POLICE DISCRETION AT THE ARRESTING STAGE OF TERRORISM CRIMINAL SUSPECT： EFFORT OF INDONESIAN POLICE IN COMBATING TERRORISM CRIME

The police arresting action that should be done to the suspect of terrorism determined by the understanding about the prevailing law and morality and standard operational procedure, the authority should not oppose with human rights in order to determine the abuse in the police discretion at the arrest stage. In the criminal law enforcement practice related with the terrorism arrest has occurred abuse of authorities if not based on rationality and the understanding and implementation of true legal norms that will influence the law enforcement. The effort to eradicate the terrorism criminal offense should be followed by executive policy formulation as the clear, firm and measured fixed criminal procedure law so each power usage in the police action, especially firearms can be answered based on human rights, police code of conduct, basic principle on the use of force and firearms. The paper attempts to describe and analyse the police discretion power as defined on the Act No. 2 Year 2002 concerning Indonesian National Police particularly at the arresting stage terrorism criminal suspect in the effort of combating terrorism crime in the country.     

A LEGAL PROTECTION OF THE SUGARCANE FARMERS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF A WELFARE STATE IN THE LOCAL AUTONOMY ERA

After the policy on the local autonomy is implemented, the legal protection of the sugar cane farmers has not yet been able to improve wellfare of farmers, due to some factors. First, the regulations have not taken sides to the welfare of the farmers and no synchronization exists, even there has been a disharmony in various regulations on the protection of the sugar cane farmers. Second, the farmers institutions have not been well organized, and this condition makes the bargaining position of the farmers weak when they face external powers, either the government or the capital owners. Third, land availability to plan sugar canes always decreases. The land possession of farmers is reduced among the macro-economic phenomenon. Ironically, at present 49.5% of farmers in Java and 18. 7 % farmers out of Java are not land owners. Therefore, philosophically, the legal protection of the sugar cane farmers in the future should still refer to the rechtides as stated in Pancasila （Five Basic Principles）. Sociologically, such a protection should reflect the factual condition, and give benefits for farmer welfare and juridically, synchronization and harmonization of the regulations should be quickly made.     

ARTICLES

PROGRESSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL LAW OF INDONESIA： GLOBAL PRINCIPLES OF STOCKHOLM AND RIO DECLARATIONS AS DEFINED WITHIN THE 2009 ACT ON HUMAN ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT     

Indonesian labour law development and reform： The years of ratifying fundamental human rights defined within the ILO core conventions

Indonesia has a long experience in developing and reforming its labour law in order to response and accommodate fundamental human rights defined within International Labour Organization （ILO） core conventions. It was in particular for enhancing substance of workers＇ prosperity in industrial relationships in the country. For the purpose of changing paradigm in industrial relationships namely the corporatist model or regulatory model into the contractual model and replacing the single union system with multi-union system in term of labor institution and worker association （particularly based on the ILO Convention No. 87 and No. 98）, the government of Indonesia fairly enacted the Act No. 21 of 2000 regarding Trade Unions and the Act No. 13 of 2003 regarding Labor.