全文获取类型
收费全文 | 249篇 |
免费 | 16篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 26篇 |
工人农民 | 10篇 |
世界政治 | 35篇 |
外交国际关系 | 14篇 |
法律 | 107篇 |
中国政治 | 9篇 |
政治理论 | 63篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 1篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 12篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 10篇 |
2013年 | 56篇 |
2012年 | 5篇 |
2011年 | 6篇 |
2010年 | 11篇 |
2009年 | 5篇 |
2008年 | 5篇 |
2007年 | 7篇 |
2006年 | 10篇 |
2005年 | 10篇 |
2004年 | 12篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 7篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有265条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Bingo is one of two legalized forms of gambling in the state of North Carolina. This paper is largely a product of information
gleaned from an undercover police operation conducted by a special state task force constructed by the State Attorney General
in 1983. The investigation concerned violation of state law designed to regulate bingo activity. This report provides the
reader with the development of state law associated with bingo operations, and concentrates on the illegitimate methods used
by professional operators to cheat bingo patrons. Legislation designed to crack-down on bingo abuse is discussed as well
Gambling is one of the most controversial social activities yet one of the least studied forms of social behavior (King, 1985).
Bingo is a specific form of legalized gambling which has received very little attention by social scientists. There have been,
however, a few studies which address the characteristics and motivations of bingo players. For example, it has been suggested
that bingo is primarily a female activity (Dixie, 1987). However, it has been found that motivations among male and female
players differ. Females are motivated more by social contact with other players, whereas men are motivated more by a need
for economic advancement (King, 1985). Although some studies exist on the characteristics of bingo players, there is a dearth
of research on the operators of bingo games, particularly those operators who ply their trade in a legally suspect fashion.
This paper focuses upon the legally suspect mechanisms utilized by some professionals who run bingo gambling operations.
The controversy over gambling often extends to state legislatures where lawmakers must wrestle with the question of whether
or not to allow legalized gambling within their borders. On the one hand, advocates of legalized gambling cite potential advantages
such as the creation of employment opportunities, its potential for enhancement of state revenues, the recreational value
of such activity for consumers and the general enhancement of tourism within states having legalized gambling. On the other
hand, critics of legalized gambling proclaim its evils such as the perceived relationship of gambling to organized crime,
the belief that gambling breeds other social ills (e.g. theft or other crimes of economic desperation) and the belief that
gambling can become a psychologically addictive disease which can contribute to individual and family impoverishment as well
as community disorganization. North Carolina is one state in which the legislature has demonstrated strong resistance to the
allowance of legalized gambling operations. Two exceptions exist, however. North Carolina allows two forms of legalized gambling,
bingo games and raffles. This paper focuses upon bingo gambling operations.
The central thesis of this paper is bingo was originally legalized to provide tax-exempt, charitable organizations a means
of revenue enhancement which would help fund their socially worthwhile endeavors. The legislative changes allowing this form
of gambling, however, have created opportunities for professional game operators whose major motivation is personal economic
enrichment (versus economic enhancement of charitable organizations). The personal economic enrichment motive is offered to
account for the various forms of cheating which were observed in a special investigation of a sample of bingo operations.
In a review of theoretical explanations of gambling behavior Kim King (1985) suggests an extension of the functional approach
which he labels an “Economic/Status” explanation. This explanation stresses the positive functions of gambling for society
and the individual. According to the economic/status explanation, the positive functions of gambling (for the individual)
include an innovative opportunity for economic enrichment, success, and status (King, 1985). We would like to suggest that
such reasons explain why a number of legally suspect bingo operations have emerged in North Carolina. The same reasons appear
to explain the use of various schemes by some bingo operators to cheat their patrons. In short, bingo profits appear to be
the primary reason for the massive increase in the number of bingo operations. Other theoretical factors are suggested to
account for the attraction of patrons to bingo games.
According to King (1985), the “functionalist” explanation of the recent popularity of bingo gambling is due to the tension-release
afforded to players of bingo; bingo offers an exciting and innovative way to attain economic success. A concurrent Marxian
explanation sees bingo gambling as an opiate of the oppressed, providing a false sense of control and success (King, 1985).
Other theoretical factors suggested by King include the symbolic interactionist idea that gambling is a way to display one’s
self to others in order to gain character (Goffman, 1967) and the idea that gambling for some people is a means of conspicuous
consumption (Veblen, 1899). These factors may account for the popularity of bingo operations, however the focus of this paper
is not upon an explanation of why bingo has become so popular.
This paper will outline some of the legally suspect methods used by unscrupulous bingo game operators. The information for
this report is based upon an undercover police investigation of illegal bingo activity in North Carolina. The investigation
was to explore the nature of illegal bingo gambling within the state.
Bingo gambling has a unique history in North Carolina; its recent legal history will be discussed in this treatise as well
as the various legitimate and illegitimate methods of bingo game operators, state law designed to regulate bingo gambling
and measures taken by “professional” (versus “charitable”) operators to protect their lucrative but legally suspect trade. 相似文献
2.
3.
Beatriz Martínez Luis Caraballo Francisco Barn Leonor Gusmo Antonio Amorim ngel Carracedo 《Forensic Science International Supplement Series》2006,160(2-3):221-223
Allele frequencies, together with some parameters of forensic interest were estimated for nine STRs included in the AmpF/STR Profiler kit (CSF1PO, D3S1358, D5S818, D7S820, D13S317, FGA, TH01, TPOX and vWA) in a sample of 215 unrelated individuals from Cartagena (Colombia). For all loci, no significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed. Comparative analysis results between our data and those from other Colombian and African population samples revealed significant differences, except with two Colombian Caribbean Coast sub-regions. 相似文献
4.
Helena Teixeira Paula Proena Alain Verstraete Francisco Corte-Real Duarte Nuno Vieira 《Forensic Science International Supplement Series》2005,150(2-3):205
An analytical method using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) has been developed and validated for the confirmation of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in oral fluid samples. Oral fluid was extracted using Bond Elut LRC-Certify solid-phase extraction columns (10 cm3, 300 mg) and elution performed with n-hexane/ethyl acetate. Quantitation made use of the selected ion-recording mode (SIR) using the most abundant characteristic ion [THC + H+], m/z 315.31 and the fragment ion, m/z 193.13 for confirmation, and m/z 318.00 for the protonated internal standard, [d3-THC + H+]. The method proved to be precise for THC, in terms of both intra-day and inter-day analyses, with coefficients of variation less than 10%, and the calculated extraction efficiencies for THC ranged from 76 to 83%. Calibration standards spiked with THC between 2 and 100 ng/mL showed a linear relationship (r2 = 0.999). The method presented was applied to the oral fluid samples taken from the volunteers during the largest music event in Portugal, named Rock in Rio-Lisboa. Oral fluid was collected from 40 persons by expectoration and with Salivette®. In 55% of the samples obtained by expectorating, THC was detected with concentration ranges from 1033 to 6552 ng/mL and in 45% of cases THC was detected at concentrations between 51 and 937 ng/mL. However, using Salivette® collection, 26 of the 40 cases had an undetectable THC. 相似文献
5.
Peter Atkins Greg Bagley Jim Bartoo Michael Bayer David Beatty David Brown Terry Cook Reggie Fairchild David Foster Bruno Gentil Gordon Goetzmann Michael Green Jim Hamann Rustom Irani Greg Lee Lynn Little Jim Mariani Tom McGuire Doug Merrill Gentaro Murakami Todd Naiven Taisuke Nomura Doug Paul Joe Rodriguez Stephen Silver Howard Suskind Mitsuhiro Tsuchiya Mike Wais Jeff Wright Jonathan Zaremski 《The Journal of Technology Transfer》1992,17(1):58-67
The United States today faces a loss of influence as a world power, a reduction in American independence as a policymaker, and a decline in the standard of living on which Americans have come to depend. History teaches that nations weaker and less productive than the United States can rise to become economic powerhouses and rapidly increase their standards of living. History also teaches that nations failing to recognize their fundamental problems will inevitably decline. American politicians must face what is abundantly clear: the United States is losing ground and must act quickly to reverse its course. This White Paper outlines what must be done. Information about the nation's current status must be analyzed and communicated. Incentives to improve the level of competence in government must be provided and maintained. The emphasis of government policy must be changed to reflect broad economic and technological interests as opposed to special interests. Savings must be encouraged and increased. Infrastructure must be improved Tax laws must be modified to help bring these changes about. Economic and technological issues must be elevated to the importance they require. American thinking must reflect the new realities: that the age of leadership through military power is over, that the requirements for success in the world of the 1990s and beyond require a sound and growing economy that is internationally competitive. The US can accomplish these goals only through foundation-shaking, comprehensive, fundamental changealong the lines we propose herein.This paper is the executive summary (with minor editing modifications) of a white paper that is available from Cornell University's Johnson Graduate School of Management. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
Unarmed Utopia Revisited: The Resurgence of Left-of-Centre Politics in Latin America 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Francisco Panizza 《Political studies》2005,53(4):716-734
This paper seeks to examine the extent to which left-wing forces are making a comeback in Latin America and to draw out the political implications of their political ascendancy. It argues that while left-of-centre parties have developed a persuasive critique of the failures of liberal democracy and economic neoliberalism in the region, there is as yet no conceptual clarity or distinct policy initiatives materialising from the left's promises of deepening democracy and implementing an alternative economic model. When in power, left-of-centre parties have followed a strategy of 'bending and moulding' existing political institutions and the free-market economic model rather than attempting radical political and economic reforms. This paper concludes that left-of-centre parties are right in accepting that there is little room in the region for an anti-systemic model and that instead the emphasis should be placed on making states, markets and democracy work better to secure development, address social demands and attack the root causes of discrimination and inequality. But leaving behind old certainties and adapting to the new political and economic environment has come at the cost of a loss of intellectual confidence, ideological clarity and weakened identities. 相似文献
9.
10.