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This study examined the relationship between a self-reported history of child physical and sexual abuse and chronic pain among women (N = 3,381) in a provincewide community sample. Chronic pain was significantly associated with physical abuse, education, and age of the respondents and was unrelated to child sexual abuse alone or in combination with physical abuse, mental disorder (anxiety, depression, or substance abuse), or low income. Number of health problems and mental health disorders did not mediate the relationship between physical abuse and chronic pain. Despite considerable evidence from the clinical literature linking exposure to child maltreatment and chronic pain in adulthood, this may well be the first population-based study to investigate this relationship for child physical and sexual abuse independently. The significant association between childhood history of physical abuse and pain in adulthood calls for a greater awareness of the potential for chronic pain problems associated with this type of maltreatment. Further research is needed to understand the mechanism for this complex relationship. 相似文献
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Kristin Carbone-Lopez Callie Marie Rennison Ross Macmillan 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2012,28(2):319-346
The notion of transitions is an increasingly central concept in contemporary criminology and such issues are particularly
significant in the study of intimate partner violence (IPV). Here, attention focuses on relationship dynamics and movement
into and out of relationships for understanding long-term patterns of victimization over the life course. Still, a focus on
transitions raises questions about how IPV is patterned over time and across relationships and how this contributes to stability
and change in victimization risk over the life span. Our study examines this issue using data from the National Violence Against
Women Survey. Findings from latent transition analyses reveal strong evidence for change in victimization experiences across
the life course. Among women, those who experienced serious, multifaceted violence are most likely to transition out of relationships
followed by transition into subsequent relationships characterized by conflict and aggression and a similar pattern is observed
among men. At the same time, men who experience physical aggression in previous relationships are most likely to transition
into non-violent relationships, while women with similar experiences are much less differentiated in the types of relationships
they enter into. When we account for background characteristics (e.g., respondent’s race, education, and age) and childhood
experiences of parental violence, the latter is particularly significant in accounting for exposure to serious IPV in later
adulthood. Such findings extend our understanding of how life course transitions connect to violence and offending and highlight
processes of continuity and change beyond the traditional focus on criminal offending. 相似文献
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Professor W. M. Macmillan, M.A., Hon.D.Litt., sometime professorof history of the University of the Witwatersrand and Directorof Colonial Studies, St. Andrew's University, gave the followingaddress before a joint meeting of the Royal African Societyand the Royal Commonwealth Society on October 2, 1959. Sir Perci-valeLiesching, C.M.G., a former U.K. High Commissioner in SouthAfrica, took the chair. 相似文献
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