions using the PIAST tribometer. Test feet with 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 grooves and a non-grooved test foot were used. Polished granite and vinyl composition tile were used as test surfaces. Results for both test surfaces show markedly higher slip resistance for increasing groove counts under wet conditions, while under dry conditions, the results show slight increases in slip resistance. Implications of these results are discussed.