The institutional structuring of innovation policy coordination: theory and evidence from East Asia

This article suggests that variations in the dominant pattern of innovation policy coordination can be analysed and understood effectively by dividing innovation and other complementary socio-economic policies into low-complexity and high-complexity tasks. The effective implementation of these two sets of policy tasks that differ in the extent, nature and intractability of collective action problems confronting the coordination process hinges on the strength of two sociopolitical institutions: bureaucratic organizational structures and interactive governing arrangements. While bureaucratic organizational structures are better suited to delivering low-complexity tasks, interactive governing arrangements are more effective in resolving high-complexity policy problems. They interact differently across political economies to structure the management of coordination challenges and thus give rise to divergent patterns of innovation policy-making. The comparative analysis of innovation policy coordination between Hong Kong and Singapore over the past two decades lends strong support to the central theoretical propositions of the article.

     

Political structures and financial liberalization in pre-crisis East Asia

East Asian economies differed dramatically in their vulnerability to the financial shocks of 1997–98. In the current literature on the Asian crisis, one key factor commonly adduced to explain the uneven crises is different national approaches to liberalizing the financial market. While extant analyses have yielded important insights into the correlation between divergent liberalization patterns and uneven crises, they have failed to deal with the crucial question of why East Asian economies diverged in their respective paths to financial market liberalization. To account for differences in liberalization approaches, this article develops an institutional explanation of financial policy choices. It posits that variations in liberalization patterns stem from fundamental differences in the organizational structures of the private sector, the bureaucracy, and the party system that shape the economic interests and political behavior of social groups and state agencies in the policy-making process. In making this argument, the article focuses on Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and Thailand, the four major East Asian economies that pursued different liberalization strategies during the 1980s and 1990s and had contrasting performance in the recent financial crisis. It argues that cross-national differences in the above-mentioned domestic political structures within the four economies are the primary sources of their divergent liberalization approaches and outcomes, which, in turn, impacted financial stability to differing degrees and generated varying abilities to withstand external shocks. The author thanks Benjamin Cohen, Stephan Haggard, Otto Holman, Geoffrey Underhill, and anonymous SCID reviewers for their helpul comments on earlier drafts. Generous financial support from the Amsterdam School for Social Science Research and the Netherlands Fellowship Program is gratefully acknowledged. The usual disclaimers apply. Xiaoke Zhang is research fellow in the Amsterdam School for Social Science Research and the Department of Political Science at the University of Amsterdam. He is the author ofThe Changing Politics of Finance in Korea and Thailand (Routledge, 2002) and the co-editor ofInternational Financial Governance under Stress (Cambridge University Press 2003).     

海峡两岸产业链的形成与发展——基于HS四位码产业的实证分析

自从上世纪90年代以来,伴随着台湾对大陆投资的发展,两岸在生产领域的合作日趋紧密。本文首先考察了台商投资大陆形成两岸产业链的过程;然后利用816个HS四位码行业在2004-2012年的两岸贸易数据,通过对两岸产业内贸易和产业分工的分析实证研究了两岸产业链的类型与结构;最后提出强化两岸产业链合作的政策建议。结论显示:2012年在816个行业中有299个行业形成了两岸产业链关系,贸易额占比达到41.28%,而且这些行业中有68.56%表现为台湾占优势的垂直分工。     

法律视域下农村基本公共服务有效供给探究

供需不均衡、财力投入不足、供给模式单一、效率低下是困扰农村基本公共服务有效供给的主要原因。依法治国方略确立了法律在国民生产和社会生活中的基本规范和根本性的指导作用。透过法律视角,分析基本公共服务供给中产生非均衡和低效这一现象的原因,可以为推进我国农村基本公共服务供给提供一条可行的路径,为此,我们必须从确立城乡一体化、完善相关法律制度、健全实体与程序的法律三方面着手。     

Domestic institutions,liberalization patterns,and uneven crises in Korea and Taiwan

pragmatic and long-term approach to financial market reform, with greater sensitivity to political risks and constraints.     

强制责任保险研究

本文分析了强制责任保险在当代社会产生的法理依据,探讨了强制责任保险"异质性"特点及其价值功能,对大陆法系和普通法系国家和地区的有关立法例进行了比较,检讨了我国强制责任保险的立法与实践,并对完善我国强制责任保险制度提出建议。     

Between Decisiveness and Credibility: Transforming the Securities Industry in Singapore and Thailand

This article suggests a political party-centred explanation of economic policy reforms that differs significantly from the standard theoretical models that emphasise social coalitions, government systems, regime types or electoral cycles. The explanatory approach advanced here focuses on inter-party and intra-party organisational dimensions within an integrated analytical framework as the major determinants of both the decisiveness of policy reforms and the credibility of such reforms. A comparative analysis of government efforts to transform the securities industry in Singapore and Thailand provides preliminary evidence with which to explore the proposed causal linkage between the patterns of stock market reforms and the changing configurations of political parties.     

试论人际情报在公安工作中的应用

人际情报是一种重要的公安人物情报。人际情报在公安工作中的应用存在着人员社会信息采集面窄、数据库人际关联欠缺、虚拟人际情报开发不足等问题。公安机关要广泛搜集人际情报,优化人员数据库功能,探索人际情报分析方法,实现人际情报在公安工作中的深度应用。     

大国竞争与中国对东南亚的经济外交

近些年来,随着美国高调"重返"东南亚和日本紧随其后强化其在东南亚的存在,大国在东南亚地区的竞争日益明朗。美日"重返"东南亚使得中国与东盟的经济合作不仅面临着更有力的竞争对手,经济外交为中国崛起带来的安抚效果也大打折扣,东盟国家的大国平衡策略则加剧了大国的竞争效应。为此,中国有必要进一步提高经济外交的能力,通过寻找各方利益契合点、灵活运用正负面经济手段、提供更多更有效的区域公共产品等方式来维护中国在东南亚地区的政治经济利益。     

新冠疫情背景下中日韩粮食安全合作的空间与战略

具有不同资源禀赋的中日韩三国,原本存在着不同程度的粮食安全问题.新冠疫情冲击了国际粮食产业链,干扰了世界粮食生产与贸易的正常运行,使得中日韩三国的粮食安全问题再度凸显.尽管中日韩已初步构建起政府间粮食合作机制,但存在机制议程化现象和农产品保护主义盛行等诸多问题.新冠疫情推动了经济全球化向本土化、区域化方向的转变,促使中日韩三国更加深刻地意识到彼此间高度相互依赖关系的同时,也提升了中日韩粮食安全合作的必要性与紧迫性.三国应共同努力,从供给、流通和市场三个层面扎实推进实质性的合作进程.