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Journal of Youth and Adolescence - 相似文献
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The present investigation examined the predictive accuracy of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) for youth and adult recidivism in a Canadian sample of 167 youths (93 males, 74 females) charged with serious offenses who received psychological services from a community mental health outpatient clinic. Youths were followed for an average of 7 years in the community, and predictive accuracy was examined for several recidivism outcomes as a function of gender, ethnicity, and developmental age group. YLS/CMI total scores significantly predicted all recidivism categories in the overall sample (area under the curve values ranged from 0.66 to 0.77) although the instrument as a whole, and its criminogenic needs, demonstrated somewhat stronger and more consistent predictive accuracy for youth outcomes. The YLS/CMI also demonstrated significant predictive accuracy within demographic subgroups. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the use of risk-need assessment tools in providing clinical assessment, treatment, and case management services to diverse young offender groups. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved). 相似文献
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Mark E. Olver Gabrielle Klepfisz Keira C. Stockdale Drew A. Kingston Terry P. Nicholaichuk Stephen C. P. Wong 《Journal of Sexual Aggression》2013,19(2):147-160
ABSTRACTThe present study was a psychometric examination of Violence Risk Scale-Sexual Offender version (VRS-SO; Wong, S., Olver, M. E., Nicholaichuk, T. P., & Gordon, A. (2003). The violence risk scale: Sexual offender version (VRS-SO). Saskatoon: Regional Psychiatric Centre and University of Saskatchewan) static item scores in a Canadian multisite sample of 668 treated adult male sexual offenders. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of 13 nonredundant Static-99R and VRS-SO static items generated three factors labelled Youthful Aggression, Sexual Criminality, and General Criminality. The factor and total scores converged with Static-99R and VRS-SO dynamic factor scores. Scores on the VRS-SO static items, EFA-derived factors, and total score each significantly predicted 5- and 10-year sexual, violent, and general recidivism through ROC analyses. Cox regression survival analyses showed all three factors uniquely predicted sexual recidivism to varying degrees in the overall sample; however, only Youthful Aggression and General Criminality uniquely significantly predicted violent and general recidivism in the overall sample and among sexual offender subgroups. Implications for theory, clinical practice, and instrument refinement are discussed. 相似文献
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Fraser AM Padilla-Walker LM Coyne SM Nelson LJ Stockdale LA 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2012,41(5):636-649
Exposure to media violence, including violent video gaming, can have a cognitive desensitization effect, lowering empathic
concern for others in need. Since emerging adulthood offers increased opportunities to volunteer, strengthen relationships,
and initiate new relationships, decreases in empathic concern and prosocial behavior may prove inhibitive to optimal development
during this time. For these reasons, the current study investigated associations between violent video gaming, empathic responding,
and prosocial behavior enacted toward strangers, friends, and family members. Participants consisted of 780 emerging adults
(M age = 19.60, SD = 1.86, range = 18–29, 69% female, 69% Caucasian) from four universities in the United States. Results showed
small to moderate effects between playing violent video gaming and lowered empathic concern for both males and females. In
addition, lowered empathic concern partially mediated the pathways between violent video gaming and prosocial behavior toward
all three targets (at the level of a trend for females), but was most strongly associated with lower prosocial behavior toward
strangers. Discussion highlights how violent video gaming is associated with lower levels of prosocial behavior through the
mechanism of decreased empathic concern, how this association can affect prosocial behavior differently across target, and
finally what implications this might have for development during emerging adulthood. 相似文献
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Law and Human Behavior - In two decades of research on sexual harassment, one finding that appears repeatedly is that gender of the rater influences judgments about sexual harassment such that... 相似文献
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This study examined the extent to which harassment experiences correlate with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms,
and whether diagnosable PTSD on the basis of sexual harassment occurs after accounting for prior PTSD, prior sexual abuse,
and prior psychological dysfunction. The sample consisted of a two-wave panel of 445 women who had received a domestic violence
protective order from a Kentucky court. Hierarchical linear and logistic analyses confirmed that sexual harassment experiences
were significantly correlated with PTSD symptoms after controlling for an extensive set of trauma variables measured in both
the baseline and follow up interviews. Our findings lend further evidence that claims of PTSD from sexual harassment may be
credible even if claimants have been victims of other forms of trauma. 相似文献
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