全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1196篇 |
免费 | 53篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 103篇 |
工人农民 | 73篇 |
世界政治 | 156篇 |
外交国际关系 | 71篇 |
法律 | 514篇 |
中国政治 | 19篇 |
政治理论 | 285篇 |
综合类 | 28篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 16篇 |
2020年 | 26篇 |
2019年 | 31篇 |
2018年 | 44篇 |
2017年 | 50篇 |
2016年 | 52篇 |
2015年 | 32篇 |
2014年 | 40篇 |
2013年 | 208篇 |
2012年 | 27篇 |
2011年 | 47篇 |
2010年 | 37篇 |
2009年 | 33篇 |
2008年 | 40篇 |
2007年 | 45篇 |
2006年 | 44篇 |
2005年 | 46篇 |
2004年 | 29篇 |
2003年 | 26篇 |
2002年 | 40篇 |
2001年 | 27篇 |
2000年 | 24篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 20篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 12篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1969年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有1249条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Chris Addison 《Development in Practice》2006,16(6):623-627
This brief paper describes a range of facilities and new developments in Web-based and Internet services. While many of the applications are being used for publishing, dialogue, research, and feedback in development, the question still remains: how profoundly is the development of communications, and in particular the Internet, changing the international development community and the way in which it works? 相似文献
2.
3.
Local government reforms in contemporary Russia are placed in the broader contexts of political reform under Putin and the historical relationship between local administration and the state. Reforms of local government thus help illuminate the architecture of contemporary state building in Russia and the degree to which contemporary Russia perpetuates political traditions. This study reviews the antecedent action in local government prior to the Putin era. It then examines the Kozak Commission and the new law on local government, assessing the strengths and weaknesses of these reforms. Finally, this study examines the challenges of implementing the reforms and what these challenges tell us about devolution and centralisation under Putin. 相似文献
4.
According to David Garland (1990) scholars should be concerned about the cultural foundations of punishment in modern western society, such as religion. To this end, Garland conceptualizes punitive mentalities and sensibilities that provide the cultural support for structural systems ofpunishment. Punitive mentalities are ways of thinking about punishment, whereas punitive sensibilities are ways of feeling about punishment. Garlandsuggests that religious traditions are an important source of punitive mentalities and sensibilities. This research is an empirical analysis ofpunitive mentalities and their cultural roots, using qualitative research.Research questions focus on the following: Are there distinctively punitivementalities? How do punitive mentalities influence the desire for officialpunishment? Data from a previous study (Cook, 1998a) are analyzed here to explore terrains of punitive mentalities within the contexts of Christianity.Findings identify four distinct categories: anti-punitive, non-punitive,retributive and vengeful mentalities where Christian (non)belief systemsare important cornerstones. Respondents in each group have specific desires regarding the state's use of punishments, especially the ``death penalty''. 相似文献
5.
6.
Hyeouk Chris Hahm Yoona Lee Al Ozonoff Michael J. Van Wert 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(5):528-540
The purpose of this study was to investigate how different types of child maltreatment, independently and collectively, impact
a wide range of risk behaviors that fall into three domains: sexual risk behaviors, delinquency, and suicidality. Cumulative
classification and Expanded Hierarchical Type (EHT) classification approaches were used to categorize various types of maltreatment.
Data were derived from Wave III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). Our sample consisted
of White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian females ages 18 to 27 (n = 7,576). Experiencing different kinds of maltreatment during childhood led to an extensive range of risk behaviors within
the three identified domains. Women experiencing sexual abuse plus other maltreatment types had the poorest outcomes in all
three domains. These findings illustrate that it may no longer be appropriate to assume that all types of maltreatment are
equivalent in their potential contribution to negative developmental sequelae. 相似文献
7.
Large-scale privatization is an unfamiliar area of public policy. The practice and study of property reforms and privatization
needs to include mesolvel phenomena such as laws, regulations, institutions and standard operating procedures. There has been
little comparative analysis of privatization programs around the world. The author argues that analysts should compare the
most immediately relevant institutional environment of the enterprise. Conceptually, this mesolevel system is situated between
the firm and the macroeconomy. This system of action is especially fruitful for cross-national comparisons of privatization
programs because it is at this level that privatization strategies are designed. The problem for Eastern Europe and for less-developed
countries is lack of experience with the relatively light economic regulation that characterizes industrial countries. Government
leaders must also decide how much effort to devote to privatization of state-owned enterprises and how much to fostering private
sector investment in new firms.
Ernest J. Wilson, III is affiliated with the National Security Council, Washington, D.C. 相似文献
8.
Eighteen external quality assessment (proficiency testing) samples were prepared from client specimens collected with the Intercept® oral fluid collection device and by spiking drug-free oral fluid. Samples were circulated in pairs at quarterly intervals to 13 UK and USA based laboratories for analysis by a panel of OraSure micro-plate Intercept® enzyme immunoassay kits and hyphenated mass spectrophotometric techniques. During the survey, there was a single case of non-specificity in a false report for methadone. The major errors were of lack of sensitivity relative to the concentration thresholds specified for the immunoassays. The sensitivity for overall ‘present’/‘not found’ reports calculated as true positives/(true positives + false negatives) were for the amfetamine specific assay 50%, methyl-amfetamines 93%, barbiturates 64%, cannabinoids 73%, cocaine and metabolites 100%, benzodiazepines 69%, methadone 95%, opiates 79% (opiates excluding oxycodone 93%), phencyclidine 93% and human gamma-globulin 97%. A small number of the sensitivity errors were attributable to errors in chromatographic confirmation techniques. 相似文献
9.
Chris Baerveldt 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》1992,8(1):79-94
Earlier research on the relation between school features and petty crime suggests that schools can intentionally influence the crime rate of the pupils. These findings were the starting point for a Dutch study at secondary schools of the same type in Dutch towns. The study focused on effects on the delinquency of third-year low-stream pupils (aged 15–17). For the study a control theory was formulated, a conditional control theory, which, in contrast to Hirschi's social control theory, recognizes possible delinquent influences of the pupils' network. In the study a strong statistical relation between integration of pupils in school and petty crime was found. However, I found almost no influence of the studied school features on integration and petty crime. These results led to the question whether the real important feature of schools had been neglected in the study. This seems not to be the case. A multilevel analysis shows that it is unlikely that there is major impact of schools on the integration of pupils, on delinquency, or on the relationship between integration and delinquency. This can be the result of special aspects of the Dutch school system and of the neglect of theory in earlier research. 相似文献
10.
Defining risk 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Risk is the focal topic in the management of many activities and technologies. For that management to be successful, an explicit and accepted definition of the term risk is essential. Creation of that definition is a political act, expressing the definers' values regarding the relative importance of different possible adverse consequences for a particular decision. Those values, and with them the definition of risk, can change with changes in the decisionmaker, the technologies considered, or the decision problem. After a review of the sources of controversy in defining risk, a general framework is developed, showing how these value issues can be systematically addressed. As an example, the approach is applied to characterizing the risks of six competing energy technologies, the relative riskeness of which depends upon the particular definition used. 相似文献