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1.
Galliher Renee Vickerman Rostosky Sharon Scales Hughes Hannah K. 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2004,33(3):235-245
Using data from Wave II of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health; Bearman, P. S., Jones, J., and Udry, J. R. http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth/design.html, 1997), we conducted multivariate analyses to examine three indicators of psychosocial adjustment (school belonging, self-esteem, depressive symptoms) and their associations with sexual attraction status, sex, and urbanicity. In general, sexual minority adolescents reported lower psychological adjustment than adolescents endorsing other-sex attractions only, with sexual minority females at particular risk. Further, differential patterns of risk for sexual minority youth emerged across rural, urban, and suburban communities. We conclude by discussing implications of these findings for addressing the psychosocial needs of sexual minority adolescents. 相似文献
2.
In the aftermath of the Arab uprisings Foreign Terrorist Fighters (FTFs) have emerged as a significant security challenge. Since the 1980s and the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan the notion of a ‘foreign fighter’ has been closely linked, if not synonymous, with those ideologically or religiously motivated individuals who have travelled to join conflicts in Islamic lands. This article will explore the contemporary FTF movement, offering a comparison of Afghanistan in the 1980s and Syria in the contemporary period. It will explore the international community’s expansive responses to the challenge of FTFs, with special focus on the role of the United Nations. 相似文献
3.
Journal of Quantitative Criminology - Living in close proximity to recent, violent crime may undermine sense of safety in the home territory by increasing perceived crime risk. Yet it is also... 相似文献
4.
Laszlo A. Erdodi Ned L. Kirsch Renee Lajiness-O’Neill Evelyn Vingilis Brent Medoff 《Psychological injury and law》2014,7(3):255-263
The Recognition Memory Test (RMT) was compared to the Word Choice Test (WCT) within the same fixed neuropsychological battery administered to a mixed clinical sample of 237 adults to empirically evaluate the psychometric equivalence of these two instruments. On average, there was a 3-point difference in raw scores between the two instruments (M RMT?=?44.3, SD RMT?=?6.8; M WCT?=?47.1, SD WCT?=?4.6; p?.001, d?=?.48). The probability density functions differ substantially at the two ends of the scale but are similarly ≤42. Cross-validation analyses suggest that the RMT cutoff of ≤42 is functionally equivalent to a WCT score of ≤45. 相似文献
5.
Sarah?A.?StoddardEmail author Susan?J.?Henly Renee?E.?Sieving John?Bolland 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(3):278-295
Youth living in impoverished urban neighborhoods are at risk for becoming hopeless about their future and engaging in violent
behaviors. The current study seeks to examine the longitudinal relationship between social connections, hopelessness trajectories,
and subsequent violent behavior across adolescence. Our sample included 723 (49% female) African American youth living in
impoverished urban neighborhoods who participated in the Mobile Youth Survey from 1998 through 2006. Using general growth
mixture modeling, we found two hopelessness trajectory classes for both boys and girls during middle adolescence: a consistently
low hopelessness class and an increasingly hopeless class with quadratic change. In all classes, youth who reported stronger early adolescent connections to their mothers were less
hopeless at age 13. The probability of later adolescent violence with a weapon was higher for boys and was associated with
the increasingly hopeless class for both boys and girls. Implications for new avenues of research and design of hope-based prevention interventions will
be discussed. 相似文献
6.
Researchers have found an inverse relationship between immigrant status and violence perpetration. Most studies have examined Mexican immigrants, and few have assessed immigration factors other than nativity. Additionally, the majority have focused on the most serious forms of violence despite the fact that moderate violence is more common. Using data from the 2008 Boston Youth Survey, we generated prevalence estimates of peer violence perpetration across immigration related factors, examined whether risk factors for peer violence differed by these variables, and explored the contribution of risk factors to peer violence perpetration. Recent immigrants had a significantly lower prevalence of peer violence compared to each other generations/time in U.S. group. Known risk factors for violence perpetration varied by generation/time in U.S.: compared to other groups, recent immigrants were less likely to have used substances, and were more likely earn A's and B's in school. Recent immigrants had a significantly lower risk of violence perpetration relative to U.S.-born (RR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.62). Adjusting for known risk factors did not attenuate differences in risk. While immigrant youth had a lower risk of peer violence, the protective effect was diminished among immigrants who had resided in the U.S. for >4 years. This pattern demonstrates that negative assimilation occurs within the first generation, not just across generations. Results suggest that perpetration of violence worsens with increased time in the U.S. Research is needed to identify factors that contribute to the acquisition of behaviors such as violence among recently arrived immigrant youth. 相似文献
7.
Johnson RM Kidd JD Dunn EC Green JG Corliss HL Bowen D 《Journal of school violence》2011,10(2):185-200
Although sexual minority (SM) youth are at an increased risk for being bullied and experiencing depression, it is unclear how caregiver support is interrelated with those variables. Therefore, we sought to assess: (a) the prevalence of nonphysical bullying, depressive symptomatology, and caregiver support among heterosexual and SM girls, (b) the association between caregiver support and bullying in both groups, and (c) whether sexual orientation moderates the interactive effect of caregiver support and bullying on depressive symptoms. Data come from a survey of students in 22 Boston public high schools; 99 of the 832 girls in the analytic sample were SM. We used chi-square statistics to examine group differences, and multiple regression to estimate the association between the caregiver support, sexual orientation, being bullied, and depressive symptomatology. SM girls reported similar levels of caregiver support as heterosexual girls, but reported higher levels of depressive symptomatology. They were also more likely to report nonphysical bullying. Tests for interactions were not statistically significant, suggesting that bullying, caregiver support, and sexual orientation are independently associated with depressive symptomatology. 相似文献
8.
Patrick Renee B. Rote Wendy M. Gibbs John C. Basinger Karen S. 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2019,48(10):2051-2064
Journal of Youth and Adolescence - In bullying situations, adolescent bystanders may help bullied others, just stand by, or join in the antisocial behavior. Current studies have yet to fully... 相似文献
9.
Joanna Almeida Renee M. Johnson Heather L. Corliss Beth E. Molnar Deborah Azrael 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(7):1001-1014
The authors evaluated emotional distress among 9th–12th grade students, and examined whether the association between being
lesbian, gay, bisexual, and/or transgendered (i.e., “LGBT”) and emotional distress was mediated by perceptions of having been
treated badly or discriminated against because others thought they were gay or lesbian. Data come from a school-based survey
in Boston, Massachusetts (n = 1,032); 10% were LGBT, 58% were female, and ages ranged from 13 to 19 years. About 45% were Black, 31% were Hispanic, and
14% were White. LGBT youth scored significantly higher on the scale of depressive symptomatology. They were also more likely
than heterosexual, non-transgendered youth to report suicidal ideation (30% vs. 6%, p < 0.0001) and self-harm (21% vs. 6%, p < 0.0001). Mediation analyses showed that perceived discrimination accounted for increased depressive symptomatology among
LGBT males and females, and accounted for an elevated risk of self-harm and suicidal ideation among LGBT males. Perceived
discrimination is a likely contributor to emotional distress among LGBT youth. 相似文献
10.
Children’s Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence: Causes,Consequences, and Coping 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Children’s appraisals of conflictual and aggressive parental interactions mediate their effect on children’s adjustment. Previous
studies have relied almost exclusively on self-report questionnaires to assess appraisals; consequently we know little about
perceptions that occur naturally when children witness interparental aggression. This study employed a semi-structured interview
to assess the thoughts and feelings of 34 children (ages 7–12) whose mothers were receiving services at domestic violence
agencies, and mothers reported on interparental aggression that took place in the home. Children’s thoughts centered on consequences
and efforts to understand why fights occurred. They generally viewed their mother’s partner as responsible for violence, though
a significant number viewed both parents as playing a role. Sadness and anger were more common than anxiety, and children
often attempted to stop or withdraw from fights or both. When asked why family violence occurs, most focused on perpetrators’
lack of control of anger or personal characteristics, but approximately one-third viewed victims as provoking aggression.
These findings support the idea that children actively attempt to understand the causes and consequences of interparental
violence and suggest that their perceptions and interpretations are important for understanding the development of beliefs
regarding the use of violence in close relationships. 相似文献