美国:世界首要货币操纵国

美国对华贸易出现大量赤字之后,一直要求中国必须停止所谓的使人民币低估的币值“操纵”。然而,2007年2月14日《亚洲时报》上亨利·C·K·刘的《美国:世界首要货币操纵国》一文认为,美国为了维护自己的金融霸权和美元霸权,历史上一直强烈干预金融和汇率,美国才是世界首要的货币     

追赃—侦破技巧漫谈

<正> 我们介绍的这个案子——《罗曼纽克抢劫集团案》,是一伙匪徒结伙抢劫商店贵重品的重大案件。事情发生在斯坦塔夫罗波尔边疆。匪徒罗曼纽克纠集马特维丘克和梅谢里亚科夫光顾了阿奇库拉克镇一家商店,整个珠宝首饰部被洗劫一空,共抢走了价值十七万卢布的贵重品。案发后,边疆区检察院立即组成了侦察小组,由主任侦查员瓦西里耶夫领导。经过侦察,很快就将三名案犯捉拿归案。审讯时,他们都对自己的犯罪事实供认不     

第二次世界大战中的苏联及法西斯的覆灭

在苏维埃政权建立的最初20年里，社会主义制度牢固地在苏联建立起来。苏联人民为自己祖国取得的伟大胜利而感到无比地自豪。国民经济的高速发展与人民生活水平的不断改善和提高，更加激励着苏联人民努力地工作。1941年2月22日，苏联国家计划委员会制定了“发展下一个十五年苏联经济”计划，之后，国家上下都为这一计划的早日实现而不懈奋斗着。谁知，四个月后，即同年6月22日，苏联人民的和平生活因遭到极其虚伪的纳粹德国的进攻而被打破。德国侵略者统治世界的野心营谋已久。早在1933年希特勒掌握纳粹政权时就已暴露出来，在不长的时间内，…     

The evolution of employment in Mexico: 1895-1980

Employment figures from the Mexican national census are the basis for this analysis of employment changes in Mexico between 1895-1980. The work identifies longterm trends in the volume and composition of employment and distinguishes 3 main periods in the evolution of employment. The first period, from 1895-1930, marked the end of a stage of development lasting until about 1907 in which sufficient internal stability was achieved to support Mexico's entrance into the world market. Export of agricultural products and metals was the principal focus of economic growth. Construction of roads and railroads was a central element of progress. But economic and social problems manifested in regional disparities, concentration of wealth, conflicts between economic sectors, low pay for agricultural workers, and fierce social and political control characterized the period and culminated in the Mexican Revolution. After the first decade of the 20th century the ability of the economy to absorb new workers began to decline, and the falling of crude activity rates was not reversed until the 1940s. During the 1920s, total employment increased less than 6%, reflecting a net increase of 403,000 male workers and a decrease of 110,000 female workers. The second major period of employment from 1930-1970 saw the change from an economy based on export of primary products to one based on manufacturing for the internal market. There were 2 subperiods, a stage of transition from 1930-50, the economy registered marked fluctuations, but by the 1940s the consolidation of state power and important reforms permitting expansion of the internal market were factors in an accelerated growth of employment relative to the preceding intercensal period. Despite considerable increases in agricultural employment, the relative share of the agricultural sector in total employment was beginning a decline. Employment registered the highest growth rates of the century in the 1940s and exceeded population growth. The increased employment was explained by accelerated growth and accumulation in manufacturing along with increases in commerce, services, construction, and agriculture. From 1950-70, industrial development was consolidated, and there was a generalized expansion in employment in manufacturing as well as in the secondary and tertiary sectors. The economy was less able to absorb new labor, primarily because the agricultural sector had reached the limits of expansion in both the commercial and peasant sector by 1965, at just the time that population growth was most rapid. During the 1970s, manufacturing employment grew less rapidly because of modernization, almost exclusive orientation to the internal market which limited expansion, and scarcity of funds for importing capital goods. A new model of growth will be needed if Mexico is to escape its present stagnation, and a significant share of economic activity will need to be oriented to export. Until this process is consolidated, the national economy is unlikely to show signs of sustained recuperation.