论被继承人宽宥制度的适用

被继承人宽宥制度,是指当继承人因特定原因丧失继承权后确有悔过行为,经被继承人宽恕后重新恢复继承权的一项民事法律制度,在我国具有一定的社会基础和深厚的历史渊源。设立被继承人宽宥制度,旨在为有过错的继承人提供改过自新、重新获得继承权的机会。     

纪念香港城市大学合作十周年研讨会发言节选

2019年12月8日国家法官学院与香港城市大学合作办学十年座谈会暨判例法与案例指导制度论坛举行,本刊摘录几位嘉宾的现场演讲,以飨读者。     

Postmortem Computed Tomography in Firearm Homicides: A Retrospective Case Series,

Postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) is integrated into the evaluation of decedents in several American medical examiner offices and medicolegal death investigative centers in many other countries. We retrospectively investigated the value of PMCT in a series of firearm homicide cases from a statewide centralized medical examiner’s office that occurred during 2016. Autopsies were performed or supervised by board-certified forensic pathologists who reviewed the PMCT scans prior to autopsy. PMCT scans were re-evaluated by a forensic radiologist blinded to the autopsy findings and scored by body region (head–neck, thoracoabdominal, and extremities). Injury discrepancies were scored using a modified Goldman classification and analyzed with McNemar’s test. We included 60 males and 20 females (median age 31 years, range 3–73). Based on PMCT, 56 (79.1%) cases had injuries relevant to the cause of death in a single body region (24 head–neck region, 32 thoracoabdominal region). Out of these 56 cases, 9 had a missed major diagnosis by PMCT outside that region, including 6 extremity injuries visible during standard external examination. Yet all had evident lethal firearm injury. We showed that PMCT identifies major firearm injuries in homicide victims and excludes injuries related to the cause of death in other regions when a single body region is injured. Although PMCT has a known limited sensitivity for soft tissue and vascular pathology, it can be combined with external examination to potentially reduce or focus dissections in some of these cases depending on the circumstances and medicolegal needs.     

习近平新时代文明观的理论程式与实践指向——兼驳美国政客的“文明冲突论”

习近平新时代文明观是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的"人类文明篇章"。从文明向度回答了"世界怎么了",批驳了当前以美国为主要代表的文明中心主义,以及全球恐怖主义、民粹主义等野蛮行径,指出人类文明面临主体性下降的共同挑战。从世界视野回答了"我们怎么办",是马克思主义文明观的创新发展,是中华民族文明叙事逻辑的当代延展,堪称全球化历史时代的精神精华。从自身定位回答了"中国如何做",为中国推动文明交流互鉴提供了根本遵循与行动指南。习近平新时代文明观的"出场""在场""现场"既构成了逻辑完备的理论程式,有力驳斥了文明冲突论,又具有鲜明的实践指向,领航中国特色大国外交。     

试论法律移植及其本土化

当前,在法律全球化发展趋势下,如何科学移植西方先进的法律制度,并将移植法律与本土资源充分结合,在本土资源认可和整合的基础上,最大限度地发挥移植法律的效用,是我们实现法律制度现代化的一个不容回避的问题。     

论紊乱犯罪现场逆现性

紊乱犯罪现场是案犯犯罪行为的物化反映,储存着犯罪主体及相关事物的信息。感知能力强的勘查人员具有辩证思维能力,能把自己对客观环境认识的合理性输入到紊乱的特殊环境中,理出紊乱犯罪现场发生、发展的整个头绪。     

法律的统一对民法法典化的影响

自19世纪以来,大陆法系各国纷纷制定颁布了自己的民法典,掀起了制定民法典的浪潮。然而,在论及制定颁布民法典的原因时,多数学者往往忽视法律的统一这一因素对其的影响。实际上,从大陆法系各主要国家制定颁布民法典的最直接、最现实的目的来看,都是基于对已有分散的法律进行统一的需要。基于同样的原因,英美法系的国家也制定颁布了民事单行法。     

Acute myoglobinuria as a fatal complication of heroin addiction

A fatal case of myoglobinuria complicating heroin addiction is described. Clinically the patient had no overt symptoms of rhabdomyolysis. Pathologists should be alerted to this rare complication in heroin addicts who die of no apparent cause. The antimyoglobin immunoperoxidase technique is useful in confirming the diagnosis.     

Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of forensic science casework in the People's Republic of China.

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis for the purpose of individualization is now being used in casework in the People's Republic of China. This report describes the use of the multilocus minisatellite probe 33.15 to solve three cases, including two homicides and a rape. In the third case, fetal tissue was analyzed to prove that the alleged rapist was, in fact, the father. In each case, analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) resulted in a positive match. The probability of chance association of the DNA fingerprint was calculated as 5.6 x 10(-12), which is similar to the figures reported in the literature.     

京味文化的缩影：南锣鼓巷古都风貌保护区

当前,以北京四合院为代表的一大批老北京历史文化遗产已经成为政府、专家和广大市民关注的焦点.而北京作为典型的历史文化名城,其在遗产保护和开发方面的各项措施也将成为其他历史文化名城参考、借鉴的样本.本文选取南锣鼓巷古都风貌保护区为研究对象,在介绍该区历史文化遗产概况的同时,从旅游资源的角度出发,重点阐述保护和开发历史文化区域思想,从而进一步挖掘其作为历史载体的特殊作用,体现古都风貌保护区在新时代的复合功能.